Internet Of Things Based Nashik Smart City

IoT (Internet of Things) is an advanced automation and analytics system which exploits networking, sensing, big data, and artificial intelligence technology to deliver complete systems for a product or service. These systems allow greater transparency, control, and performance when applied to any industry or system. IoT systems have applications across industries through their unique flexibility and ability to be suitable in any environment. They enhance data collection, automation, operations, and much more through smart devices and powerful enabling technology. IoT is a technical base behind developing smart city and it acts as a building blocks of the same. IoT helps in improving the quality of life of citizens and transforming cities with the help technological solutions

Survey on Faulty Node Detection and Recovery Algorithm for WSN

In Faulty Node Detection and Recovery Algorithm for WNS critical problems like fault tolerance created. Earlier fault tolerance mechanism consume significant extra energy to detect and recover from the failure or having additional hardware and software resources. .Lifetime of sensor node is enhanced because of using diffusion algorithm combined with the genetic algorithm. When some node get faulty in network then this algorithm is useful to avoid performance related data transfer. Wireless sensor networks are having tendency to fail of sensor, due to the energy depletion, failure of hardware’s, conditions of network environment. We sure that that type of algorithm used then result is replacements of sensor nodes and more reused routing paths. Time for data transfer is depend on active nodes that’s why we detect a routing path with faulty node. Power consumption is affect the hierarchy of active nodes that’s why data is not transferred surely. In this proposed algorithm reduces the rate of data loss by approximately 98.8%, and reduces the rate of energy consumption by approximately 31.1%. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.150310

SPINACIA OLERACEA LINN: A PHARMACOGNOSTIC AND PHARMACOLOGICAL OVERVIEW

ABSTRACT Herbal and natural products of folk medicine have been used for centuries in every culture throughout the world. Scientists and medical professionals have shown increased interest in this field as they recognize the true health benefits of these remedies. "Let food be your medicine and let medicine be your food" was advised by the father of medicine, Hippocrates, over two million ago. It's still true today that "you are what you eat." Spinach is a leafy green vegetable that came originally from south-western Asia and is now grown in most parts of the world. Scientifically it is known as Spincia oleracea Linn. (FamilyChenopodiaceae). Though Spinach is most often used as a food, it has medicinal value as well. Spinach is packed with vitamins such as vitamin C, vitamin A and vitamin E and minerals like magnesium, manganese, iron, calcium and folic acid. Spinach is also a good source of chlorophyll, which is known to aid in digestion. Spinach is also rich in the carotenoids beta-carotene and lutein. It is a good source of the bioflavonoid quercetin with many other flavonoids which exhibits anti-oxidant, antiproliferative, antiinfammatory, antihistaminic, CNS depressant, protection against gamma radiation, hepatoprotective properties in addition to its many other benefits. Spinach is also used to prevent the bone loss associated with osteoporosis and for its anti-inflammatory properties in easing the pain of arthritis. Spinach is good for the heart and circulatory system and has energy-boosting properties. Spinach is truly one of nature's most perfect foods

Functionally relevant microsatellites in sugarcane unigenes

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Unigene sequences constitute a rich source of functionally relevant microsatellites. The present study was undertaken to mine the microsatellites in the available unigene sequences of sugarcane for understanding their constitution in the expressed genic component of its complex polyploid/aneuploid genome, assessing their functional significance <it>in silico</it>, determining the extent of allelic diversity at the microsatellite loci and for evaluating their utility in large-scale genotyping applications in sugarcane.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The average frequency of perfect microsatellite was 1/10.9 kb, while it was 1/44.3 kb for the long and hypervariable class I repeats. GC-rich trinucleotides coding for alanine and the GA-rich dinucleotides were the most abundant microsatellite classes. Out of 15,594 unigenes mined in the study, 767 contained microsatellite repeats and for 672 of these putative functions were determined <it>in silico</it>. The microsatellite repeats were found in the functional domains of proteins encoded by 364 unigenes. Its significance was assessed by establishing the structure-function relationship for the beta-amylase and protein kinase encoding unigenes having repeats in the catalytic domains. A total of 726 allelic variants (7.42 alleles per locus) with different repeat lengths were captured precisely for a set of 47 fluorescent dye labeled primers in 36 sugarcane genotypes and five cereal species using the automated fragment analysis system, which suggested the utility of designed primers for rapid, large-scale and high-throughput genotyping applications in sugarcane. Pair-wise similarity ranging from 0.33 to 0.84 with an average of 0.40 revealed a broad genetic base of the Indian varieties in respect of functionally relevant regions of the large and complex sugarcane genome.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Microsatellite repeats were present in 4.92% of sugarcane unigenes, for most (87.6%) of which functions were determined <it>in silico</it>. High level of allelic diversity in repeats including those present in the functional domains of proteins encoded by the unigenes demonstrated their use in assay of useful variation in the genic component of complex polyploid sugarcane genome.</p

A Review on Kidney Stones &amp; A Patient Satisfaction Survey of an Ayurvedic Brand to Treat Kidney Stones

Objective: Kidney stones or nephrolithiasis, is a common problem worldwide. About 12% of the Indian population is estimated to have kidney stones and out of which 50% may end up with loss of kidney functions. In the first part of this article the pathophysiology of kidney stone, its types, risk factors, signs, symptoms, diagnosis and therapy have been discussed. Furthermore, various therapeutic approaches for kidney stone management are also briefly renewed. Methods: The second part of this article discusses a herbal formulation Ren-Cit® successfully used to treat kidney stone, its usage, composition as well as the actions of each of its medicinal constituents. A survey of patients who used Ren-Cit® has been conducted. Finding: The analysis of this survey revealed that 98% of the patients were suffering from kidney stone. Out of these 78% of the patients had hypertension and diabetes. None of the participants observed any side effects from the usage of Ren-Cit®. A total of 76% patients got relief from kidney stone by using Ren-Cit®. Various types of kidney stones diagnosed in these patients had varied composition, viz.; calcium oxalate stone (52%), calcium phosphate stone (16%), uric acid stone (12%), struvite stone (12%) and cystine stone (8%). Novelty: Ren- Cit® ayurvedic formulation proved to be effective on a wide range and types of kidney Stones. Keywords: Kidney Stone; Urolithiasis; Calcium Oxalate; Uric Acid Stone; Calcium Phosphate; Ren-Cit

Development of genic-SSR markers by deep transcriptome sequencing in pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millspaugh]

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Pigeonpea [<it>Cajanus cajan </it>(L.) Millspaugh], one of the most important food legumes of semi-arid tropical and subtropical regions, has limited genomic resources, particularly expressed sequence based (genic) markers. We report a comprehensive set of validated genic simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers using deep transcriptome sequencing, and its application in genetic diversity analysis and mapping.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>In this study, 43,324 transcriptome shotgun assembly unigene contigs were assembled from 1.696 million 454 GS-FLX sequence reads of separate pooled cDNA libraries prepared from leaf, root, stem and immature seed of two pigeonpea varieties, Asha and UPAS 120. A total of 3,771 genic-SSR loci, excluding homopolymeric and compound repeats, were identified; of which 2,877 PCR primer pairs were designed for marker development. Dinucleotide was the most common repeat motif with a frequency of 60.41%, followed by tri- (34.52%), hexa- (2.62%), tetra- (1.67%) and pentanucleotide (0.76%) repeat motifs. Primers were synthesized and tested for 772 of these loci with repeat lengths of ≥18 bp. Of these, 550 markers were validated for consistent amplification in eight diverse pigeonpea varieties; 71 were found to be polymorphic on agarose gel electrophoresis. Genetic diversity analysis was done on 22 pigeonpea varieties and eight wild species using 20 highly polymorphic genic-SSR markers. The number of alleles at these loci ranged from 4-10 and the polymorphism information content values ranged from 0.46 to 0.72. Neighbor-joining dendrogram showed distinct separation of the different groups of pigeonpea cultivars and wild species. Deep transcriptome sequencing of the two parental lines helped <it>in silico </it>identification of polymorphic genic-SSR loci to facilitate the rapid development of an intra-species reference genetic map, a subset of which was validated for expected allelic segregation in the reference mapping population.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>We developed 550 validated genic-SSR markers in pigeonpea using deep transcriptome sequencing. From these, 20 highly polymorphic markers were used to evaluate the genetic relationship among species of the genus <it>Cajanus</it>. A comprehensive set of genic-SSR markers was developed as an important genomic resource for diversity analysis and genetic mapping in pigeonpea.</p

Patronage and Support: Socio-Cultural Role of Kanheri Caves in the Evolving Interactions

A number of factors were responsible in the evolution of the first state craft in deccan locale. There were bound to be, several regional power centers beyond the main arena of Satvahna power. Their negotiation, complementing and supplementing each others need as well as with limited autonomy, enjoying their peripheral important status. Kanheri caves, specially the epigraphic evidences during Satvahna times, could be the best marker of variety of power specificities within deccan. These inscriptions made references to casts, gotras, communities, gahapaties as well as garini and kutumbini etc. These were all local social cultural forces were playing imperative roles in the larger eco-political ambiance of deccan. It's a kind of multidimensional relationship of mainstream political and cultural process, specially seprated to ecological setting. Surprisingly from these plaethora of inscriptions guilds and Satvahna royal house hold didn't carve out their space. Kanheri caves laid phenomenal role in trade and cultural interactions. The present paper as an attempt to explore socio cultural role of Kanheri caves in these interactions