Outcome chart.

<p>The expected outcome by the short term predicted risk of death and age. The remaining life expectancy is indicated at the right end of the contours. Colours signify long to short life expectancy: green, > 5 years; light green 4–5 years; yellow, 3–4 years; orange, 2–3 years; red, 1–2 years; dark red, < 1 year).</p

Expected remaining lifetime.

<p>A. Number of patients (95% confidence intervals) in categories defined by the size of the expected outcome in terms of expected remaining life years. Three different scenarios in each category regarding the calculation of post hospital mortality: according to a life table with moderately high long-term mortality (base case), a standard life table (Scenario O), and life table with very high long-term mortality (Scenario P). B. Proportion of patients by type of admission: planned surgical, acute surgical, and medical (base case).</p

Patient characteristics.

<p>Characteristics of all the patients aged 18 years or over admitted to an ICU and registered in the Norwegian Intensive Care Registry in 2008, 2009 and 2010, patients selected for this study and the hospital survivors and non-survivors in the study population.</p><p>Patient characteristics.</p

State transition diagram.

<p>H (alive hospital), D (dead), and S_x (alive at age x, post hospital discharge) represent the health states. PRD is the predicted risk of death during hospitalisation, and p_x is the probability of death at age x derived from the Norwegian life table 2011.</p

Patient selection.

<p>Order of exclusion of patients for the purpose of our study. The source population constitutes all patient records in the National Intensive Care Registry in the years 2008, 2009 and 2010. The numbers refer to patients who were excluded from our analysis.</p

Projected survival.

<p>A. Survival of the modelled ICU population at ICU admission (admission), hospital discharge (hospital) and subsequent years. Three different scenarios of post hospital mortality are illustrated in each time cycle: according to a life table with moderately high long-term mortality (base case), a standard life table (Scenario O), and life table with very high long-term mortality (Scenario P). B. Survival of the modelled ICU population by type of admission (base case).</p

Life years gained from ICU admission in a range from Scenario P to Scenario O.

<p>Average life years gained (95% confidence intervals) from ICU admission vs. hypothetical rejection and care in a general ward across different age groups. Relative risk (RR = 0.8) based on observed mortality in accepted vs. rejected patients in the Eldicus II study.</p><p>Life years gained from ICU admission in a range from Scenario P to Scenario O.</p

Evidence for scaling up HIV treatment in sub-Saharan Africa: A call for incorporating health system constraints

<p>Evidence for scaling up HIV treatment in sub-Saharan Africa: A call for incorporating health system constraints</p