4,357 research outputs found
A population synthesis study of the luminosity function of hot white dwarfs
We present a coherent and detailed Monte Carlo simulation of the population
of hot white dwarfs. We assess the statistical significance of the hot end of
the white dwarf luminosity function and the role played by the bolometric
corrections of hydrogen-rich white dwarfs at high effective temperatures. We
use the most up-to-date stellar evolutionary models and implement a full
description of the observational selection biases to obtain realistic
simulations of the observed white dwarf population. Our theoretical results are
compared with the luminosity function of hot white dwarfs obtained from the
Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), for both DA and non-DA white dwarfs. We find
that the theoretical results are in excellent agreement with the observational
data for the population of white dwarfs with hydrogen deficient atmospheres
(non-DA white dwarfs). For the population of white dwarfs with hydrogen-rich
atmospheres (white dwarfs of the DA class), our simulations show some
discrepancies with the observations for the brightest luminosity bins. These
discrepancies can be attributed to the way in which the masses of the white
dwarfs contributing to this luminosity bin have been computed, as most of them
have masses smaller than the theoretical lower limit for carbon-oxygen white
dwarfs. We conclude that the way in which the observational luminosity function
of hot white dwarfs is obtained is very sensitive to the particular
implementation of the method used to derive the masses of the sample. We also
provide a revised luminosity function for hot white dwarfs with hydrogen-rich
atmospheres.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in A&
New Pulsating DB White Dwarf Stars from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
We are searching for new He atmosphere white dwarf pulsators (DBVs) based on
the newly found white dwarf stars from the spectra obtained by the Sloan
Digital Sky Survey. DBVs pulsate at hotter temperature ranges than their better
known cousins, the H atmosphere white dwarf pulsators (DAVs or ZZ Ceti stars).
Since the evolution of white dwarf stars is characterized by cooling,
asteroseismological studies of DBVs give us opportunities to study white dwarf
structure at a different evolutionary stage than the DAVs. The hottest DBVs are
thought to have neutrino luminosities exceeding their photon luminosities
(Winget et al. 2004), a quantity measurable through asteroseismology.
Therefore, they can also be used to study neutrino physics in the stellar
interior. So far we have discovered nine new DBVs, doubling the number of
previously known DBVs. Here we report the new pulsators' lightcurves and power
spectra.Comment: 15 pages, 2 figures, 3 tables, ApJ accepte
The Shortest Period Detached Binary White Dwarf System
We identify SDSS J010657.39-100003.3 (hereafter J0106-1000) as the shortest
period detached binary white dwarf (WD) system currently known. We targeted
J0106-1000 as part of our radial velocity program to search for companions
around known extremely low-mass (ELM, ~ 0.2 Msol) WDs using the 6.5m MMT. We
detect peak-to-peak radial velocity variations of 740 km/s with an orbital
period of 39.1 min. The mass function and optical photometry rule out a
main-sequence star companion. Follow-up high-speed photometric observations
obtained at the McDonald 2.1m telescope reveal ellipsoidal variations from the
distorted primary but no eclipses. This is the first example of a tidally
distorted WD. Modeling the lightcurve, we constrain the inclination angle of
the system to be 67 +- 13 deg. J0106-1000 contains a pair of WDs (0.17 Msol
primary + 0.43 Msol invisible secondary) at a separation of 0.32 Rsol. The two
WDs will merge in 37 Myr and most likely form a core He-burning single subdwarf
star. J0106-1000 is the shortest timescale merger system currently known. The
gravitational wave strain from J0106-1000 is at the detection limit of the
Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA). However, accurate ephemeris and
orbital period measurements may enable LISA to detect J0106-1000 above the
Galactic background noise.Comment: MNRAS Letters, in pres
Revisiting the theoretical DBV (V777 Her) instability strip: the MLT theory of convection
We reexamine the theoretical instability domain of pulsating DB white dwarfs
(DBV or V777 Her variables). We performed an extensive -mode nonadiabatic
pulsation analysis of DB evolutionary models considering a wide range of
stellar masses, for which the complete evolutionary stages of their progenitors
from the ZAMS, through the thermally pulsing AGB and born-again phases, the
domain of the PG1159 stars, the hot phase of DO white dwarfs, and then the DB
white dwarf stage have been considered. We explicitly account for the evolution
of the chemical abundance distribution due to time-dependent chemical diffusion
processes. We examine the impact of the different prescriptions of the MLT
theory of convection and the effects of small amounts of H in the almost
He-pure atmospheres of DB stars on the precise location of the theoretical blue
edge of the DBV instability strip.Comment: Proceedings, 16th European White Dwarf Workshop, Barcelona, 200
Intrinsic and Rashba Spin-orbit Interactions in Graphene Sheets
Starting from a microscopic tight-binding model and using second order
perturbation theory, we derive explicit expressions for the intrinsic and
Rashba spin-orbit interaction induced gaps in the Dirac-like low-energy band
structure of an isolated graphene sheet. The Rashba interaction parameter is
first order in the atomic carbon spin-orbit coupling strength and first
order in the external electric field perpendicular to the graphene plane,
whereas the intrinsic spin-orbit interaction which survives at E=0 is second
order in . The spin-orbit terms in the low-energy effective Hamiltonian
have the form proposed recently by Kane and Mele. \textit{Ab initio} electronic
structure calculations were performed as a partial check on the validity of the
tight-binding model.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures; typos corrected, references update
Rethinking professional practice: the logic of competition and the crisis of identity in housing practice
The relationship between professionalism, education and housing practice has become increasingly strained following the introduction of austerity measures and welfare reforms across a range of countries. Focusing on the development of UK housing practice, this article considers how notions of professionalism are being reshaped within the context of welfare retrenchment and how emerging tensions have both affected the identity of housing professionals and impacted on the delivery of training and education programmes. The article analyses the changing knowledge and skills valued in contemporary housing practice and considers how the sector has responded to the challenges of austerity. The central argument is that a dominant logic of competition has culminated in a crisis of identity for the sector. Although the focus of the article is on UK housing practice, the processes identified have a wider relevance for the analysis of housing and welfare delivery in developed economies
The Shortest Period Detached Binary White Dwarf System
We identify SDSS J010657.39-100003.3 (hereafter J0106-1000) as the shortest
period detached binary white dwarf (WD) system currently known. We targeted
J0106-1000 as part of our radial velocity program to search for companions
around known extremely low-mass (ELM, ~ 0.2 Msol) WDs using the 6.5m MMT. We
detect peak-to-peak radial velocity variations of 740 km/s with an orbital
period of 39.1 min. The mass function and optical photometry rule out a
main-sequence star companion. Follow-up high-speed photometric observations
obtained at the McDonald 2.1m telescope reveal ellipsoidal variations from the
distorted primary but no eclipses. This is the first example of a tidally
distorted WD. Modeling the lightcurve, we constrain the inclination angle of
the system to be 67 +- 13 deg. J0106-1000 contains a pair of WDs (0.17 Msol
primary + 0.43 Msol invisible secondary) at a separation of 0.32 Rsol. The two
WDs will merge in 37 Myr and most likely form a core He-burning single subdwarf
star. J0106-1000 is the shortest timescale merger system currently known. The
gravitational wave strain from J0106-1000 is at the detection limit of the
Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA). However, accurate ephemeris and
orbital period measurements may enable LISA to detect J0106-1000 above the
Galactic background noise.Comment: MNRAS Letters, in pres
Seismology Of A Massive Pulsating Hydrogen Atmosphere White Dwarf
We report our observations of the new pulsating hydrogen atmosphere white dwarf SDSS J132350.28+010304.22. We discovered periodic photometric variations in frequency and amplitude that are commensurate with nonradial g-mode pulsations in ZZ Ceti stars. This, along with estimates for the star's temperature and gravity, establishes it as a massive ZZ Ceti star. We used time-series photometric observations with the 4.1 m SOAR Telescope, complemented by contemporary McDonald Observatory 2.1 m data, to discover the photometric variability. The light curve of SDSS J132350.28+010304.22 shows at least nine detectable frequencies. We used these frequencies to make an asteroseismic determination of the total mass and effective temperature of the star: M-star = 0.88 +/- 0.02 M-circle dot and T-eff = 12,100 +/- 140 K. These values are consistent with those derived from the the optical spectra and photometric colors.CNPqFAPERGS/PronexUS National Science Foundation AST-0909107Norman Hackerman Advanced Research Program 003658-0252-2009MICINN grant AYA08-1839/ESPESF EUROCORES Program EuroGENESIS (MICINN grant) EUI2009-04170Generalitat de Catalunya 2009SGR315EU-FEDER fundsAGENCIA through the Programa de Modernizacion Tecnologica BID 1728/OC-ARCONICET PIP 112-200801-00940Astronom
- …