「週末の寝だめ」によって引き起こされる社会的時差ぼけと睡眠負債，自覚症状と生活習慣との関連

〔目的〕　近年，放課後の時間をテレビ，ゲームなどに費やした結果として，身体的な問題を訴える子供たちが増えている。しかし，放課後の過ごし方や睡眠習慣，身体的症状について明らかになっているとは言い難い。本研究では中学生の睡眠状態と自覚症状との関連を検討することにより，良好な睡眠習慣と心身の健康の維持，向上のための健康教育対策に示唆を得ることを目的とした。〔方法〕　調査は，中学生本人が必要に応じて保護者に協力を求めながら記入する自記式質問紙で行った。本研究への参加に同意し，欠損値のない1,013人を最終的な解析対象とした。中学生の放課後から翌日までの過ごし方，睡眠負債，社会的時差ぼけ（SJL），自覚症状との関係を分析した。〔結果〕　放課後の過ごし方は男子と女子で差があり，男子はゲームに，女子は宿題に多くの時間を費やしていた。多くの女子が睡眠負債とSJL を持っていた。自覚症状は，男子と女子の両方で睡眠負債と関連していた。ゲームと宿題は，男子と女子の両方でSJL に影響を与えていた。睡眠負債は，放課後から翌日までの過ごし方の時間を調整した後でも自覚症状と関連していた。〔結論〕　放課後から翌日の過ごし方の違いと，睡眠習慣との関連が示唆された。また，睡眠と自覚症状との関連も示唆された。したがって，中学生に対する健康教育として，睡眠習慣を含む，放課後から翌日までの過ごし方が自覚症状と関連していることを伝える必要がある。［Objective］ In recent years, an increasing number of children have been complaining of physical problems as a consequence of spending after-school time at home on television, games. However, the way children spend their time after school, their sleep habits, and their physical symptoms have not yet been clarified. In the present study, we aimed to determine health education measures that could help maintain good sleeping habits and improve physical and mental health by examining the association between sleep status and subjective symptoms in middle school students.［Methods］ A survey was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire, which was filled out by the middle school students themselves, with seeking their parents for help as necessary. The study subjects consisted of 1,013 students who agreed to participate in the study and had no missing values. We analyzed the relationship between how middle school students spend time after school until the next day, sleep debt, social jet lag （SJL）, and subjective symptoms.［Results］ There was a difference between boys and girls in the time spent after school, with boys spending more time playing games and girls spending more time doing homework. Many girls had sleep debt and SJL. Subjective symptoms were associated with sleep debt in both boys and girls. Gaming and homework influenced SJL in both boys and girls. Sleep debt was associated with subjective symptoms even after adjusting for the time spent after school until the next day.［Conclusions］ The different ways in which time was spent at home after school suggested an association with sleeping habits. It also suggested a relationship between sleep and subjective symptoms. Therefore, as health education for middle school students, it is necessary to convey that the way of spending time after school until the next day, including sleep habits, is related to subjective symptoms

Desirable Learning Attitude of Nursing Students that Faculties Expect before Engaging in Practical Training in Home Nursing − Survey of Practical Training Instructor at Home Nursing Station−

publisher青森　本研究の目的は、看護教員が作成した「在宅看護実習前に学生に身につけさせたい実習態度」について、在宅看護実習を効果的に展開する基礎資料とするため、実習受入先である訪問看護ステーションの実習指導者の認識を明らかにすることである。 　研究方法は、A県内において看護系大学・短大、看護師養成所の在宅看護実習を受け入れている全訪問看護ステーション40ヵ所に勤務する看護師120人を対象に、郵送による無記名自記式質問紙調査を実施し、各態度項目の必要性を4件法で尋ねた。必要性は、「思わない」を1点〜「とても思う」を4点に点数化し、分析を行った。 　調査の結果、いずれの態度項目も平均値が３点以上であることから、実習指導者はこれらの態度に関して必要性が高いと認識していることが示された。また、看護教員と訪問看護ステーションの実習指導者では、必要と認識する実習態度に大差がないことが示された。 　看護において態度は、知識や技術とともに重要な能力とされている。今後は、態度項目に関する学生の認識を調査し、尺度を作成していくとともに、得られた知見を在宅看護実習の教育に反映させていきたいと考えている。 　The purpose of this study is to clarify recognition of clinical practice leader in home nursing station where accepted practical training, which faculty of nursing made out “ Practical training attitude before home nursing practical training for the students” about criterion as basic materials that home nursing practical training is moderately effective developing. Research method carried out self-completed questionnaire by the mail of 120 persons who work in all of the home nursing station of 40 places as nursing, university of nursing, junior college of nursing and school of nursing which are accepting home nursing practical training, and we inquired necessity of each items of attitude about creterion by four-rated scales. The results of this research, it was shown that each items of attitude was indicated over 3 points on average, practical training leader have recognized highly necessity for attitude in this criterion. And it was shown that there was no great difference in practical training attitude recognized with the necessity between faculty of nursing and clinical practice leader in home nursing. Thought attitude is recognized to be an important ability with knowledge and technology in the nursing. In the future, we clarify the attitude and criterion with necessity for students, and it is important that to reflect with the education