Symmetries of the Trautman retarded radial coordinates

We consider spacetime described by observer that uses Trautman's retarded radial coordinates system. Given a metric tensor, we find all the symmetry maps. They set a 10 dimensional family of local diffeomorphisms of spacetime and can be parametrized by the Poincar\'e algebra. This result is similar to the symmetries of a Gauss observer using the Gauss simultaneous radial coordinates and experiencing the algebra deformation induced by the spacetime Riemann tensor. A new, surprising property of the retarded coordinates is that while the symmetries are differentiable, in general they are not differentiable twice. In other words, a family of smooth symmetries is smaller than in the Gaussian case. We demonstrate examples of that non-smoothness and find necessary conditions for the differentiability to the second order. We also discuss the consequences and relevance of that result for geometric relational observables program. One can interpret our result as that the retarded radial coordinates provide gauge conditions stronger that the Gaussian 4d radial gauge.Comment: 12 pages, no figure

The 1/N1/N expansion of the symmetric traceless and the antisymmetric tensor models in rank three

We prove rigorously that the symmetric traceless and the antisymmetric tensor models in rank three with tetrahedral interaction admit a $1/N$ expansion, and that at leading order they are dominated by melon diagrams. This proves the recent conjecture of I. Klebanov and G. Tarnopolsky in JHEP 10 (2017) 037 [arXiv:1706.00839], which they checked numerically up to 8th order in the coupling constant.Comment: 40 pages, many figure

Bispidine Platform Grants Full Control over Magnetic State of Ferrous Chelates in Water

International audienceA bicyclic ligand platform for iron(II), which allows total control over the complex’s magnetic properties in aqueous solution simply by varying one of the six coordination sites of the bispidine ligand, is reported. To achieve this, an efficient synthetic route to an N5 bispidine framework (ligand L4) that features an unsubstituted N-7 site is established. Then, by choosing appropriate N-7-coordinating substituents, the spin state of choice can be imposed on the corresponding ferrous complexes under environmentally relevant conditions in water and near-room temperature. Importantly, the first low-spin and diamagnetic iron(II) chelates in the bispidine series, both in the solid state and in aqueous solution, are reported. The eradication of head-on steric clashes between pendent coordinating arms is at the origin of this success. A new pair of constitutionally similar ferrous coordination compounds of a multidentate ligand system is obtained, which exhibits a distinctly binary (off–on) magnetic relationship. The new synthetic intermediate L4 may be substituted in just one step by any desired pendent arm, thus allowing access to complexes with finely tuned magnetic properties

Study protocol for the recreational stimulation for elders as a vehicle to resolve delirium superimposed on dementia (Reserve For DSD) trial

This is the final version of the article. Available from the publisher via the DOI in this record.BACKGROUND: Delirium is a state of confusion characterized by an acute and fluctuating decline in cognitive functioning. Delirium is common and deadly in older adults with dementia, and is often referred to as delirium superimposed on dementia, or DSD. Interventions that treat DSD are not well-developed because the mechanisms involved in its etiology are not completely understood. We have developed a theory-based intervention for DSD that is derived from the literature on cognitive reserve and based on our prior interdisciplinary work on delirium, recreational activities, and cognitive stimulation in people with dementia. Our preliminary work indicate that use of simple, cognitively stimulating activities may help resolve delirium by helping to focus inattention, the primary neuropsychological deficit in delirium. Our primary aim in this trial is to test the efficacy of Recreational Stimulation for Elders as a Vehicle to resolve DSD (RESERVE- DSD). METHODS/DESIGN: This randomized repeated measures clinical trial will involve participants being recruited and enrolled at the time of admission to post acute care. We will randomize 256 subjects to intervention (RESERVE-DSD) or control (usual care). Intervention subjects will receive 30-minute sessions of tailored cognitively stimulating recreational activities for up to 30 days. We hypothesize that subjects who receive RESERVE-DSD will have: decreased severity and duration of delirium; greater gains in attention, orientation, memory, abstract thinking, and executive functioning; and greater gains in physical function compared to subjects with DSD who receive usual care. We will also evaluate potential moderators of intervention efficacy (lifetime of complex mental activities and APOE status). Our secondary aim is to describe the costs associated with RESERVE-DSD. DISCUSSION: Our theory-based intervention, which uses simple, inexpensive recreational activities for delivering cognitive stimulation, is innovative because, to our knowledge it has not been tested as a treatment for DSD. This novel intervention for DSD builds on our prior delirium, recreational activity and cognitive stimulation research, and draws support from cognitive reserve theory. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01267682This study is supported by The National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR), the National Institutes of Health, grant number R01: NR012242.

An intervention to reduce care‐resistant behavior in persons with dementia during oral hygiene: a pilot study

The primary purpose of this pilot study was to test the feasibility of an intervention designed to reduce care‐resistant behaviors (CRBs) in persons with moderate‐to‐severe dementia during oral hygiene activities.The intervention, Managing Oral Hygiene Using Threat Reduction (MOUTh), combined best oral hygiene practices with CRB reduction techniques. Oral health was operationalized as the total score obtained from the Oral Health Assessment Tool (OHAT). CRB was measured using a refinement of the Resistiveness to Care Scale. Seven nursing home residents with dementia received twice daily mouth care for 14 days. The baseline OHAT mean score of 7.29 (SD = 1.25) improved to 1.00 (SD = 1.26, p < .001); CRB improved from 2.43 CRBs/minute (SD = 4.26) to 1.09 CRBs/minute (SD = 1.56, t = 1.97, df 41, p= .06).The findings from this pilot study suggest that the MOUTh intervention is feasible and reduced CRBs, thus allowing more effective oral care.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/110640/1/j.1754-4505.2011.00190.x.pd

Anticholinergic Exposure During Rehabilitation: Cognitive and Physical Function Outcomes in Patients with Delirium Superimposed on Dementia

OBJECTIVES: We examined the association between anticholinergic medication exposure and subsequent cognitive and physical function in patients with delirium superimposed on dementia during rehabilitation. We also examined length of stay and discharge disposition by anticholinergic medication exposure. DESIGN: In this secondary analysis we used control group data from an ongoing randomized clinical trial. SETTING/PARTICIPANTS: Participants with delirium and dementia were enrolled at admission to post-acute care. These 99 participants had a mean age of 86.11 (±6.83) years; 67.6% were women; 98% were Caucasian; and 33% were positive for at least one APOE e4 allele. MEASURES: We obtained daily measures of cognitive and physical function using: Digit Span; memory, orientation and attention items from the Montreal Cognitive Assessment; CLOX; the Confusion Assessment Method; and the Barthel Index. Anticholinergic medication exposure was measured weekly using the Anticholinergic Cognitive Burden Scale. RESULTS: Using multilevel models for time we found that greater use of clinically relevant anticholinergic medications in the previous week reduced cognitive and physical function, as measured by Digit Span Backwards and the Barthel index, in the current week. There was no effect of anticholinergic medication use on delirium severity, and APOE status did not moderate any outcomes. Greater use of clinically relevant anticholinergic medications was related to longer length of stay but not discharge disposition. CONCLUSIONS: For vulnerable older adults, anticholinergic exposure represents a potentially modifiable risk factor for poor attention, working memory, physical function, and greater length of stay during rehabilitation

The relationship between two types of artificial lighting and restlessness as manifested by level of activation and motor activity in the elderly

The researcher\u27s purpose in this study was to investigate a proposed relationship between the spectral power distribution of two different fluorescent lights and two measures of restlessness, motor activity and level of activation. Motor activity was measured using Down\u27s and Fitzpatrick\u27s (1926) Motor Activity Rating Scale. Level of activation was measured using Hoskins (1978) alternate forms of Thayer\u27s Activation-Deactivation Adjective Check List. The spectral power distribution of fluorescent lights was selected as a stimulus which might induce restlessness because different colors are known to have different arousing potentials. A General Electric Chroma 50 lamp provided broad spectrum fluorescent lighting. This light has a spectral power distribution which includes the cooler region of the spectrum. A General Electric SPX30 lamp provided warm white fluorescent lighting. This light has a spectral power distribution peaking toward the warm end of the spectrum. It was hypothesized that subjects\u27 would demonstrate less motor activity under broad spectrum as opposed to warm white fluorescent lights. It was also hypothesized that subjects\u27 level of activation would be less under broad spectrum as opposed to warm white fluorescent light

Spin-Refined Partition Functions and CRT\mathcal{CRT} Black Holes

We investigate spin-refined partition functions in AdS/CFT using Euclidean gravitational path integrals. We construct phase diagrams for $Z_X = \text{Tr} \big( e^{-\beta H} X \big)$ in various dimensions and for different choices of discrete isometry $X$, discovering rich structures at finite temperature. When $X$ is a reflection, $Z_X$ counts the difference between the number of even- and odd-spin microstates. The high-temperature regime is universally dominated by $\mathcal{CRT}$-twisted black holes in any dimension, and in odd spacetime dimensions we examine whether complex rotating black hole solutions could contribute to spin-refined observables. We also analyze the microcanonical ensemble. There the leading contribution almost always come from rotating black holes, showing that the two ensembles are not equivalent.Comment: 25 pages, 8 figure