Isoscalar monopole excitations in 16^{16}O: α\alpha-cluster states at low energy and mean-field-type states at higher energy

Isoscalar monopole strength function in $^{16}$O up to $E_{x}\simeq40$ MeV is discussed. We found that the fine structures at the low energy region up to $E_{x} \simeq 16$ MeV in the experimental monopole strength function obtained by the $^{16}$O$(\alpha,\alpha^{\prime})$ reaction can be rather satisfactorily reproduced within the framework of the $4\alpha$ cluster model, while the gross three bump structures observed at the higher energy region ($16 \lesssim E_{x} \lesssim 40$ MeV) look likely to be approximately reconciled by the mean-field calculations such as RPA and QRPA. In this paper, it is emphasized that two different types of monopole excitations exist in $^{16}$O; one is the monopole excitation to cluster states which is dominant in the lower energy part ($E_{x} \lesssim 16$ MeV), and the other is the monopole excitation of the mean-field type such as one-particle one-hole ($1p1h$) which {is attributed} mainly to the higher energy part ($16 \lesssim E_{x} \lesssim 40$ MeV). It is found that this character of the monopole excitations originates from the fact that the ground state of $^{16}$O with the dominant doubly closed shell structure has a duality of the mean-field-type {as well as} $\alpha$-clustering {character}. This dual nature of the ground state seems to be a common feature in light nuclei.Comment: 35 pages, 5 figure

Contact representation of short range correlation in light nuclei studied by the High-Momentum Antisymmetrized Molecular Dynamics

The high-momentum antisymmetrized molecular dynamics (HMAMD) is a new promising framework with significant analytical simplicity and efficiency inherited from its antisymmetrized molecular dynamics in describing the high momentum correlations in various nuclear states. In the aim of further improving the numerical efficiency for the description of nucleon-nucleon correlation, we introduce a new formulation by including a new Gaussian weighted basis of high momentum pairs in the HMAMD wave function, with which very rapid convergence is obtained in numerical calculation. It is surprising that the very high-momentum components in the new HMAMD basis are found to be almost equivalent to the contact representation of the nucleon-nucleon pairs with very small nucleon-nucleon distance. The explicit formulation for the contact term significantly improves the numerical efficiency of the HMAMD method, which shows the importance of the contact correlation in the formulation of light nuclei

Field-Induced Spin Nematic Liquid of the S=1/2S=1/2 Bond-Alternating Chain with the Anisotropy

The $S=1/2$ ferromagnetic-antiferromagnetic bond-alternating spin chain with the anisotropy on the ferromagnetic exchange interaction in magnetic field is investigated using the numerical diagonalization and the density matrix renormalization group analyses. It is found that the nematic-spin-dominant Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid phase is induced by the external magnetic field for sufficiently large anisotropy. The phase diagram with respect to the anisotropy and the magnetization is presented.Comment: to be published in JPS Conf. Pro

Improving Students' Competence in the Thesis Defence Examination (TDE) in Two Universities in Aceh, Indonesia: Case study at Nanggroe University and Syiar University

The Thesis Defence Examination (TDE) is a vital step for students in many countries to complete their degree. The TDE is defined as a class of communicative events; and it is assumed that, to succeed in performing a specific genre, students should understand the elements of the genre and perform appropriately. Although in some countries, such as Australia, the TDE is not commonly practised, in other countries such as the USA, the UK and Indonesia, the TDE is necessary before students can graduate. In Indonesia, the issue of the poor performance of undergraduate students in their TDEs has been raised by academic communities: many students appear to be competent in their general English, but most of them perform poorly in their TDEs. This thesis will discuss this discrepancy and propose a possible solution

Aspectos éticos envolvidos na assistência a idosos dependentes e seus cuidadores

O envelhecimento transforma pessoas ativas e produtivas em vulneráveis e dependentes. Os idosos são responsáveis pela maior freqüência de internações e maior tempo de ocupação de leitos hospitalares no Brasil em relação a outras faixas etárias. Indicadores do IBGE com dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Amostra de Domicílios de 2004 mostram que 73,1% dos brasileiros com mais de 60 anos vivem em domicílios com renda “per capita” de até dois salários mínimos. O Projeto de Extensão Assistência Interdisciplinar ao Idoso em Nível Primário (PAINP) envolve docentes e alunos de diferentes áreas da Universidade Estadual de Londrina(UEL), em ações junto a idosos cadastrados no Programa Saúde da Família (PSF) de uma Unidade Básica de Saúde do município de Londrina. O presente artigo tem como objetivo propor uma reflexão bioética para profissionais e familiares envolvidos no cuidado a idosos dependentes, tendo como cenário algumas ações desenvolvidas no Projeto PAINP tais como visitas domiciliares, reuniões com cuidadores familiares e equipes do PSF. Os dados encontrados são preocupantes e as questões levantadas indicam a necessidade de se ampliar a discussão em seus aspectos éticos com relação ao processo de envelhecimento para que se possa garantir vida mais digna ao idoso dependente em uma sociedade que envelhece rapidamente

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The paper is a report of investigation of the intakes of food and nutrition by the peoples of agricultural and fishing villages in Kagoshima Prefecture. In these areas, they used a large quantity of soybean and small quantities of milk, fruit, vegetables, meat, and fats and oil. The quantity of protein eaten reached to the standard level, but the plant protein was taken at a high rate and the animal protein was insufficient. The intakes of fats, calcium, vitamin A, B_1 and B_2 were small in quantities in comparison with the standard, and vitamin A was remarkably deficient. As a source of nutritional supply, the fishery product was taken at a high percentage in the sea village, and the pulse in the farm village. It was considered that the inveterate custom of taking of Japanese dishes, rice and miso-soup, was still remained. For the purpose of the improvement of dietary life, the intakes of milk, fruit, green vegetables, and fats and oil are liked to be increased in quantities, and it seemed that it is not able to disregard the important questions of foodstuff distribution and economic situation