42 research outputs found
Die Nichtvermeidbarkeit von 'Epochisierungen'
Seit Jahrzehnten wird die Brauchbarkeit von Epochenbegriffen immer wieder
infrage gestellt, ohne dass in der Praxis (literatur-)wissenschaftlicher
Arbeit auf sie verzichtet wĂŒrde. So erscheinen sie auch im Titel der
Forschergruppe und in Titeln von Einzelprojekten. Betrachtet man die Kritik an
den Epochenbegriffen etwas nÀher, ergibt sich, dass in der Regel nicht
Epochisierungen generell, sondern spezifische âEinschnitteâ wie derjenige um
1500 infrage gestellt werden. Daneben gibt es unterschiedliche BegrĂŒndungen
fĂŒr die prinzipielle Unhintergehbarkeit von Epochisierungen. Das Working Paper
stellt einige dieser BegrĂŒndungen aus unterschiedlichen Disziplinen zusammen
und leitet daraus ab, dass es nicht um einen Verzicht auf Epochisierungen
gehen kann, sondern darum, wie diese zu konstruieren sind, um kritischen
EinwÀnden zu begegnen
Christian Rivoletti, Ariosto e lâironia della finzione. La ricezione letteraria e figurativa dellâOrlando furioso in Francia, Germania e Italia, Venezia, Marsilio, 2014. 433 Seiten.
Josep Solervicens (ed.): Literatura moderna. Renaixement, Barroc i Il·lustraciĂł (HistĂČria de la Literatura Catalana; IV). Barcelona: EnciclopĂšdia Catalana / Barcino, 2016
Dialectical Topoi
a) Topics and Objectives: Dialectical topoi constitute an essential component
of Aristotelian logic and theory of argumentation (dialectics). These can be
characterized as essential patterns of argumentation which allow us to found
premises which are suited to the establishment of specific theses. Our
research group concentrates on two themes: the first working focus consists of
a precise investigation of the topos-based dialectical logic found in
Aristotle. We are concerned in particular with the dialectical texts contained
in the Organon (Topics, Rhetoric, Sophistical Refutations), and we are
considering their relationship to the formal logic developed in the Prior
Analytics. The second focus of our work is an investigation of the reception
of Aristotelian dialectics in the Renaissance. Occurring in the 16th century
was in intensive reception of the Aristotelian Topics, as suggested by
numerous new translations and commentaries. We are concentrating on the
relationship between veritas/scientia and opinio/probabilitas in the
epistemology of the Renaissance. In particular, we are interested in the
question of how the dialectics and rhetoric of the Renaissance were influenced
by the form and genre of the dialogue, and in the role played in the
Renaissance by the spatial dimension, which is contained both in Aristotleâs
definition of the topos as the »place from which the attack comes«, as well as
in Ciceroâs definition of the locus as the »seat of the argument« (sedes
argumentorum). b) Methods: Relevant passages from the texts of the
Aristotelian Organon are analyzed and set into relationship with one another.
Consulted in particular in interpreting these texts is the inventory of 20th
century theories dealing with logic and argumentation; modern mereological and
topological systems, for example, are used in reconstructing Aristotelian
logic, albeit without overlooking the historical specificity of the problems
that are bound up with these antique texts. c) State of the Discussion: The
group has concluded that Aristotelian formal logic is dependent upon and was
shaped in various ways by topos-based dialectical logic. Aristotelian
predication theory, for example, plays a decisive role for various aspects of
the Aristotelian syllogistic which is contained in the Prior Analytics. Beyond
this, the group has demonstrated that interpretations of the Aristotelian
Topics made an essential contribution to the emergence of a relativistic
epistemology in the Renaissance. The status of opinio/probabilitas in the
Renaissance, for example, was influenced by interpretations of the
Aristotelian concept of endoxon
Lyrik und Fiktion(alitÀt)
Cette contribution se propose de souligner que lâapproche prototypique du discours lyrique dĂ©veloppĂ©e ailleurs ne se fonde pas sur la thĂ©orie des actes de langage (speech acts), mais sur une typologie diffĂ©rentielle de lâĂ©nonciation (speech situation). Dans ce cadre on cherche Ă prĂ©ciser la notion de âfictionnalitĂ© du performatifâ (âPerformativitĂ€tsfiktionâ) pour dĂ©montrer que le discours lyrique ne constitue ni une « assertion rĂ©elle » (« Wirklichkeitsaussage ») au sens de KĂ€te Hamburger ni au sens quâen donne Jonathan Culler, tout en prĂ©supposant que le discours lyrique se rĂ©fĂšre de maniĂšre Ă©vidente et historiquement variable Ă la ârĂ©alitĂ©â. Le procĂ©dĂ© prototypique rĂ©alisant cette âfictionnalitĂ© du performatifâ propre au lyrisme est lâapostrophe au sens rhĂ©torique restreint quâil faut distinguer de lâadresse ânormaleâ au lecteur ou Ă lâauditeur. Pour finir, la premiĂšre des Duineser Elegien (ĂlĂ©gies de Duino) de Rilke sert dâexemple pour prouver la validitĂ© systĂ©matique et analytique de la thĂ©orie proposĂ©e.Auf der Grundlage einer PrĂ€zisierung meines prototypischen Ansatzes zur Bestimmung des lyrischen Diskurses, der nicht auf einer Sprechakt-, sondern einer Sprechsituationstheorie beruht und fĂŒr den die Kategorie der âPerformativitĂ€tsfiktionâ zentral ist, versuche ich in Auseinandersetzung insbesondere mit KĂ€te Hamburger und Jonathan Culler zu zeigen, warum âLyrikâ pragmasemiotisch keine âWirklichkeitsaussageâ sein kann, semantisch in historisch unterschiedlicher Weise aber natĂŒrlich referenzialisierbare Propositionen enthĂ€lt. Als prototypischer Realisationsmodus lyrikspezifischer PerformativitĂ€tsfiktion lĂ€sst sich die Apostrophe ausweisen, sofern man sie nicht als schliche âAnredeâ missversteht, sondern sie von genuinen Anreden an Hörer, Leser usw. unterscheidet. AbschlieĂend wird an Rilkes erster Duineser Elegie das systematische und analysepraktische Potential der Theorie zu belegen versucht.The present article underlines the fact that my prototypical theory of the lyric is not based on the semantics of speech acts, but on the pragmatics of speech situations and tries to make the concept of âfiction of performativityâ more precise. Because of its pragmatic fictionality, lyric discourse is neither âWirklichkeitsaussageâ in the sense of KĂ€te Hamburger, nor does it formulate âassertions about our worldâ as Jonathan Culler puts it, though some sort of reference to the âreal worldâ as semantic and historically variable strategy is self-evident. âApostrophyâ in its difference to ordinary address is shown to be a specific technique in lyric texts in order to realize the âfiction of performativityâ. As an example for the systematic and interpretative validity of the proposed theoretical model the first of Rilkeâs Duineser Elegien is analyzed in some detail