Digital Supply Chain Management in the Tourism and Hospitality Industry: Trends and Prospects

Abstract— The article discusses the basics of the digital supply chain management, its characteristic features and scope of application are covered. The analysis of a condition of development of digital supply chain management in the world reflecting growth of its share in gross domestic product, and the Russian Federation for which characteristic is the state initiative of advance and development of digital processes, but not business structures is carried out. The role of the Internet of things within digitalization of supply chain management is considered, in this regard the optimistic and conservative forecast of structure of the market of the Internet of things till 2025 is submitted. In work characteristic of information space of the sphere of tourism is given, the digital services and platforms which were widely adopted and succeeded offices of the tourist companies are described. The offered model of the digital platform for the sphere of tourism and hospitality of the Russian Federation «Tourism 4.0» with the description of the principles, characteristic of it, can be provided as a result of a combination of key technological capabilities, namely artificial intelligence, the Internet of things, robotization, voice technologies, a supply chain management. The presented «digital funnel» reflects the place of the tourism and hospitality industry among the participants in the digitalization market. Results of a research allowed to distinguish the factors constraining and keeping development of modern technologies in the industry, to reveal trends and regularities in the short term

Scanning Electron Microscopy Study of Drilling Cuttings in Tomsk Oblast Sites

The research is focused on determining mineralogical composition of drilling cuttings by scanning electron microscope as well as imaging the sample surface of high resolution that allows studying the structural characteristics of the site. In addition, a number of other techniques permit obtaining information on chemical composition of sample in near-surface layers. The study in drilling cuttings by means of scanning microscopy has revealed the presence of titanium, iron, zirconium oxides, iron sulphide, barium sulphate. The former is a mineral that concentrates rare-earth elements, presumably monocyte, as well as uranium silicate, etc. The results obtained confirm the data of previous X-ray structural analysis, i.e. the study samples consist of alumosilicate matrix. Apart from silicon and aluminium oxides, the matrix includes such elements as Na, K, Mg. Such a composition corresponds to rock-forming minerals: quartz, albite, microcline, clinochlore, muscovite, anorthoclase

Training students for intercultural communication in a dynamic world: a challenge in continuing education

The article discusses the problems related to preparing students for intercultural communication within the context of continuing education. The authors develop a set of definitions concerning the process of training students for intercultural communication. Additionally, the current need to review conventional approaches to the preparation of students for intercultural communication vis-à-vis the implementation of novel strategies is highlighted. The primary goal of the research is to establish a repeatable preparation process, which is practice-focused. The range of tasks suggested by the authors reflects the practical application of these strategies. Thus the following aspects have been identified as the most critical drivers: (1) a continuous and practice-focused process which facilitates the preparation for intercultural communication; (2) the use of case-based reasoning for researching and updating the tools and methods within the process of preparation of students for intercultural communication; (3) and a systematic approach to task development within the learning process (e.g., case studies, role plays, mixed interaction, networking, etc.). This method enables the adoption and concurrent adjustment of the teaching practices in order to fulfil the educational goals of diverse intercultural communication programs. Optimized practices and strategies can subsequently be collected, disseminated, and ultimately replicated within other post-secondary settings and contexts

THEORETICAL RESEARCH OF THE REGULATIVE FUNCTION OF A SUBJECT WITH PERSONAL HELPLESSNESS

Актуальность. Интеграция современного человека в контекст стремительных изменений и ускоряющегося темпа жизни обеспечивается наличием у него индивидуальных ресурсов: способности регулировать (контролировать) свое поведение, решать жизненные задачи и преодолевать трудности.Целью данной статьи является установление характера соотношения контроля поведения и личностной беспомощности.Методологией исследования выступают концепции контроля поведения и личностной беспомощности.Результаты. В ходе исследования обнаружены теоретические предпосылки, указывающие на соотношение контроля поведения и личностной беспомощности как структур субъекта и личности. Личностная беспомощность задает особую реализацию субъектности, мерой которой выступает степень активности и саморегуляции. Личностная беспомощность связана с уровнем развития контроля поведения и его индивидуальными характеристиками.Выводы. Личностная беспомощность, представляя собой системное качество, объединяющее особенности когнитивной, мотивационной, эмоциональной и волевой сферы личности, обуславливает особенности индивидуальных ресурсов, на основе которых реализуется регуляция поведения субъекта, в том числе контроль поведения. Учитывая психологическую природу личностной беспомощности, эффективность контроля поведения может быть снижена, реализация психических ресурсов для решения жизненных задач будет затруднена.Relevance. Integration of a modern person into the context of rapid changes and life acceleration is ensured by his individual resources: the ability to regulate (control) personal behavior, complete life tasks and overcome difficulties.The aim of this article is to specify the character of relationship between behavior control and personal helplessness.The methodology of this research contains the concepts of behavior control and personal helplessness.Results. This study revealed theoretical prerequisites indicating a correlation between behavior control and personal helplessness as structures of a subject and personality. Personal helplessness leads to a special realization of personal agency, the measure for which is the degree of activity and self-regulation. Personal helplessness correlates with level of behavior control development and its individual characteristics.Summary. Being a system quality that unites peculiarities of cognitive, motivational, emotional and volitional spheres of a person, helplessness determines peculiarities of individual resources, on the basis of which behavior of a subject is controlled and regulated. Taking into consideration the psychological nature of personal helplessness, behavior control may become less effective; usage of psychological resources in order to complete life tasks will become complicated in this case

Heavy and light mineral association of late Quaternary permafrost deposits in Northeastern Siberia

We studied heavy and light mineral associations from two grain-size fractions (63–125 μm, 125–250 μm) from 18 permafrost sites in the northern Siberian Arctic in order to differentiate local versus regional source areas of permafrost aggradation on the late Quaternary time scale. The stratigraphic context of the studied profiles spans about 200 ka covering the Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 7 to MIS 1. Heavy and light mineral grains are mostly angular, subangular or slightly rounded in the studied permafrost sediments. Only grains from sediments with significantly longer transport distances show higher degrees of rounding. Differences in the varying heavy and light mineral associations represent varying sediment sources, frost weathering processes, transport mechanisms, and postsedimentary soil formation processes of the deposits of distinct cryostratigraphic units. We summarized the results of 1141 microscopic mineral analyses of 486 samples in mean values for the respective cryostratigraphic units. We compared the mineral associations of all 18 sites along the Laptev Sea coast, in the Lena Delta, and on the New Siberian Archipelago to each other and used analysis of variance and cluster analysis to characterize the differences and similarities among mineral associations. The mineral associations of distinct cryostratigraphic units within several studied profiles differ significantly, while others do not. Significant differences between sites as well as between single cryostratigraphic units at an individual site exist in mineral associations, heavy mineral contents, and mineral coefficients. Thus, each study site shows individual, location-specific mineral association. The mineral records originate from multiple locations covering a large spatial range and show that ratios of heavy and light mineral loads remained rather stable over time, including glacial and interglacial periods. This suggests mostly local sediment sources and highlights the importance of sediment reworking under periglacial regimes through time, including for example the formation of MIS 1 thermokarst and thermo-erosional deposits based on remobilized MIS 3 and 2 Yedoma Ice Complex deposits. Based on the diverse mineralogical results our study supports the viewpoint that Yedoma Ice Complex deposits are mainly results of local and polygenetic formations (including local aeolian relocation) superimposed by cryogenic weathering and varying climate conditions rather than exclusive long distance aeolian transport of loess, which would have highly homogenized the deposits across large regions

PROFESSIONAL ORIENTATION COMPUTER TESTING AND COUNSELING STUDYING AS A TOOL FOR INNOVATION HUMAN POTENTIAL OF THE REGION

В статье рассмотрены вопросы применения профориентационного компьютерного тестирования и консультирования при профессиональном самоопределении школьников 8–11-х классов. В качестве средств самопознания и развития личности использовался компьютерный психодиагностический комплекс «Профориентатор». Результаты тестирования использовались в профориентационном консультировании респондентов. Полученные результаты могут являться ключевым моментом в плане построения жизненной траектории развития личности школьника. Для региона это может служить средством для инновационного развития кадрового потенциала.The article examines the application of professional orientation of computer testing and counseling for professional self-determination of students of 8–11 grades. As a means of self-knowledge and personal development to use computer psychodiagnostic complex “Proforientator”. The test results were used in vocational guidance counseling respondents. The results can be a key factor in terms of building the life path of the individual student. For the region, this can serve as a tool for innovative development of human resources

Technology Platforms as an Efficient Tool to Modernize Russia's Economy

There is an urgent need to consider the dynamic development of the global economy from the point of view of its positive impact on competitiveness improvement in national manufacturing industries, and the best ways to modernize the country economy. The purpose of the paper is to provide with perspectives for development of instruments related to technology platforms within the framework of innovation management and adapted to the conditions of Russia's economic reality. The major method in studying this issue is mathematical economic modeling which has made it possible to facilitate expediency in determining a technology platform as an effective innovation control instrument.  The paper considers European and Russian experience in deploying technology platforms, and identifies national features characteristic to the performance of the innovation management instrument.  A mathematical economic model is used for justifying the efficiency of introducing technology platforms into Russian institutional innovation system. The practical significance of results and conclusions is in its ability to improve the mechanisms of developing and implementing federal and regional innovation development programs, development of the innovation infrastructure, stimulation of the innovation activity, use of a set of technology platform instruments by public authorities.  Keywords: technology platforms, innovative development, modernization, triple helix. JEL Classifications: C02, C18, O2

Disruptive Selection of Human Immunostimulatory and Immunosuppressive Genes Both Provokes and Prevents Rheumatoid Arthritis, Respectively, as a Self-Domestication Syndrome

Using our previously published Web service SNP_TATA_Comparator, we conducted a genome-wide study of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within core promoters of 68 human rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-related genes. Using 603 SNPs within 25 genes clinically associated with RA-comorbid disorders, we predicted 84 and 70 candidate SNP markers for overexpression and underexpression of these genes, respectively, among which 58 and 96 candidate SNP markers, respectively, can relieve and worsen RA as if there is a neutral drift toward susceptibility to RA. Similarly, we predicted natural selection toward susceptibility to RA for 8 immunostimulatory genes (e.g., IL9R) and 10 genes most often associated with RA (e.g., NPY). On the contrary, using 25 immunosuppressive genes, we predicted 70 and 109 candidate SNP markers aggravating and relieving RA, respectively (e.g., IL1R2 and TGFB2), suggesting that natural selection can simultaneously additionally yield resistance to RA. We concluded that disruptive natural selection of human immunostimulatory and immunosuppressive genes is concurrently elevating and reducing the risk of RA, respectively. So, we hypothesize that RA in human could be a self-domestication syndrome referring to evolution patterns in domestic animals. We tested this hypothesis by means of public RNA-Seq data on 1740 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of pets vs. wild animals (e.g., dogs vs. wolves). The number of DEGs in the domestic animals corresponding to worsened RA condition in humans was significantly larger than that in the related wild animals (10 vs. 3). Moreover, much less DEGs in the domestic animals were accordant to relieved RA condition in humans than those in the wild animals (1 vs. 8 genes). This indicates that the anthropogenic environment, in contrast to a natural one, affects gene expression across the whole genome (e.g., immunostimulatory and immunosuppressive genes) in a manner that likely contributes to RA. The difference in gene numbers is statistically significant as confirmed by binomial distribution (p < 0.01), Pearson’s χ2 (p < 0.01), and Fisher’s exact test (p < 0.05). This allows us to propose RA as a candidate symptom within a self-domestication syndrome. Such syndrome might be considered as a human’s payment with health for the benefits received during evolution