Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis, central retinal artery occlusion and optic neuropathy: A new association

Purpose: To report a patient with chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) complicated by optic neuropathy and central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO). Observations: CRMO is a noninfectious, inflammatory bone disorder. It is thought to be an autoimmune condition related to an imbalance of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Retinal vasculitis has been reported in a patient with CRMO but not CRAO or optic neuropathy. Conclusions: We expanded the list of ophthalmic involvement of CRMO to include CRAO and optic neuropathy

Citizen science can add value to Phytophthora monitoring: five case studies from western North America

Phytophthora species are plant pathogens responsible for many notable biological invasions in agricultural, forests, and natural ecosystems. Detection and monitoring for invasive introductions of Phytophthora spp. is time and resource intensive. Development of citizen science detection and monitoring programs can aid in these efforts focused on reducing Phythophthora impacts. There are multiple methods for monitoring and detecting Phytophthora invasions suitable for citizen science approaches such as, leaf sampling, stream baiting or soil collections. Here we summarize five active projects in western North America where citizen scientists are aiding the monitoring and research efforts surrounding Phytophthora species and their impacts. Projects varied in scope, scale, methods, and capacity, but each project increased citizen scientists’ abilities for surveillance and advanced detection or knowledge of Phytophthora species. Some projects were integrated with school programs, others involved hands-on training with small groups, and another approach invited mass participation from interested citizens. Overall, all projects had positive outcomes multiplied across education, monitoring, and research. Together these case studies demonstrate how citizen scientists can amplify surveillance efforts, advance baseline knowledge, and reduce the impacts of biological invasions

Orbital Granulomas: A Unique Presentation of B-Cell Immuno-deficiency

Peri-orbital edemaA 62-year old female with bi-lateral peri-orbital edema. Physical exam revealed cervical lymphadenopathy.CTGranulomatous inflammation with macrophages, lymphocytes, plasma cells and multinucleated giant cells of the orbit.IVIGAttache

Acquired Esotropia Due to Arnold-Chiari I Malformation

Diplopia is not frequently associated with Arnold-Chiari I malformation. We reviewed our cases of Arnold-Chiari I malformation in which acquired esotropia with diplopia was the main neuro-ophthalmologic finding early in the clinical course

Acute Ophthalmoplegia Due to Brain-Stem Stroke With False-Negative Diffusion-Weighted Imaging

Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is highly sensitive for the detection of acute ischemic stroke. However false-negative studies may occur

Painful Ophthalmoplegia Following Cataract Extraction

Left ptosis; Left periorbital painA 77-year old male developed peri-orbital pain and III and IV nerve palsies after a left extracapsular cataract extraction with insertion of a posterior chamber lens.N/ACTParasellar massSurgeryN/

Senile Esotropia

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Giant Cell Arteritis: Current Concepts of Immunobiology and Management

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is an inflammatory vasculopathy that preferentially targets medium-sized and large arteries. The aorta, internal carotid artery, and branches of the external carotid artery are the most frequently affected blood vessels. Intracranial blood vessels are generally spared

Non-Myasthenic Orbital Causes of Diplopia

There are a wide range of potential causes of diplopia due 1o orbital disease. Some are related to local orbital pathology, but many are a manifestation of a systemic disorder. Probably the single most important step in patient evaluation is orbital imaging