SOCS-1/SSI-1-Deficient NKT Cells Participate in Severe Hepatitis through Dysregulated Cross-Talk Inhibition of IFN-γ and IL-4 Signaling In Vivo

AbstractSuppressor of cytokine signaling-1 (SOCS-1), also known as STAT-induced STAT inhibitor-1 (SSI-1), is a negative feedback molecule for cytokine signaling, and its in vivo deletion induces fulminant hepatitis. However, elimination of the STAT1 or STAT6 gene or deletion of NKT cells substantially prevented severe hepatitis in SOCS-1-deficient mice, while administration of IFN-γ and IL-4 accelerated its development. SOCS-1 deficiency not only sustained IFN-γ/IL-4 signaling but also eliminated the cross-inhibitory action of IFN-γ on IL-4 signaling. These results suggest that SOCS-1 deficiency-induced persistent activation of STAT1 and STAT6, which would be inhibited by SOCS-1 under normal conditions, may induce abnormal activation of NKT cells, thus leading to lethal pathological changes in SOCS-1-deficient mice

32Dc13細胞の顆粒球への分化はAML1/ETO(MTG8)により阻止されるが高レベルで発現しているBcl-2によっては阻止されない。

要旨pdfファイル:氏名「神﨑 秀嗣」京都大学0048新制・課程博士博士(医学)甲第7777号医博第2130号新制||医||715(附属図書館)UT51-99-G371京都大学大学院医学研究科分子医学系専攻(主査)教授 内山 卓, 教授 淀井 淳司, 教授 伊藤 嘉明学位規則第4条第1項該当Doctor of Medical ScienceKyoto UniversityDA

A proposal regarding English education at schools to train paramedics/medical technologists in Japan

English has not always been a required subject at training institutions for medically related professions because it was not included in the national examinations. However, “team medical practice”, which was devised to overcome the recent lack of physicians, requires paramedics’ ability to understand English. English education for paramedics may be useful for providing correct treatment, overcoming the lack of physicians, and treating patients together with several types of paramedics and nurses cooperatively. Therefore, paramedics including medical technologists need English for Medical Purposes (EMP). This study introduces a trial for practical English education, which has been carried out in our hospital. A curriculum which focuses on English medical terminology was developed, and applied in the classroom. As the results, most of the students showed a high level of satisfaction. A term-end examination of English medical terminology was conducted, and the scores were compared between students using a paper or electronic dictionary, showing no significant difference. The scores were also compared between students who were taught by native English-speaking teachers and Japanese teachers, again showing no significant difference, indicating the distorted views of older Japanese teachers. The younger generation is more comfortable with foreigners than the older 2 J.Med.English Edu., 11(1), 7-14. 2012. generation, and they have grown up surrounded by computing technology such as computer games and mobile phones, revealing that the students are accustomed to using an electronic dictionary. These results should be used for the improvement of the curriculum

A proposal regarding English education at schools to train paramedics/medical technologists in Japan

English has not always been a required subject at training institutions for medically related professions because it was not included in the national examinations. However, “team medical practice”, which was devised to overcome the recent lack of physicians, requires paramedics’ ability to understand English. English education for paramedics may be useful for providing correct treatment, overcoming the lack of physicians, and treating patients together with several types of paramedics and nurses cooperatively. Therefore, paramedics including medical technologists need English for Medical Purposes (EMP). This study introduces a trial for practical English education, which has been carried out in our hospital. A curriculum which focuses on English medical terminology was developed, and applied in the classroom. As the results, most of the students showed a high level of satisfaction. A term-end examination of English medical terminology was conducted, and the scores were compared between students using a paper or electronic dictionary, showing no significant difference. The scores were also compared between students who were taught by native English-speaking teachers and Japanese teachers, again showing no significant difference, indicating the distorted views of older Japanese teachers. The younger generation is more comfortable with foreigners than the older 2 J.Med.English Edu., 11(1), 7-14. 2012. generation, and they have grown up surrounded by computing technology such as computer games and mobile phones, revealing that the students are accustomed to using an electronic dictionary. These results should be used for the improvement of the curriculum

An approach to chemical education at medical technologist training institutions in Japan

We teach chemistry at a medical technology school. Chemistry is not necessarily the favorite subject of Japanese students receiving paramedical education. However, many biochemical, microbiological, and advanced genetic tests are performed in the medical setting, and solutions and media also have to be prepared. Nurses and paramedics including medical technologists rarely prepare solutions because of automation in the medical setting and a lack of time. However, they might feel uneasy about certain aspects of medical practice, such as the use of infusions and injections, if they do not know how to prepare and label solutions. In addition, the annual national examinations include questions on concentration calculations. In this article, we introduce our approach to providing chemical education for medical technologists

臨床検査技師養成過程における染色体遺伝子検査学教育と臨床検査技師国家試 験問題に対する一提言

ヒトゲノムの解読が終了したのは 2003 年 4 月のことであった.この情報をも とに,染色体遺伝子検査 1, 2),遺伝学的検査 1, 2),また SNP 解析,ミトコンドリ ア SNP 3)や薬剤感受性を調べるファーマコゲノミックス 4)が発展しており、オ ーダーメード医療が期待されている.また現在,国際 HapMap 計画が進められ ている 5).この計画は,ヒトの病気の薬に対する反応性に関わる遺伝子を発見す るための基盤を整備するプロジェクトである.このように染色体遺伝子情報を 疾患治療に役立てようとする技術は進歩し続けている.また様々なデータベー スが構築されている 6, 7, 8, 9).シーケンサーなどの技術革新が一層進み,医療に有 益な情報が容易に得られるようになった.数年前には染色体遺伝子検査は自費 で行われることが多かったが,最近では診療報酬も認められ始めている 10, 11). しかし,医療現場の現状はどうだろうか. 染色体遺伝子検査 1, 2),遺伝学的検 査 1, 2).SNP 解析,ミトコンドリア SNP 解析 3)や薬剤感受性を調べるファーマ コゲノミックス 4)のような検査を行うには,費用や機器もさることながら,適 切な知識に裏付けされた高度な技術を持った専門職が必要である.養成校を卒 業し,臨床検査技師免許を取得しただけでは対応できないというのが実情であ ろう.この論文では,筆者の教育経験と長年行ってきた染色体遺伝子研究をも とに,改善策を考えた

An approach to chemical education at medical technologist training institutions in Japan

We teach chemistry at a medical technology school. Chemistry is not necessarily the favorite subject of Japanese students receiving paramedical education. However, many biochemical, microbiological, and advanced genetic tests are performed in the medical setting, and solutions and media also have to be prepared. Nurses and paramedics including medical technologists rarely prepare solutions because of automation in the medical setting and a lack of time. However, they might feel uneasy about certain aspects of medical practice, such as the use of infusions and injections, if they do not know how to prepare and label solutions. In addition, the annual national examinations include questions on concentration calculations. In this article, we introduce our approach to providing chemical education for medical technologists