14 research outputs found
Determination of vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentration for ceftazidime resistant Streptococcus pneumoniaein Iran
Effect of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Pure Exotoxin A on Mice WBC in Comparison with Human WBC Contaminated by Pseudomonas aeruginosa
ABSTRACT
Introduction & Objective: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a gram negative bacterial. This bacterium is resistant to many antibiotics and chemical disinfectants. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic bacteria and caused infection in skin, external ear, upper respiratory tract, large intestine and is an important bacteria in nosocomial infections. It causes acute infection in burn disease. This bacterium can produce exotoxin A and effect on elongation factor II and can stop protein synthesis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of exotoxin A on mice WBC and comparison of the results with human WBC that contaminated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Materials & Methods: This is an experimental study which was conducted in 1384 on burn disease patients referred to Shiraz Ghotbodin hospital. Sample that contaminated with PA was taken from these patients for WBC count and WBC differentiation. Sample was also taken from 100 burn patients without infection (50 male and 50 female). Toxigenic strain of PA103 was cultured on liquid media and used for purification of exotoxin A. This sample was injected to 50 mice (I.V) and after different incubation time, WBC was counted. Ten normal mice was used as control. Collected data analyzed by SPSS.
Results: WBC count decreased in mice that received Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A in comparison with normal mice (P<0.05). WBC count was significantly decreased in burn patients in comparison with normal individuals (P<0.029) and most decrease was belonged to PMN.
Conclusion: The results demonstrated that Pseudomonas aeruginosa that produce exotoxin induce WBC decrease in burn disease and also in mice that contaminated with exotoxin of this bacteria. It can be concluded that bacterial infection in burn patients is toxigenic strain of PA that produce exotoxin A
Inhibitory activity of garlic (<i>Allium sativum</i>) extract on multidrug-resistant <i>Streptococcus mutans</i>
Garlic (<i> Allium sativum</i> ) extract has been known to have inhibitory activity on various pathogenic bacteria, viruses and fungi. The objective of present investigation was to study <i> in vitro</i> inhibitory activity of garlic extract on multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains of <i> Streptococcus mutans</i> isolated from human carious teeth. Filter sterilized aqueous extract of garlic was prepared and used in the present study. For isolation of <i> S. mutans</i> , extracted human carious teeth were cultured in Todd-Hewit broth and Mitis-Salivarius-Bacitracin agar. <i> S. mutans</i> was characterized by colony morphology, biochemical tests and other conventional bacteriological procedures. Disk sensitivity tests and broth dilution methods were used to determine antibiotic sensitivity profile and inhibitory activity of garlic extract on <i> S. mutans</i> isolated from carious teeth. Of 105 carious teeth tested, 92 (87.6%) isolates of <i> S. mutans</i> were recovered, among which 28 (30.4%) were MDR since they were resistant to four or more antibiotics. The highest rate of resistance was observed for tetracycline (30.4%) and least resistance (0%) to teichoplanin and vancomycin while 22.8% and 23.9% of the isolates were resistant to penicillin and amoxicillin, respectively. Chlorhexidine minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for MDR and non-MDR <i> S. mutans</i> varied from 2 to 16 µg ml<sup>−1</sup> and from 0.25 to 1 µg ml<sup>−1</sup> , respectively (<i> P</i> < 0.05). All isolates, MDR and non-MDR of <i> S. mutans</i> were sensitive to garlic extract with the MIC ranging from 4 to 32 mg ml<sup>−1</sup> . Considering <i> in vitro</i> data obtained in the present study, mouthwashes or toothpaste containing optimum concentration of garlic extract could be used for prevention of dental caries
Effect of Date Extract on Growth of Mutans Streptococci, the Most Important Factor of Dental Caries
ABSTRACT:
Introduction & Objective:Dental caries is perhaps the most common bacterial infections in humans and Streptococcus Mutans is one of the most important factors in dental caries. Research has shown that some kind foods have an inhibitory effect on cariogenic factors of Mutans streptococci. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of date extract on growth of Streptococcus Mutans.
Methods & Materials: This experimental study was down at faculty of medicine, Yasuj university of medical sciences with collaborative of microbiology department of Shiraz university of medical sciences in 2005. In an In-vitro study, effect of date extract on growth of Mutans Streptococci was surveyed .After collecting of Streptococcus Mutans from dental caries those were cultured in different medium of date fruit, extract of date fruit and syrup of date with different concentrations.
Results: Following 24 hours, Streptococcus mutans was grown in less concentration of date mediums and its grown was inhibited in more concentrations.
Conclusion: With respect of inhibitory effect of date extract on growth of Streptococcus mutans,it might be introduced that date as a source of food has a preventive effect on dental caries
Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Helicobacter pylori to selected agents by agar dilution method in Shiraz-Iran
Purpose: To assess the pattern of antimicrobial susceptibility profile
of Helicobacter pylori isolates from patients with gastritis,
duodenal ulcer (DU) and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) residing
in Shiraz, Iran. Methods: One hundred and six H. pylori isolates from
patients with gastritis, DU and GERD undergoing endoscopy at our
university hospitals and clinics were analysed for their antimicrobial
susceptibility to metronidazole, clarithromycin, amoxicillin,
co-amoxiclav, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin and furazolidone. The minimum
inhibitory concentrations were determined by agar dilution method.
Results: Overall H. pylori resistance rate was 72.6% to metronidazole,
9.4% to clarithromycin and furazolidone, 20.8% to amoxicillin and 4.7%
to tetracycline and ciprofloxacin. No resistance to co-amoxiclav was
detected among H. pylori isolates. No significant differences between
antimicrobial resistance and clinical outcome were detected.
Conclusions: With regard to the increasing resistance of H. pylori
isolates to various antibiotics, susceptibility testing of H. pylori
isolates prior to the treatment of infection must be performed to
achieve better eradication and to reduce the risk of selection of H.
pylori resistant strains
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Optimizing neuro-oncology imaging: A review of deep learning approaches for glioma imaging
© 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Radiographic assessment with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is widely used to characterize gliomas, which represent 80% of all primary malignant brain tumors. Unfortunately, glioma biology is marked by heterogeneous angiogenesis, cellular proliferation, cellular invasion, and apoptosis. This translates into varying degrees of enhancement, edema, and necrosis, making reliable imaging assessment challenging. Deep learning, a subset of machine learning artificial intelligence, has gained traction as a method, which has seen effective employment in solving image-based problems, including those in medical imaging. This review seeks to summarize current deep learning applications used in the field of glioma detection and outcome prediction and will focus on (1) pre-and post-operative tumor segmentation, (2) genetic characterization of tissue, and (3) prognostication. We demonstrate that deep learning methods of segmenting, characterizing, grading, and predicting survival in gliomas are promising opportunities that may enhance both research and clinical activities