Identification of Charged Particles by Multiplying Circuit

A pulse multiplying circuit for charged particle identification according to (E+E₀+k·dE/dx)×dE/dx E₀, k : const was made, in which a squaring circuit using eighteen diodes was devised. The E and dE/dx pulses, due to the incidence of charged particles, were given by a semiconductor detector and a proportional counter of gas flow type, respectively. The charged particles of low energies from D+d, T+d, Li+d and Be+d nuclear reactions were sorted by this circuit. A test for carbon ions was also done. The apparent separation ratios were as follows : ρ : τ : α : C≈1 : 2 : 9 : 6

Shift Energies of Characteristic X-rays and Auger Electrons for Ionized Atoms

Shift energies of characteristic X-rays and Auger electrons for several ionized atoms of Z＝6～17 have been computed as a function of the degree of ionization, taking Larkins' Hartree-Fock-Slater calculations for neon (Z＝10) and argon (Z＝18) as standards. A reasonable agreement is seen with the observed shift energies of X-rays for multiply ionized aluminium

Crystal Spectroscopy for Kα X-rays from Silicon Bombarded with Protons and Alpha Particles

An automated Bragg spectrometer in which an organic electron multiplier is employed as an X-ray detector has been designed, and the Kₐ diagram and satellite X-rays from silicon bombarded with hydrogen and helium ions at MeV energies have been analyzed. The procedures of deriving the ionization cross sections from the satellite intensities are described. The multiple KL" ionization cross sections are compared with the theoretical binomial distribution, which means a statistical superposition of single ionizations

Up-regulation of protein serine/threonine phosphatase type 2C during 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-induced monocytic differentiation of leukemic HL-60 cells

AbstractTreatment with 20 nM 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) caused a progressive increase in the activity of Mg2+-dependent protein serine/threonine phosphatase type 2C (PP2C) in subcellular fractions of HL-60 cells, whereas PP2C activity was relatively constant throughout all-trans retinoic acid-induced (1 μM) granulocytic differentiation. The increase in PP2C activity appeared to parallel the 1,25(OH)2D3-induced phenotypic and functional changes in HL-60 cells. Immunoblot and Northern blot analysis indicated that the increase in PP2C activity corresponded to the increased expression of PP2C protein, which was preceded by an increase in the level of mRNA for PP2Cβ. No mRNA for PP2Cα was detected in resting or 1,25(OH)2D3-stimulated HL-60 cells. These results suggest that the increased expression of PP2C is related with the 1,25(OH)2D3-induced monocytic differentiation of HL-60 cells

Improving the Motion Performance for an Intelligent Walking Support Machine by RLS Algorithm

To make the old people and handicapped people move easily by themselves, an omni-directional walking support machine (WSM) has been developed. In our previous study, to improve the motion performance of the WSM, a digital acceleration control method has been developed to deal with the nonlinear friction. However, the design of the digital acceleration controller requires to know the exact plant parameters of the WSM which are variable due to center of gravity (COG) shift and load changes. The change of the plant parameters affects the motion performance of the digital acceleration control system. Therefore, in this paper, a discrete-time system identification method using recursive least squares (RLS) algorithm is proposed to online identify the WSM’s plant parameters for the digital acceleration controller. Simulations are executed and compared with the digital acceleration controller without using RLS algorithm, and the results demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed control method