Expression of dominant negative form of Ets-1 suppresses fibronectin-stimulated cell adhesion and migration through down-regulation of integrin α5 expression in U251 glioma cell line

取得学位 : 博士（医学）, 学位授与番号 : 医博甲第1494号 , 学位授与年月日 : 平成13年10月31日, 学位授与大学 : 金沢大

Enlarged housing space and increased spatial complexity enhance hippocampal neurogenesis but do not increase physical activity in mice

IntroductionEnvironmental enrichment (EE) improves various health outcomes, such as hippocampal neurogenesis, in rodents, which is thought to be caused, in part, by increased physical activity. However, the specific effect of each enrichment component, such as enlarged housing spaces and increased spatial complexity with a variety of objects, on physical activity remains unclear because of methodological limitations in measuring physical activity. We aimed to examine whether enlarged housing spaces and increased spatial complexity increase physical activity in mice using a body-implantable actimeter.MethodsAdult male C57BL/6J mice were assigned to either standard housing or EE groups. The housing environment in the EE mice was gradually enriched by enlarging the housing space and the placement of a variety of objects. Physical activity was measured using a body-implanted actimeter. Hippocampal neurogenesis was immunohistochemically examined.ResultsEnlarged housing spaces and the placement of a variety of objects did not increase physical activity in mice. In contrast, hippocampal neurogenesis was enhanced in the EE mice, suggesting that environmental interventions successfully provided enriched housing conditions for these mice.ConclusionsThese results indicate that enlarged housing spaces and increased spatial complexity do not increase physical activity in mice. Furthermore, we found that EE enhanced hippocampal neurogenesis without increasing activity volume. Besides the current understanding that increasing the amount of physical activity is key to improving hippocampal function, our result suggests that the environment in which physical activity takes place is also a crucial contextual factor in determining the impact of physical activity on hippocampal function

Endoscopic removal of subgaleal hematoma in a 7-year-old patient treated with anticoagulant and antiplatelet agents

Background: Subgaleal hematomas frequently occur in children after head trauma and extend over the cranial sutures. Although conservative treatment suffices in most cases, surgical removal of a subgaleal hematoma is indicated when the patient presents with anemia and headache associated with its progressive enlargement. Copyright:Case Description: We present the case of a 7-year-old boy who was medicated with warfarin and aspirin due to a hypoplastic left ventricle and fell from a rock wherein he hit his head in the frontal region. Although a computed tomography scan of the head revealed no intracranial lesion, an extracranial hematoma was found to extend over the cranial sutures, leading to the diagnosis of subgaleal hematoma. The hematoma continued to grow gradually despite the cessation of warfarin and aspirin therapy immediately after the head trauma. Since the patient\u27s headache and anemia were progressing as the hematoma enlarged, removal of the hematoma was performed 3 days after admission. Endoscopic hematoma removal was planned to enable accurate coagulation of the sites of bleeding and removal of the maximal amount of hematoma through minimal incision. The hematoma was completely removed, and the patient\u27s postoperative course was excellent with alleviation of both the anemia and the headache. No sign of hematoma recurrence could be detected during 2 years follow-up.Conclusion: An angled endoscope can allow visualization of the deep subgaleal space, and this technique enabled direct visualization of the bleeding sites and accurate coagulation to prevent recurrence of hematoma. Endoscopic techniques, such as minimally invasive techniques, can allow sufficient removal of subgaleal hematoma with minimal morbidity, especially in patients such as ours

Symptomatic foramen of Magendie arachnoid cyst in an elderly patient

Background: Arachnoid cysts (ACs) are congenital anomalies of the central nervous system and arise in virtually all locations where the arachnoid membrane exists. Posterior fossa ACs are considered to develop in the posterior aspect of the rhombencephalic roof plate and do not communicate freely with the fourth ventricle or perimedullary subarachnoid space. Although posterior fossa ACs have been reported a number of times, ACs arising from the foramen of Magendie are very rare. Case Description: We report here on a 76-year-old female who presented with progressive gait disturbance. Magnetic resonance imaging of the head showed a large AC in the foramen of Magendie that was compressing the inferior vermis and medial aspects of the cerebellar hemisphere without causing hydrocephalus. Neurological examination revealed cerebellar ataxia without Romberg\u27s sign. A nearly total excision of the cyst was safely performed via a median suboccipital approach. The patient\u27s postoperative course was excellent and her neurological recovery was remarkable. Conclusion: Most cases of ACs located in the foramen of Magendie are reported in children, and it is extremely rare to observe such ACs in the elderly. In fact, to our knowledge, a symptomatic foramen Magendie AC has never been reported previously in an elderly person. Our results indicate that proper surgical intervention can yield highly positive outcomes in such cases

Treatment of primary central nervous system lymphoma with induction of complement-dependent cytotoxicity by intraventricular administration of autologous-serum-supplemented rituximab

医薬保健研究域医学系We describe an immunocompetent 19-year-old man with CD20-positive primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma refractory to chemotherapy and irradiation. After intraventricular administration of rituximab, a chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, supplemented with autologous serum, a remarkable response developed to the CNS parenchymal lymphoma. Cytotoxicity assays showed that untreated patient\u27s serum with rituximab, but not that of heat-inactivated patient\u27s serum with rituximab or rituximab alone, induced potent rituximab-mediated cytotoxicity against tumor cells in the patient\u27s cerebrospinal fluid, suggesting induction of complement-dependent cytotoxicity against CNS lymphoma. © 2006 Japanese Cancer Association

Purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction studies of N-acetylglucosamine-phosphate mutase from Candida albicans

Preliminary X-ray diffraction studies on N-acetylglucosamine-phosphate mutase from C. albicans are reported

Significant Improvement in Chronic Persistent Headaches Caused by Small Rathke Cleft Cysts After Transsphenoidal Surgery

Purpose Rathke cleft cysts (RCC) usually are asymptomatic and can be observed via the use of conservative methods. Some patients with RCCs, however, have severe headaches even if they are small enough to be confined to the sella, and these small RCCs seldom have been discussed. This study presents an investigation into clinical characteristics of small RCCs associated with severe headaches, demonstrating efficacy and safety of endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery (ETSS) to relieve headaches. Methods In this study, 13 patients with small RCCs (maximum diameter <10 mm) who presented with headaches and were treated by ETSS at our institute from 2009 to 2014 were recruited. These RCCs were treated Headache Impact Test-6 (HIT-6) score was calculated both pre- and postoperatively to evaluate headache severity. Results All patients complained of severe headaches, which disturbed their daily life. Most headaches were nonpulsating and localized in the frontal area. Characteristically, 6 patients (46%) experienced severe headaches with sudden onset that continued chronically. HIT-6 score was 64 on average, meaning headaches affected daily life severely. After surgical decompression of the cyst, headache in all of the patients improved dramatically and HIT-6 score decreased significantly to 37, suggesting that headaches were diminished. No newly developed deficiencies of the anterior pituitary lobe function were detected. Postoperative occurrence of diabetes insipidus was found in 2 patients, both of which were transient. No recurring cysts were found. Conclusions Severe headaches can develop from small RCCs. In the present study, ETSS was performed on such patients effectively and safely to relieve their headaches. © 2017 Elsevier Inc.Embargo Period 12 month

Intracranial extension of meibomian gland carcinoma with pagetoid changes

金沢大学附属病院脳神経外科A 41-year-old man presented with exophthalmos and loss of visual acuity. Neuroradiological studies showed a large mass extending from the intraorbital region to the frontal lobe. In addition, it also involved the middle cranial and infratemporal fossae with accompanying skull destruction. The tumor was almost totally removed. The histological diagnosis was sebaceous carcinoma with pagetoid changes. Despite surgery and local irradiation, intracranial metastases were recognized one year later, and the patient underwent total tumor removal and whole-brain irradiation. Although multiple lung metastases were detected one year after the second operation, three years post-surgery he remains free of intracranial tumor recurrence. Sebaceous carcinoma of meibomian gland origin with pagetoid changes is a distinct, highly aggressive clinical entity. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are essential to improve the prognosis of patients with meibomian gland carcinoma with intracranial extension. © 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Midline dural filum of the sellar floor: Its relationship to the septum attachment to the sellar floor and the ossification in the sphenoid sinus

Objectives It is important to identify and maintain a midline orientation during endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery (ETSS) for sellar lesions to prevent critical injury to the internal carotid artery. Therefore, the preoperative neuroradiological assessment of the bony structures in the sphenoid sinus, including the septum attachment to the sellar floor and its surrounding structures, is essential. It has been reported that the midline filum of the sellar dura can function as a useful intraoperative orientation guide during ETSS. However, the relationship between the midline dural filum and the intrasinus bony structures, such as the sellar floor, the intrasinus septation and the ossification, remains unclear and the mechanisms underlying development of the midline dural filum have also not yet been explored. Methods This retrospective study included 160 patients undergoing ETSS to assess both the midline dural filum and the intrasinus bony structures, using video recording reviews. The intrasinus septum and the ossification in the sphenoid sinus were evaluated on the computed tomography images of the bone window. Results A midline dural filum was identified in 66 (41.3%) of 160 patients. Attachment of the septum to the sellar midline was found in 61 (39.4%) of 155 patients, after excluding 5 patients with the conchal type of sphenoid sinus, 55 (90.2%) of 61 patients with a septum on the midline and only 6 (6.4%) of the remaining 94 patients without a septum on the midline had a midline dural filum. The relationship between a midline dural filum and a septum on midline was statistically significant (p < 0.001), regardless of the number of intrasphenoidal septa. In terms of the types of sphenoid sinus, the midline dural filum was predominantly detected in patients where ossification extended over the midline filum. In patients with the sellar type of sphenoid sinus, 49 (36.0%) of 136 had a midline dural filum, meanwhile, 16 (84.2%) of 19 patients with the pre-sellar type (p = 0.039) and all 5 patients (100%) with the choncal type harbored a midline dural filum (p < 0.001). Conclusion This study clearly verified the importance of the midline dural filum in a large series and evaluated the obvious relationship between the midline dural filum and the bony structures on the sellar floor. Our results strongly suggest that, during developing of the midline dural filum, the sellar dura becomes tethered to the bony elements attached to the sellar surface, such as the septum on the midline and the ossification in both the pre-sellar and the conchal type of sphenoid sinus. © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Embargo Period 12 month