806 research outputs found
Ferromagnetism of two-flavor quark matter in chiral and/or color-superconducting phases at zero and finite temperatures
We study the phase structure of the unpolarized and polarized two-flavor
quark matters at zero and finite temperatures within the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio
(NJL) model. We focus on the region, which includes the coexisting phase of
quark-antiquark and diquark condensates. Generalizing the NJL model so as to
describe the polarized quark matter, we compute the thermodynamic potential as
a function of the quark chemical potential (), the temperature (), and
the polarization parameter. The result heavily depends on the ratio , where is the quark-antiquark coupling constant and is the
diquark coupling constant. We find that, for small , the
"ferromagnetic" phase is energetically favored over the "paramagnetic" phase.
On the other hand, for large , there appears the window in the
()-plane, in which the "paramagnetic" phase is favored.Comment: 25 pages, 10 figure
Cancellation of energy-divergences and renormalizability in Coulomb gauge QCD within the Lagrangian formalism
In Coulomb gauge QCD in the Lagrangian formalism, energy divergences arise in
individual diagrams. We give a proof on cancellation of these divergences to
all orders of perturbation theory without obstructing the algebraic
renormalizability of the theory.Comment: 13 pages, 7 figure
Phase diagram of Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model with dimensional regularization
We investigate the phase diagram on temperature-chemical potential plane in
the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model with the dimensional regularization. While the
structure of the resulting diagram shows resemblance to the one in the
frequently used cutoff regularization, some results of our study indicate
striking difference between these regularizations. The diagram in the
dimensional regularization exhibits strong tendency of the first order phase
transition.Comment: 9 pages, 9 figure
Conservation Laws in Cellular Automata
If X is a discrete abelian group and B a finite set, then a cellular
automaton (CA) is a continuous map F:B^X-->B^X that commutes with all X-shifts.
If g is a real-valued function on B, then, for any b in B^X, we define G(b) to
be the sum over all x in X of g(b_x) (if finite). We say g is `conserved' by F
if G is constant under the action of F. We characterize such `conservation
laws' in several ways, deriving both theoretical consequences and practical
tests, and provide a method for constructing all one-dimensional CA exhibiting
a given conservation law.Comment: 19 pages, LaTeX 2E with one (1) Encapsulated PostScript figure. To
appear in Nonlinearity. (v2) minor changes/corrections; new references added
to bibliograph
A New Galactic Extinction Map of the Cygnus Region
We have made a Galactic extinction map of the Cygnus region with 5' spatial
resolution. The selected area is 80^\circ to 90^\circ in the Galactic longitude
and -4^\circ to 8^\circ in the Galactic latitude. The intensity at 140 \mum is
derived from the intensities at 60 and 100 \mum of the IRAS data using the
tight correlation between 60, 100, and 140 \mum found in the Galactic plane.
The dust temperature and optical depth are calculated with 5' resolution from
the 140 and 100 \mum intensity, and Av is calculated from the optical depth. In
the selected area, the mean dust temperature is 17 K, the minimum is 16 K, and
the maximum is 30 K. The mean Av is 6.5 mag, the minimum is 0.5 mag, and the
maximum is 11 mag. The dust temperature distribution shows significant spatial
variation on smaller scales down to 5'. Because the present study can trace the
5'-scale spatial variation of the extinction, it has an advantage over the
previous studies, such as the one by Schlegel, Finkbeiner, & Davis, who used
the COBE/DIRBE data to derive the dust temperature distribution with a spatial
resolution of 1^\circ. The difference of Av between our map and Schlegel et
al.'s is \pm 3 mag. A new extinction map of the entire sky can be produced by
applying the present method.Comment: 27 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in Ap
Effect of interleukins response to ECM-induced acquisition of drug resistance in MCF-7 cells
Aim: To examine the effect of various components of extracellular matrix (ECM) on acquisition of drug resistance to taxol and camptothecin by breast carcinoma cell line MCF-7. Methods: Cancer cells were cultured on bovine serum albumin (BSA), vitronectin (VN), fibronectin (FN), collagen type I (COL-I), or Matrigel-coated plates with or without taxol (paclitaxel) or camptothecin treatment. The effect of anticancer drugs on cell growth was accessed by XTT assay, and the alterations of cellular morphology were examined by phase contrast microscopy. Immunofluorescence study was performed using monoclonal anti-b-tubulin antibody. Results: All cell lines showed a significant decrease in cell survival when treated with anticancer drugs without components of ECM, whereas survival rates of Caco-2, MCF-7 and NCI-H292 were significantly increased when cells were cultured on COL-I- and Matrigel-coated dishes after treatment with paclitaxel or camptothecin. MCF-7 cells showed and maintained a colony formation when cultured on the COL-I- and Matrigel-coated dish. Moreover, cytotoxicity (IC50) was decreased by taxol (paclitaxel) or camptothecin treatment during colony formation in MCF-7 cells, suggesting that morphological changes could increase survival of cells treated with anticancer drugs. Thick circumferential bundles of microtubules around the periphery of the cells and chromatin condensation was not observed for MCF-7 cells on COL-I- and Matrigel-coated dishes treated with paclitaxel. To confirm this, spheroid cells were prepared, and we found that cytotoxicity was decreased for these cells, and significantly increased when cells were co-cultured on Matrigel- or COL-I-coated upper wells. The effect of anticancer drugs on cell survival was efficiently inhibited by interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-8 (IL-8). Conclusions: Present results suggested that not only integrin-ECM interactions but also other factors such as IL-6 and IL-8 secreted by cancer cells, cultured on COL-I and Matrigel dishes, are involved in the acquisition of drug resistance by MCF-7.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ: ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π²Π½Π΅ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ° (ECM) Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ
ΠΊ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΠ»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Ρ MCF-7. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ: ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΠ°Ρ
,
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΡΡ
Π±ΡΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π°Π»ΡΠ±ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ (BSA), Π²ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ½Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ (VN), ΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠΎΠ½Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ (FN), ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π°Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌ I ΡΠΈΠΏΠ° (COL-I)
ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ³Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ, Π±Π΅Π· ΠΈ Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΠ»Π° (ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅Π») ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½Π°. ΠΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π°
ΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ XTT-ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°, ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ Π² ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ΅.
ΠΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ Ξ²-ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π°. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ: Π΄Π»Ρ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ
ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π±Π΅Π· ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ECM, Π² ΡΠΎ
Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ Π²ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ Caco-2, MCF-7 ΠΈ NCI-H292 Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ
ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π² ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ
, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΡΡ
COL-I ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ³Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ MCF-7 ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡ
ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈ
ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π² ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ
Ρ COL-I ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ³Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ. ΠΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ (IC50) ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΠ»Π° ΠΈ Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ MCF-7 Π±ΡΠ»Π° ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½Π°, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΡΡ Π½Π° Π²ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ MCF-7, Π²ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
Π½Π° ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ
Ρ COL-I ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ³Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ, Π½Π΅
ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ·Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½Π°. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ
Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΡΡ Ρ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ². ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎ
ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ°Π»Π°ΡΡ ΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ°Π»Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎ-ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ³Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ COL-I Π² Π²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Ρ
. Π‘Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΉΠΊΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ-6
(IL-6) ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΉΠΊΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ-8 (IL-8). ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ: Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠΈΠ½-ECM-Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ,
Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΡ, ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ IL-6 ΠΈ IL-8, ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ
Ρ COL-I ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ³Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ,
ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡ Π² ΠΏΡΠΈΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ MCF-7
Relativistic Corrections to the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect for Clusters of Galaxies. IV. Analytic fitting formula for the Numerical Results
We present an accurate analytic fitting formula for the numerical results for
the relativistic corrections to the thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect for
clusters of galaxies. The numerical results for the relativistic corrections
have been obtained by numerical integration of the collision term of the
Boltzmann equation. The fitting is carried out for the ranges 0.02 < theta_{e}
< 0.05 and 0 < X < 20, where theta_{e} = k_{B}T_{e}/m_{e}c^{2}, X =
omega/k_{B}T_{0}, T_{e} is the electron temperature, omega is the angular
frequency of the photon, and T_{0} is the temperature of the cosmic microwave
background radiation. The accuracy of the fitting is generally better than
0.1%. The present analytic fitting formula will be useful for the analyses of
the thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect for high-temperature galaxy clusters.Comment: 11 pages + 1 table + 2 figures, LaTeX with AASMS macro. Accepted by
Astrophysical Journal for publicatio
Distribusi Vertikal Dan Horizontal Asplenium Nidus L. Di Taman Nasional Gunung Halimun, Jawa Barat [Vertical and Horizontal Distributions of Asplenium Nidus L. in Gunung Halimun National Park, West Java]
The study was carried out on August 2000 to July 2001, in 1-ha permanent plot, near Cikaniki Research Station, in Halimun Mountain National Park, West Java.The results shows that, from 1 ha (100 sub plots, each 10x10 m size) studied there were 388 individual numbers of Asplenium nidus L. with some variation on rosette leaves size. The individual numbers of A. nidus were greater at host plant stem with diameter class distribution between 1.3-9.9 cm (45,6%), and than percentages value were decreased in the larger of host plant stem diameter class. Also the individual numbers of A. nidus were greater at under 5 m height position above ground, that is 252 (65,1%).There were no correlation between host plant height (tree trunk height) and A. nidus height position above ground.However there were little linear correlation between rosette leaves size with stem diameter of host plant(Y=1.5586x+317.37 and R =0.0211), and little linear correlation between rosette leaves size with host plant height(Y=2.8241x+304.63, and R =0.0226), but there were no significant increased for both. It was assumed the effects of microclimate(temperature, humidity, light, and rainfall) to distribution of A. nidus as well as horizontal or vertical distribution
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