Evaluation on dynamic performance of glulam frame structure composed of slotted bolted connection system

World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE 2014), Quebec City, Canada, 10-14 August 2014.Earthquake-resisting performance of glulam frame structure was evaluated by shaking table tests on a specially designed glulam “double cross shape” specimen composed of slotted bolted connection (SBC) system. By the first vibration test using sinusoidal wave having a maximum acceleration of 800gal, the specimen survived until 80% level of input waves without damage. After renewing SBC system, the second vibration test was done on a same specimen using the JMA-Kobe NS waves having a PGA of 818gal. The specimen survived until 80% level of input without damage but slightly failed by the panel-shear when 100% level was inputted. Earthquake-resisting performance of glulam moment-resisting joints composed of SBC system was considered as satisfactory enough for ductile joint system, but improvement of panel-shear of glulam member itself was recognized as a future research need

Effect of tricyclic drugs on mitochondrial membrane.

The effects of tricyclic drugs (clomipramine, imipramine, chlorpromazine and promethazine) on isolated liver mitochondria of rats were examined. All the drugs tested accelerated state 4 respiration. Their stimulative potency at concentrations below 100 microM was in the order of chlorpromazine greater than clomipramine greater than imipramine, promethazine. On state 3 respiration, the chlorine containing drugs had an inhibitive effect at high concentrations, while the other drugs seemed to have a slightly stimulative effect. These drugs stimulated latent ATPase activity of mitochondria. Clomipramine and chlorpromazine inhibited 2, 4-dinitrophenol-stimulated ATPase activity in a dose-dependent fashion. Imipramine also inhibited 2, 4-dinitrophenol-stimulated ATPase activity at high concentrations. Promethazine, however, had almost no effect. All the drugs induced potassium release from mitochondrial vesicles, and their potency was in the order of clomipramine greater than chlorpromazine greater than imipramine greater than promethazine. These results suggest that clomipramine, imipramine, chlorpromazine and promethazine cause impediments in both mitochondrial respiration and ion compartmentation, and that the chlorine containing drugs are more toxic than others on the functions of the mitochondrial membrane.</p

Effects of aggregation on methamphetamine toxicity in mice.

Methamphetamine (MA) toxicity in aggregated mice was studied by varying the number of mice and the proportion of MA treated mice kept in the same confined space. The lethality was measured 24 h after intraperitoneal injections of MA at doses ranging from 10 to 100 mg/kg. MA lethality, over a wide dose range (15 to 50 mg/kg), was higher in aggregated mice than in those maintained in isolation. The greater the proportion of MA-treated mice in aggregation was, the higher the MA lethality was. In aggregations of 10 mice, MA was lethal at lower doses than in aggregations of 5 mice. These results indicate that the lethality of MA is influenced by confinement and aggregation.</p

Mammary Paget’s Disease with Intraductal Spread: A Patient Report

A 49-year-old woman was diagnosed with mammary Paget’s disease and underwent a modified mastectomy. Paget’s cells were observed not only in the nipple epidermis and adjacent lactiferous ducts, but also at several branches of the lactiferous ducts in the deeper breast. In treating mammary Paget’s disease, the possibility of intraductal spreads should be kept in mind

In vitro release of tegafur from a fatty-base suppository and in vivo bioavailability of tegafur.

This study was designed to determine the in vitro release of tegafur from a suppository and the in vivo bioavailability of tegafur in rats. Two different suppository preparations (product A-1 and product A-2) containing 750 mg of tegafur were tested for in vitro release of tegafur by the Muranishi Method (membrane diffusion method) and the partially modified paddle method (permeability through dialysis tubing). When determined by either method, the amount of tegafur released from product A-2 during the whole experimental period was significantly greater than that released from product A-1. When tested by the Muranishi method, however, the difference in the amount released during the first 10-min period was not significant. A greater bioavailability of tegafur after rectal administration was obtained by product A-2 more than product A-1. A significant correlation was observed between the in vitro release and the in vivo bioavailability. The present results indicate that there are considerable differences in physiochemical characteristics between product A-1 and product A-2.</p

Circadian Rhythms Fluctuate the Treatment Effects of Intravesical Treatments on Rat Urinary Frequency Models

Objectives. It is still not clear how the intravesical instillation of drugs affects rat urinary frequency. This study aimed to examine the dynamics of intravesical treatments' treatment effect on rat urinary frequency models by real-time and extended monitoring using a novel continuous urination monitoring system. Methods. Nine eleven-week-old female Wistar rats were divided into three groups to receive intravesical instillation of 0.1% acetic acid (AA), 1.0% AA, or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Thirty minutes later, these drugs were voided, and rats were moved to a continuous urination monitoring system, UM-100. UM-100 monitored rat urination quantitatively and continuously for 24 hours. Rats were then euthanized, and histopathologic examinations using a damage score validated the severity of bladder inflammation. We used nine additional rats to determine the treatment effect of various drugs against the urinary frequency. These rats were also treated with 1.0% AA in the same way and divided into three groups (n = 3 each) to receive intravesical instillation of lidocaine, silver nitrate (AgNO3), or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), respectively. Thirty minutes later, rats were catheterized again and moved to the UM-100, and their voiding was monitored for 24 hours. Results. Intravesical instillation of AA increased the urinary frequency and decreased the mean voided volume (VV) in a concentration-dependent manner, with statistical significance at a concentration of 1.0% (urinary frequency; p = 0.0007 , mean VV; p = 0.0032 , respectively) compared with PBS. Histopathological analysis of these models demonstrated a significantly higher damage score of bladder mucosa in both 0.1% AA and 1.0% AA compared with PBS, with the severity in concordance with the clinical severity of urinary frequency (0.1% AA: p < 0.0001 , 1.0% AA: p < 0.0001 ). Moreover, intravesical instillation of lidocaine, AgNO3, and DMSO decreased the urinary frequency. Continuous monitoring with UM-100 also demonstrated that the treatment effect of these intravesically instilled drugs occurred only at night. Conclusions. The extended monitoring of rat urination by UM-100 revealed a significant fluctuation in the treatment effect of intravesically instilled drugs between day and night. These findings may help establish novel therapies for urinary frequency

In Vivo

In vivo real-time visualization of the process of angiogenesis in secondary tumors in the same living animals presents a major challenge in metastasis research. We developed a technique for intravital imaging of colorectal liver metastasis development in live mice using two-photon laser scanning microscopy (TPLSM). We also developed time-series TPLSM in which intravital TPLSM procedures were performed several times over periods of days to months. Red fluorescent protein-expressing colorectal cancer cells were inoculated into the spleens of green fluorescent protein-expressing mice. First- and second-round intravital TPLSM allowed visualization of viable cancer cells (red) in hepatic sinusoids or the space of Disse. Third-round intravital TPLSM demonstrated liver metastatic colonies consisting of viable cancer cells and surrounding stroma with tumor vessels (green). In vivo time-course imaging of tumor angiogenesis in the same living mice using time-series TPLSM could be an ideal tool for antiangiogenic drug evaluation, reducing the effects of interindividual variation