Роль выпускников института природных ресурсов Томского политехнического университета в изучении полигонов захоронения жидких радиоактивных отходов Сибирского химического комбината

Рассмотрена история развития радиогеоэкологических исследований на кафедре гидрогеологии и инженерной геологии и кафедре геофизики института природных ресурсов ТПУ при изучении влияния полигонов захоронения жидких радиоактивных отходов Сибирского химического комбината на геологическую среду. Охарактеризованы основные результаты работ

Model-Based Optimization And Control Of Chromatographic Processes

: This contribution presents an integrated approach to the optimal operation and automatic control of chromatographic separation processes in batch elution mode as well as in continuous SMB operation. The new approach is based on computationally efficient simulation models and combines techniques from mathematical optimization, parameter estimation and control theory. The resulting algorithms were implemented in an industrial standard control system and the capability of the proposed control approach is demonstrated on the separation of fructose and glucose, both in batch and SMB operation mode. Keywords: Chromatographic separation, simulated moving bed, process control, dynamic optimization, parameter estimation. 1. INTRODUCTION Chromatographic separation processes are an emerging technology for the separation of Life Science products, such as pharmaceuticals, food, and fine chemicals. To improve the economic viability, a countercurrent operation is often desirable, but the r..

Determinants of SARS-CoV-2 transmission to guide vaccination strategy in an urban area

Transmission chains within small urban areas (accommodating ∼30 per cent of the European population) greatly contribute to case burden and economic impact during the ongoing coronavirus pandemic and should be a focus for preventive measures to achieve containment. Here, at very high spatio-temporal resolution, we analysed determinants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission in a European urban area, Basel-City (Switzerland). We combined detailed epidemiological, intra-city mobility and socio-economic data sets with whole-genome sequencing during the first SARS-CoV-2 wave. For this, we succeeded in sequencing 44 per cent of all reported cases from Basel-City and performed phylogenetic clustering and compartmental modelling based on the dominating viral variant (B.1-C15324T; 60 per cent of cases) to identify drivers and patterns of transmission. Based on these results we simulated vaccination scenarios and corresponding healthcare system burden (intensive care unit (ICU) occupancy). Transmissions were driven by socio-economically weaker and highly mobile population groups with mostly cryptic transmissions which lacked genetic and identifiable epidemiological links. Amongst more senior population transmission was clustered. Simulated vaccination scenarios assuming 60-90 per cent transmission reduction and 70-90 per cent reduction of severe cases showed that prioritising mobile, socio-economically weaker populations for vaccination would effectively reduce case numbers. However, long-term ICU occupation would also be effectively reduced if senior population groups were prioritised, provided there were no changes in testing and prevention strategies. Reducing SARS-CoV-2 transmission through vaccination strongly depends on the efficacy of the deployed vaccine. A combined strategy of protecting risk groups by extensive testing coupled with vaccination of the drivers of transmission (i.e. highly mobile groups) would be most effective at reducing the spread of SARS-CoV-2 within an urban area.ISSN:2057-157

Determinants of SARS-CoV-2 transmission to guide vaccination strategy in an urban area

Background Transmission chains within small urban areas (accommodating∼30% of the European population) greatly contribute to case burden and economic impact during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, and should be a focus for preventive measures to achieve containment. Here, at very high spatio-temporal resolution, we analysed determinants of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in a European urban area, Basel-City (Switzerland). Methodology. We combined detailed epidemiological, intra-city mobility, and socioeconomic data-sets with whole-genome-sequencing during the first SARS-CoV-2 wave. For this, we succeeded in sequencing 44% of all reported cases from Basel-City and performed phylogenetic clustering and compartmental modelling based on the dominating viral variant (B.1-C15324T; 60% of cases) to identify drivers and patterns of transmission. Based on these results we simulated vaccination scenarios and corresponding healthcare-system burden (intensive-care-unit occupancy). Principal Findings. Transmissions were driven by socioeconomically weaker and highly mobile population groups with mostly cryptic transmissions, whereas amongst more senior population transmission was clustered. Simulated vaccination scenarios assuming 60-90% transmission reduction, and 70-90% reduction of severe cases showed that prioritizing mobile, socioeconomically weaker populations for vaccination would effectively reduce case numbers. However, long-term intensive-care-unit occupation would also be effectively reduced if senior population groups were prioritized, provided there were no changes in testing and prevention strategies. Conclusions. Reducing SARS-CoV-2 transmission through vaccination strongly depends on the efficacy of the deployed vaccine. A combined strategy of protecting risk groups by extensive testing coupled with vaccination of the drivers of transmission (i.e. highly mobile groups) would be most effective at reducing the spread of SARS-CoV-2 within an urban area