Role of LncRNA in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecules that do not have protein coding. They are ubiquitous in the process of transcription and gene regulation. lncRNAs regulation is correlated with many diseases. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disorder and this disease can affect especially joints. Nevertheless, in some patients, RA and inflammation can damage body parts such as the eyes, lungs, skin, heart, and blood vessels. Lots of lncRNAs were confirmed to be correlated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) pathogenesis. Particularly GAPLINC, ZFAS1, PTGS2, and HOTAIR lncRNAs play a role in RA. This chapter will be explained and summarized the relationship between IncRNAs and RA

The Correlation between Changes in Biochemical Parameters and Central Macular Thickness in Patients with Non-Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy

This study aimed at evaluating the correlation between changes in Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and fasting serum lipids, and Central Macular Thickness (CMT) in patients with Non-Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (NPDR). In the current research, both eyes of 68 patients with mild or moderate NPDR, without clinically significant macular edema, were studied. Levels of fasting serum lipids, HbAlc, and CMT were measured during the first visit and at the end of the follow-up period (3 months). For statistical analysis, CMTs of each eye were studied and the correlation of changes was investigated. Additionally, the direction of changes in CMT for each eye was determined, and whether the changes in both eyes were symmetrical was investigated. Out of 68 patients, 24 were male and 44 were female. The mean CMT of all eyes was 290.05 ± 48.90 µm during the first visit and 286.80 ± 37.57 µm on the 3rd month follow-up. The mean HbAlc was 8.71 ± 1.82% at first visit to the hospital and the mean HbAlc was 8.39 ± 1.65% at the final visit. Although the changes in HbA1c and CMT during the follow-up period were statistically insignificant, the correlation of these 2 values was statistically significant (p=0.01). However, amongst l3 patients, the CMTs were asymmetrically changed in each eye during the follow-up period. To the best of the author’s knowledge, this was the first study, which indicated a significant correlation in changes of CMT and HbA1c, even amongst patients with low-grade diabetic retinopathy. Demonstration of asymmetric changes in CMT of each treatment-naive eye of the same patient, during changes in systemic conditions, was another important finding of this study

Yasa, piyasa ve örgüt tiplerinde çeşitlilik: 1981 sonrasında Türkiye'de üniversiteler

Bu çalışmada yasal çerçeveyi toptan değiştirerek yeni zorlayıcı hükümler getiren, bir yandan da piyasalaşmanın yolunu açan bir devlet müdahalesinin, bir örgütsel alandaki örgüt tiplerine, zaman içinde, ne tür etkileri olacağını inceliyoruz. Araştırmamızın görgül zeminini 1980’lerin başında yeni bir rejimin getirildiği Türkiye’deki yükseköğretim alanı oluşturmaktadır. Kümeleme analizi kullanarak elde ettiğimiz bulgular, yeni rejimin alanın yapısını değiştirdiğini ve egemen üniversite tiplerinin ya yeni rejim tarafından, ya da geçmişin getirdikleriyle yeni rejiminin istediklerinin bileştirilmesi veya kısmi değişikliklere uğratılmasıyla şekillendiğini göstermektedir. Örgüt tiplerindeki çeşitlilik ve yoğunlaşma da zaman içinde dalgalı bir seyir izlemiştir. Gözlemlediğimiz bu sonuçlarda da, esas rolü yasa ve alanın tarihsel geçmişinin oynadığı, piyasalaştırmanın etkisinin ise sınırlı kaldığı görülmektedir

VAGINAL HYSTERECTOMY COMPARED TO ABDOMINAL AND LAPAROSCOPIC HYSTERECTOMIES IN PATIENTS WITHOUT UTERINE PROLAPSE

Introduction: Except for the uterine prolapse indication, vaginal hysterectomy has been less popular than abdominal hysterectomy because the latter is considered safer and easier and surgeons often lack sufficient experience on the former. This study aims at comparing a group of patients without prolapse who underwent vaginal hysterectomy to another group of patients who underwent abdominal and laparoscopic hysterectomies with respect to intraoperative and early postoperative complications. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the files of patients who presented to the gynecology outpatient clinic of Ondokuz Mayıs University (OMU), Turkey, between January 2013 and February 2018 and for whom hysterectomy was decided due to benign indications other than uterine prolapse. A total of 105 patients, 35 from each of the groups who underwent abdominal, laparoscopic and vaginal hysterectomies, were included in the study. The vaginal hysterectomy group was compared to the abdominal and laparoscopic hysterectomy patient groups with respect to duration of operation, decrease in hematocrit, blood transfusion, duration of hospitalization, hospital expenses, postoperative pain, wound site infection, and complications of intestine, bladder and ureter. Results: No statistically significant differences were found between the demographic characteristics of the groups. Vaginal hysterectomy was shown to be superior to laparoscopic and abdominal hysterectomies with respect to mean duration of operation (p0.005). Conclusion: The most important factor in choosing a hysterectomy method is the experience of the surgeon. However, vaginal hysterectomy should be the primarily preferred method, if possible, for being more advantageous in many respects

Alternative treatment methods in eyes with pseudophakic cystoid macular edema

Cystoid macular edema is a common cause for unexplained painless vision loss after cataract surgery. Even the pathogenesis of pseudophakic cystoid macular edema (PCME) still remains undefined, it can most frequently occur in eyes with high vasoactive profile, had complicated cataract surgery such as posterior capsule rupture and risk of inflammation. Increased inflammation, ultimately leading to the breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier and cystic accumulation of extracellular intraretinal fluid. The natural history of PCME is spontaneous resolution without any treatment in most of patient, but it may take weeks or months, in addition permanent visual morbidity may occur in some cases. Therefore there is lack of consensus regarding treatment approach for this common ocular condition. In this review treatment alternatives of PCME and its relation with underlying patho-physiologic mechanism are evaluated

Low vision due to persistent Cloquet’s canal

The Cloquet’s canal (CC) is the remnant of the primary vitreous and it disappears in the intrauterine developmental period of an eye. Rarely it can persist in mature eyes and cause low visual acuity. We detected a persistent CC and low visual acuity in a 36 year-old patient. Fundus fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography examinations were completely normal in our case and low visual acuity was directly associated with opacification of the fibrovascular persistent CC tissue. Persistent CC can cause low visual acuity due to directly media opacity effect of fibrovascular tissue without any complication.&nbsp

An experimental study: The effect of self esteem enhancement programme on middle school students' self esteem level

WOS: 000253813900006Background: Self-esteem is essential for all individuals especially for adolescents to obtain social, emotional and mental health. High self esteem is linked to increased academic performance, improved health and productive behaviour and increased social adjustment. Conversly low self esteem is linked to poor academic achievment,loneliness, smoking, substance abuse, depression, suicide and pregnancy. Programs that provide enhancement of self-esteem during adolescent year may be important for preventing poor academic performance, poor health behaviours and subsequent problems of deviant social behaviours. Purpose of the study: The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of self-esteem enhancing programme on middle school students' self esteem level. Method: In this study subjects were selected from Gazi middle school in Antakya, Iskenderun. The Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale (RSE) applied to students to determine self esteem level. To select subject for experimental and control groups, it were considered some criteria such as Rosenberg self esteem total scores, voluntariness, teachers' opinion, and permission of students' parents. Since the subjects groups were not assigned to experimental and control groups randomly, a pretest- posttest quasi experimental design was used. to determine between experimental and control group scores whether significantly differentiated "t" test was used. There was not significant difference between two groups. For the experimental group self esteem enhancing programme as an independent variable was carried out by the school counseller, during 50-70 minutes lasting 8 weeks. During this period the control group has not received any treatment. The Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) tecnique was applied on 13 subjects obtained from experimental and control groups. Results: The results of the study indicated that the group experience based on the self esteem enhancing programme had significant positive effect on middle school students' self esteem level. This is consistent with previous findings that indicated the self esteem enhancing programme had significant effect on experimental group. Recommendations: This study results limited on this sample. Self esteem enhancing programs can apply and reply on different samples. Self esteem needs to be further studied to determine different influencing variables. This enhancing program could be incorporated into everyday curriculum in middle schools

Gingival Tissue Alterations in 2 Patients with Port Wine Stain

Nevus flammeus, which is also known as port-wine stain (PWS), is one of the vascular birthmarks. PWS occurs in 0.3% of the newborns in both genders. It is a capillary vascular malformation, characterized by a pink or red stain and may involve skin, soft tissue and/or bone. There are a very limited number of reports regarding intraoral involvement of PWS. We report 2 female patients with PWS from date of birth. The first patient was an 11-year-old female who applied to our clinics for the treatment of her non-aesthetic and deviated intraoral view and discoloration of her gingiva, and the second patient was a 56-year-old female who applied for the extraction of her wisdom tooth. Extraoral examination in both patients revealed a diffuse PWS on the right side of their face over the cheek, extending from the midline. While the first patient had reddish skin, gingiva on right site her both jaws and lips, the second patient had only her upper jaw and lip. Because of the first patient’ age, the treatment postponed to her 20’, and the second patient did not accept any treatment. PWS is a rare and non-fatal condition; however, the unique appearance of these patients can lead to psychological problems especially in early ages