Image of the USA and Americans in North Korean Propaganda

The aim of this bachelor's thesis is to analyze the image of the USA and Americans in North Korean propaganda. The thesis briefly defines the concept of propaganda, describes its characteristics and categorizes its types and purposes. It deals with the specifics of North Korean propaganda and examines its techniques and effectiveness. The core of the thesis focuses on the image of the USA and Americans in relation to historical events which form North Korean Anti-Americanism. Furthermore, it thoroughly analyzes the visual aspects of the portrayal of the USA and Americans in North Korean propaganda and searches for generally valid principles and the way they are applied. Keywords Propaganda, DPRK, USA, Anti-Americanism, Americans, imageCílem této bakalářské práce je analyzovat obraz USA a Američanů v severokorejské propagandě. Tato práce stručně vymezuje pojem propaganda, popisuje její charakteristické rysy a kategorizuje její druhy a účel. Podrobněji se zabývá specifiky severokorejské propagandy, jejími technikami a efektivitou. Hlavní část práce se věnuje vytváření obrazu USA a Američanů v souvislosti s historickými událostmi, které formují severokorejský antiamerikanismus. Dále podrobně rozebírá některé výtvarné aspekty zobrazování USA a Američanů v severokorejské antiamerické propagandě a snaží se najít obecně platné principy a způsob jejich aplikace. Klíčová slova Propaganda, KLDR, USA, antiamerikanismus, Američané, obrazKatedra sinologieDepartment of SinologyFaculty of ArtsFilozofická fakult

COMBINATION OF ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY AND COMET ASSAY FOR ANALYSIS OF DNA DAMAGE INDUCED BY PDT

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficiency of photosensitisation induced by two photosensitizers, TMPyP and ClAlPcS2, tested in vitro on the tumor cell line MCF7. The oxidative damage of DNA in MCF-7 cells was analyzed by comet assay (CA) combined with Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The ability of detection of apoptotic response detected by Atomic Force Microscopy at the individual molecule level of DNA was successfully demonstrated; when DNA get damaged, cleavage to fragments caused by photodynamic treatment was directly visualized by AFM imaging of individual molecules. Its accuracy and reliability was validated through the comparison with traditional single cell agarose electrophoresis

RAMAN LABEL-FREE VISUALISATION OF TITANIUM DIOXIDE NANOPARTICLES UPTAKE IN BJ CELL LINES

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles represent one of the most frequently applied nanomaterials. Due to its advantageous physicochemical properties affecting the final products, use of this nanomaterial in daily used products is increasing. Beside the addition into glaze or enamels, titanium dioxide nanoparticles are found in UV protective cosmetic products applied on skin. According to the studies confirming the potential carcinogenic effect of titanium dioxide nanoparticles application of such nanomaterial may cause health risk. Cellular uptake of nanoparticles and their distribution in cell environment may play an important role in nanoparticles toxicological effect. Thus, evaluation of cellular uptake of nanoparticles is the additional step for evaluation of nanoparticles toxicology. The main objective of this study was to confirm the assumption of the cellular uptake of tested TiO2 nanoparticles using human fibroblasts BJ cell lines and confocal Raman microscopy as a new, promising, label-free imaging technique for studying the distribution of exogenous substances in cells. The results of this study confirm that tested TiO2 nanoparticles are uptaken by cells and distributed in intracellular environment, where form aggregates, possibly during their transport via endocytosis

Education towards Entrepreneurial Careers in a Czech College: An Empirical Study

The article presents the results of research into entrepreneurship education in economic and non-economic study programmes of the College of Polytechnics Jihlava (n = 104). The College represents a regional public college of professional orientation in the Vysočina Region, where the business potential is relatively high. Significant differences in attitudes concerning entrepreneurship among students of economic and non-economic programmes have not been proven. As well the correlation between attitudes (interest in conducting business, having preconceptions to start a business and subjective evaluation of one's own ideas) and the students' knowledge of entrepreneurship was not significantly demonstrated. Despite these insignificant differences, there have been links in students’ attitudes. Students of both programmes have a great interest in doing business even at the cost of having preconception to start a business. Above all, the high risk and uncertainty of business earnings are perceived very negatively. They also admit that they do not have enough knowledge and are thus afraid of starting a business, even though they have their own business ideas. Therefore, it is desirable to focus on new platforms for the development of entrepreneurship education and thus support the potential of students

XANTHENE DYES-MEDIATED IN VITRO PHOTODYNAMIC TREATMENT OF CANCER AND NON-CANCER CELL LINES

Rose bengal and erythrosin B are xanthene dyes mainly known and used as antimicrobial agents, but due to their photodynamic activity they are also potential photosensitizers for cancer photodynamic therapy. The aim of this work is to study a photodynamic efficacy of rose bengal and erythrosin B against human skin melanoma and mouse fibroblast cell lines, compare them with each other and find out their photodynamic properties induced by light emitting diodes with total light dose of 5 J/cm2. To fully identify and understand photodynamic properties of both potentially effective photosensitizers, a set of complex in vitro tests such as cell cytotoxic assay, measurement of reactive oxygen species production, mitochondrial membrane potential change assay, mode of cell death determination or comet assay were made. Although both photosensitizers proved to have similar properties such as increasing production of reactive oxygen species with the higher concentration, predominance of necrotic mode of death or genotoxicity, the more effective photosensitizer was rose bengal because its EC50 was over 20 times lower for both cell lines than in case of erythrosin B. &nbsp

IMUNOFLUORESCENČNÍ ANALÝZA PROAPOPTICKÝCH SIGNÁLNÍCH MOLEKUL V BUŇKÁCH LIDSKÉHO MELANOMU PO FOTODYNAMICKÉ TERAPII

IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE ANALYSIS OF PROAPOPTOTIC SIGNALING MOLECULES IN HUMAN MELANOMA CELLS AFTER PHOTODYNAMIC TREATMENT. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is connected with oxidative damage of biomolecules causing significant impairment of essential cellular functions that lead to cell death. It is the reason, why photodynamic therapy has also found its application in treatment of different oncological, cardiovascular, skin and eye diseases. The cell death after PDT is mediated by an apoptotic and/or necrotic process including activation of various biomolecules. In the presented study we have used immunofluorescence method to detect caspase 3 and 9, poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) in their active forms, and release of the cytochrome c as the proapoptotic protein after photodynamic treatment of human melanoma cells

INDIKACE K OPERAČNÍ LÉČBĚ POPÁLENIN PŘI VYUŽITÍ METODY LASERDOPPLER IMAGING

The clinical assessment of depth of burns misdiagnosed in up to 35% of cases, especially in the early stages of thermal trauma to the 5th postoperative day. The correct determination of the depth of burns is crucial for planning the adequate therapeutic approach, ie, conservative or surgical treatment of burn wounds. Four basic grades of burn depth are distinguished cliniccaly. Grade I, IIa, IIb can be treated conservatively. Grade III and IV, but also some deeper grade IIb should be operated. Burns IIb cause the most diagnostic difficulties and the indications for surgical treatment is determind by depth of corium affection, which correlates with blood circulation in the dermis and the length of healing. Clinically, it is very difficult to estimate the depth of the affected dermis. LDI, laserdoppler imaging is the one of the ways to objectively and non-invasively assess the depth of the burns. LDI is an imaging technique that uses a laser radiation and the Doppler effect to detect blood flow in the skin capillaries. When thermal trauma directly damages the walls of capillaries, the subsequent tissue necrosis occures. Specificity and sensitivity of LDI in determining of the burn depth states 95% [1]. In our work, we propose a diagnostic algorithm for evaluation of capillary perfusion measured by LDI. Testing can be done up to 9th posttraumatic day, taking into account the current day after the accident. LDI is a suitable tool for the indication of surgical treatment. The following procedures should facilitate this process

EFFECT OF THE ZINC PHTHALOCYANINE MEDIATED PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY ON CYTOSKELETAL APPARATUS OF HELA CELLS

This study deals with the utilization of photosensitizer (λmax ~ 660 nm) from the group of the phthalocyanines, in photodynamic therapy. Effect of the zinc phthalocyanine photosensitizer mediated photodynamic therapy was evaluated in vitro on the tumor cell line – HeLa (cervical cancer cells) using mass spectrometry and atomic force and fluorescent microscopy techniques

VLIV ULTRAZVUKU NA ÚČINNOST FOTODYNAMICKÉ TERAPIE – IN VITRO STUDIE

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) belongs in perspective modalities of cancer treatment. It is based on the tumour-selective accumulation of a photosensitizer followed by irradiation with light of a specific wavelength. PDT is widely developed nowadays due to its high specificity and selectivity along with absence of the unadvisable side-effects. Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) exploits ultrasound to induce cytotoxic effect of sensitizer. In our study we tested the possibility of combination of this therapies and icrease of efficiency. Our results suggest that irradiation in combination with application of therapeutic ultrasound increases production of reactive oxygen species and reduces viability of tumour MCF7 cells, compared to irradiation of ZnTPPS4 only, especially in the case of higher therapeutic doses. In the future, the combination of PDT and SDT can bring a new treatment modality for malignant and also nonmalignant diseases