3,849 research outputs found
Detailed L3 measurements of Bose-Einstein correlations and a region of anti-correlations in hadronic Z^0 decays at LEP
L3 preliminary data of two-particle Bose-Einstein correlations are reported
for hadronic Z^0 decays in e+e- annihilation at LEP. The invariant relative
momentum Q is identified as the eigenvariable of the measured correlation
function. Significant anti-correlations are observed in the Bose-Einstein
correlation function in a broad region of 0.5 - 1.6 GeV with a minimum at Q
close to 0.8 GeV. Absence of Bose-Einstein correlations is demonstrated in the
region above Q >= 1.6 GeV. The effective source size is found to decrease with
increasing value of the transverse mass of the pair, similarly to hadron-hadron
and heavy ion reactions. These feautes and our data are described well by the
non-thermal tau-model, which is based on strong space-time
momentum-correlations.Comment: 5 pages, 1 figure, invited talk at the XXXIXth International
Symposium on Multiparticle Dynamics, Gomel, Belarus, September 200
Fast mode of rotating atoms in one-dimensional lattice rings
We study the rotation of atoms in one-dimensional lattice rings. In
particular, the "fast mode", where the ground state atoms rotate faster than
the stirring rotating the atoms, is studied both analytically and numerically.
The conditions for the transition to the fast mode are found to be very
different from that in continuum rings. We argue that these transition
frequencies remain unchanged for bosonic condensates described in a mean field.
We show that Fermionic interaction and filling factor have a significant effect
on the transition to the fast mode, and Pauli principle may suppress it
altogether.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure
Controlled switching between paramagnetic and diamagnetic Meissner effect in Pb/Co nanocomposites
A hybrid system which consists of a superconducting (SC) Pb film (100 nm
thickness) containing 1 vol% single domain ferromagnetic (FM) Co
particles of mean-size 4.5 nm reveal unusual magnetic properties: (i) a
controlled switching between the usual diamagnetic and the unusual paramagnetic
Meissner effect in field cooling as well as in zero-field cooling experiments
(ii) amplification of the positive magnetization when the sample enters the SC
state below T. These experimental findings can be explained by the
formation of spontaneous vortices and the possible alignment of these vortices
due to the foregoing alignment of the Co particle FM moments by an external
magnetic field.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
Toroidal Carbon Nanotubes with Encapsulated Atomic Metal Loops
Toroidal carbon nanotubes can serve as hosts for encapsulated loops of atomic
metal wires. Such composite structures have been analyzed using density
functional theory for a semiconducting C torus encapsulating chains of
Fe, Au and Cu atoms. The sheathed metal necklaces form a zigzag structure and
drops the HOMO/LUMO bandgap to less than 0.1 eV. The iron composite is
ferromagnetic with a magnetic moment essentially the same as that of bcc iron.
The azimuthal symmetry of these toroidal composites suggests that they may
offer novel elecromagnetic properties not associated with straight,
metal-encapsulated carbon nanotubes.Comment: 6 pages, 9 figure
Low-energy expansion formula for one-dimensional Fokker-Planck and Schr\"odinger equations with asymptotically periodic potentials
We consider one-dimensional Fokker-Planck and Schr\"odinger equations with a
potential which approaches a periodic function at spatial infinity. We extend
the low-energy expansion method, which was introduced in previous papers, to be
applicable to such asymptotically periodic cases. Using this method, we study
the low-energy behavior of the Green function.Comment: author-created, un-copyedited version of an article accepted for
publication in Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretica
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