Reproductive health: transformation of youth representations

A comparative analysis of the representations of students of a medical university of different age groups about reproductive health according to the results of a survey among students in a medical university from I to VI courses is presented. Information was obtained on the transformation of the reproductive representations of students, their relationship to contraceptive methods, abortion, and knowledge of the physiology of the female body.Представлен сравнительный анализ представлений студентов медицинского университета разных возрастных групп о репродуктивном здоровье по результатам анкетирования среди обучающихсяв медицинском ВУЗе с I по VI курс. Получена информация о трансформации репродуктивных представлений студентов, их отношения к методам контрацепции, прерыванию беременности, знаний о физиологии женского организма

BIOINFORMATION SEARCH AND ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURES OF CRISPR/CAS SYSTEMS IN PHAGE STAPHYLOCOCUS AUREUS GENOME AND ESTIMATION OF PROFILES OF PHAGE DETECTED THROUGH CRISPR-CASSETTE BACTERIA

The emergence of resistance among the most important bacterial pathogens is generally recognized as one of the major public health problems. The most important of these organisms are penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae, vancomycin-resistant enterococci and methicillin- and vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. These antibiotic resistance in common pathogens have made antimicrobial therapy of many infections. Scientists need to look for new ways of treating bacterial infections in the work, using the developed algorithm from the methods of search software in the genomic structure of Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus ST228, the CRISPR/Cas locus and the division structures of its CRISPR cassette. The results of the bacteriophage search through the decoded spacer sequences of CRISPR-cassettes of this strain were also obtained using the developed algorithm of the software methods of bioinformatics. It was determined that the CRISPR/Cas system of strain of ST228 of S. aureus was of type IIIA. It is shown that cas-genes are in the immediate vicinity of CRISPR cassettes. The spacer structures in the detected CRISPR cassette are the Staphylococcus, Mycobacterium, Streptococcus, Bacillus, Gordonia, Arthrobacter, Streptomyces. The implementation of the algorithm of program methods for locating CRISPR/Cas-loci can be applied to many other decoded bacterial genomes to return bacteriophage therapy

Reproductive health: transformation of youth representations

A comparative analysis of the representations of students of a medical university of different age groups about reproductive health according to the results of a survey among students in a medical university from I to VI courses is presented. Information was obtained on the transformation of the reproductive representations of students, their relationship to contraceptive methods, abortion, and knowledge of the physiology of the female body.Представлен сравнительный анализ представлений студентов медицинского университета разных возрастных групп о репродуктивном здоровье по результатам анкетирования среди обучающихсяв медицинском ВУЗе с I по VI курс. Получена информация о трансформации репродуктивных представлений студентов, их отношения к методам контрацепции, прерыванию беременности, знаний о физиологии женского организма

CRISPR-Cas Loci of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis Strains with Different Genetic Determinants

Relevance. Yersinia pseudotuberculosis is a causative agent of pseudotuberculosis, a disease with polymorphism of clinical manifestation that is determined by the presence of specific virulence determinants: plasmid pVM82, pathogenicity islands HPI and YAPI, and superantigen YPM. Occurrence of new determinants depends on horizontal transfer of mobile genetic elements, hence, systems regulating horizontal transfer participate in evolution of pathogenic species. CRISPR-Cas is and adaptive protection system of prokaryotes against mobile genetic elements. Aim. The study analyzed an interaction between CRISPR-loci of Y. pseudotuberculosis and virulence determinants. Results. 86% of strains includes three CRISPR-loci: YP1, YP2, and YP3. Length of locus YP3 mostly depends on presence of virulence determinants in strains of Y. pseudotuberculosis serotype O:1b. Strains with virulence genes are able to cause a severe form of pseudotuberculosis and have longer locus than strains without determinants. Conclusion. Therefore, CRIPSRCas system of Y. pseudotuberculosis may participate in formation of a certain strain genotype that defines clinical manifestation of pseudotuberculosis

Acute, Muscle-Type Specific Insulin Resistance Following Injury

Acute insulin resistance can develop following critical illness and severe injury, and the mortality of critically ill patients can be reduced by intensive insulin therapy. Thus, compensating for the insulin resistance in the clinical care setting is important. However, the molecular mechanisms that lead to the development of acute injury/infection-associated insulin resistance are unknown, and the development of acute insulin resistance is much less studied than chronic disease-associated insulin resistance. An animal model of injury and blood loss was utilized to determine whether acute skeletal muscle insulin resistance develops following injury, and surgical trauma in the absence of hemorrhage had little effect on insulin-mediated signaling. However, following hemorrhage, there was an almost complete loss of insulin-induced Akt phosphorylation in triceps, and severely decreased tyrosine phosphorylation of the insulin receptor and insulin receptor substrate-1. The severity of insulin resistance was similar in triceps and extensor digitorum longus muscles, but was more modest in diaphragm, and there was little change in insulin signaling in cardiac muscle following hemorrhage. Since skeletal muscle is an important insulin target tissue and accounts for much of insulin-induced glucose disposal, it is important to determine its role in injury/infection-induced hyperglycemia. This is the first report of an acute development of skeletal muscle insulin signaling defects. The presented data indicates that the defects in insulin signaling occurred rapidly, were reversible and more severe in some skeletal muscles, and did not occur in cardiac muscle