Fauna macrobentónica del río Meric (Tracia turca): composición de la comunidad en relación a la calidad del agua

Background: Benthic macroinvertebrates are commonly used as indicators of the biological condition of waterbodies. Both the benthic macroinvertebrates and the physicochemical properties of the water provide important information about the pollution of a water environment. Goals: To investigate the relationships between assemblage composition of Oligochaeta (Annelida), Chironomidae (Diptera), and other macroin­vertebrates with physical and chemical water variables in the Meric River, Turkey. Methods: This study was carried out by taking water and benthic samples at 8 stations at monthly intervals in order to determine what macrobenthic fauna exist in the Meric River and what environmental properties affect their distribution. Results: A total of 39 taxa were found and we determined that there is an average of 851 individuals per m2. Also, this study established the first records for Brachiura sowerbyii (Oligochaeta) and Pottashia alternis (Chironomidae) in the Turkish Thrace region. According to Shannon-Wiener index, while it was determined that Meric River has the highest diversity values with H’ = 0.845 at the station 4, the river has the poorest diversity with H’= 0.477 at the station 2. Also, we examined similarities of distribution of Oligochaeta taxa by station and month using the Bray-Curtis index. Accordingly, while stations 6 and 8 were determined to be the most similar to each other, stations 2 and 5 were the least similar. The relationships between Oligochaeta taxa and physical and chemical parameters of water were evaluated using the Spearman Correlation index. As a result, we found that water temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, hydrogen sulfide, calcium, magnesium, phosphate, chlorine, salinity, dissolved oxygen and biological oxygen have positive correlations with some species of Oligochaeta, while nitrate and nitrite have negative correlations with some species of Oligochaeta. Conclusions: We made a number of suggestions for sustainable usage of this river.Antecedentes: Los macroinvertebrados bentónicos se usan comúnmente como indicadores de la condición biológica de los cuerpos de agua. Estos organismos al igual que las propiedades fisicoquímicas del agua, proporcionan información importante sobre la contaminación de un ambiente acuático. Objetivos: Investigar las relaciones entre la composición del ensamblaje de Oligochaeta (Annelida), Chironomidae (Diptera) y otros macroinvertebrados con las variables físicas y químicas del agua en el río Meric, Turquía. Métodos: Se estu­diaron muestras de agua y de bentos, tomadas en 8 estaciones en intervalos mensuales para determinar la fauna macrobentónica del río Meric y las propiedades ambientales que afectan su distribución. Resultados: Se encontraron un total de 39 taxa, con un promedio de 851 individuos por m2. Además las especies: Brachiura sowerbyii (Oligochaeta) y Pottashia alternis (Chironomidae), constituyen los primeros registros en la región de la Tracia turca. Según el índice de Shannon-Wiener, se determinó que el río Meric tiene los valores más altos de diversidad (H’ = 0.845) en la estación 4, y los más bajos (H’ = 0.477), en la estación 2. Además, se examinaron las similitudes de distribución de los taxones de Oligochaeta para las estaciones y los meses utilizando el índice de Bray-Curtis. Las estaciones 6 y 8 se determinaron como las más similares entre sí, por el contrario las esta­ciones 2 y 5 como las más diferentes. Las relaciones entre los taxones de Oligochaeta y los parámetros físicos y químicos del agua se evaluaron utilizando el índice de correlación de Spearman. Como resultado, se observó que la temperatura del agua, el pH, la conductividad eléctrica, el sulfuro de hidrógeno, el calcio, el magnesio, el fosfato, el cloro, la salinidad, el oxígeno disuelto y el oxígeno biológico tienen correlaciones positivas con algunas especies de Oligochaeta, mientras que el nitrato y el nitrito tienen correlaciones negativas con los organismos de ese grupo. Conclusiones: Se hacen sugerencias para el uso sustentable del río

Qualitative and quantitative evaluation of water resources that feed into the National Park Igneada Longoz Forests (Turkish Thrace) by using physico-chemical and biological analyses

In this study, some physico-chemical and biological features of the water resources that feed three alluvial longose groves (are also known as Longoz) which are important wetlands in the National Park Igneada Longoz Forests including a lot of different ecosystems were investigated. In order to assess the water quality, a total of eight running water resources were sampled within four different seasons and two lakes were sampled at dry and wet seasons in 2008-2009. While some water resources were found to have high quality levels for some physico-chemical findings, the results were also supported by using EPT (Ephemeroptera Plecoptera Trichoptera) index. Furthermore, the cluster analysis, correspondenceanalysis, and Pearson correlation index were used to determine the relationships between the data. As a result, although a lot of sampled water resources that feed into the National Park area has been found to have good quality level, it was also observed that the area have been under the negative effects of humans. Therefore, at the end of this study, it was also made some suggestions for sustainable usage of this special area

Saldula amplicollis AT

Saldula amplicollis (Reuter, 1891) Material examined. ASIAN TURKEY: Adana province: Suluhan, Toros Dağları [Mts.], 11.viii.1947, 1 spec., Exp. N. Mus. ČSR, N.N. Vinokurov det. (NMPC). Antalya province: 80 km NE of Antalya, BeŞkonak, Köprülü canyon, 7.ix.1992, 1 ♀, Z. Jindra lgt., P. Kment det. (ZJPC). Ardahan province: Göle env., 1 km E Senemoğlu village (N 40°47.0' E 42°40.5'), 2080 m a.s.l., dry steppe slopes of river valley, 8.vii.2004, 1 ♀, J. Hájek & J. Růžička lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). Bitlis province: Kekliktepe, Tatvan env., KırmızıtaŞ Tepe, mountain area, 1600–2000 m a.s.l., 15.v.2005, 2 ♀♀, Z. Malinka lgt., N.N. Vinokurov det. (NMPC). Erzurum province: ca. 50 km S Erzurum, Hamzalar, hot springs (N39°27' E41°07'), 1935 m a.s.l., 21.vi.2003, 1 ♀, J. Hájek & J. Hotový lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). Hatay province: Nur Dağları [Mts.], Tülek, Uluçınar env., 5.–6.v.2005, Z. Malinka lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). Asian Turkey. Oshanin (1910, as Acanthia (Acanthia) ampiicollis, subsequent incorrect spelling), Oshanin (1912, as Acanthia a.), Lindberg (1922b), Drake & Hoberlandt (1952), Hoberlandt (1952a, revised!), Seidenstücker (1964), Lindskog (1995), Önder et al. (2006); this paper. Turkey (not distinguished). Cobben (1960), Péricart (1990, as revised), Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001). General distribution. Southern Europe, Slovakia, Canary Islands, Morocco, Cyprus, Anatolia, Armenia, Lebanon,? Israel, Syria, Iran,?Kirgizia (Lindskog 1995; Benedek 1970; Protić 1998, 2009). Comment. The specimens from localities ‘Beynam’ and ‘Çamlıdere’ (Hoberlandt 1952a) belong to S. amplicollis (P. Kment revid.); the specimen from ‘Yeniköy’ is currently missing in NMPC. Identification. Cobben (1960), Péricart (1990), Linnavuori & Hosseini (2000), Vinokurov (2004).Published as part of Fent, Meral, Kment, Petr, Çamur-Elipek, Belgin & Kirgiz, Timur, 2011, Annotated catalogue of Enicocephalomorpha, Dipsocoromorpha, Nepomorpha, Gerromorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Turkey, with new records 2856, pp. 1-84 in Zootaxa 2856 (1) on pages 49-50, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2856.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/528671

Hesperocorixa parallela AT

Hesperocorixa parallela (Fieber, 1860) Asian Turkey. Hoberlandt (1952a, H. occulta, misidentification; revised!), Seidenstücker (1959, 1963), Önder et al. (1981), Jansson (1986a, in map as revised), Önder et al. (2006), Kıyak et al. (2007a). Turkey (not distinguished). Nieser & Moubayed (1985), Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001). General distribution. Spain, Italy, Balkan Peninsula, Poland, Ukraine, Transcaucasia, Anatolia, Egypt, Israel, Lebanon, Syria, Iraq, and Iran (Nieser & Moubayed 1985; Jansson 1986a, 1995; Linnavuori & Hosseini 2000; Gogala 2003; Kanyukova 2006). Comment. Omitted from Asian Turkey in Jansson (1995). Identification. Jansson (1986a), Linnavuori & Hosseini (2000), Kanyukova (2006).Published as part of Fent, Meral, Kment, Petr, Çamur-Elipek, Belgin & Kirgiz, Timur, 2011, Annotated catalogue of Enicocephalomorpha, Dipsocoromorpha, Nepomorpha, Gerromorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Turkey, with new records 2856, pp. 1-84 in Zootaxa 2856 (1) on page 18, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2856.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/528671

Saldula fucicola

Saldula fucicola (Sahlberg, 1870) Asian Turkey. Kıyak et al. (2007 a, 2008). General distribution. Eurosiberian species distributed from Norway and Great Britain to north-western China, Mongolia, and Russian Far East, reaching northern Caucasus but missing in southern Europe and Transcaucasia (Lindskog 1995, Vinokurov 2004). Comment. Regarding the distribution of the species, its occurrence in western, central, and southern Anatolia (Antalya, Aydın, Denizli, İsparta, and Muğla provinces) is not probable, and the records by Kıyak et al. (2007 a, 2008) are supposed to be misidentifications. Identification. Cobben (1960), Péricart (1990), Vinokurov (2004).Published as part of Fent, Meral, Kment, Petr, Çamur-Elipek, Belgin & Kirgiz, Timur, 2011, Annotated catalogue of Enicocephalomorpha, Dipsocoromorpha, Nepomorpha, Gerromorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Turkey, with new records 2856, pp. 1-84 in Zootaxa 2856 (1) on page 62, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2856.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/528671

Notonecta (Notonecta) glauca subsp. glauca glauca Linnaeus 1758

Notonecta (Notonecta) glauca glauca Linnaeus, 1758 (Figs. 13–18) Material examined. EUROPEAN TURKEY: Kırklareli province: Babaeski—Lahana village (loc. 9), 2 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀; near Hamam Gölü [lake] (loc. 26), 1 ♀, M. Fent det. (TUET). ASIAN TURKEY: Afyon province: İshaklı [= Sultandağı], 8.ix.1947, 1 ♂ 1 ♀ (Fig. 13), Exp. N. Mus. ČSR lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). Bolu province: Akçaalan env., valley under Abant Gölü [lake], small pool, ca. 1300 m a.s.l., 5.v.2004, 1 spec. (Fig. 14), P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC). Çankırı / Kastamonu provinces: Ilgaz Dagh, Paphlag. [= Ilgaz Dağları], no date, 2 ♂♂ 4 ♀♀ (Figs. 15–17), Staněk lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). Sivas province: Zara env., Tödürge Gölü [lake] (N 39°53' E 37°37'), swamp along the road to university station, 27.vi.2002, 1 ♀ (Fig. 18), P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC). European Turkey. Polhemus (1995e), Aukema (2009); this paper. First exact records from Turkish Thrace. Asian Turkey. Oshanin (1910, including var. marmorea , furcata, maculata), Fahringer (1922, as N. glauca), Poisson (1925, as N. glauca), Hoberlandt (1952a, as N. glauca, revised!), Zincirci (1976), Polhemus (1995e), Önder et al. (2006), Topkara et al. (2009), Dursun (2011); this paper. Turkey (not distinguished). Stichel (1955), Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001). General distribution. Distributed in most of European countries, Morocco, Tunisia, Egypt, and Asia from Cyprus and Anatolia to West Siberia (Transbaikalia), north-western China, and Tajikistan (Polhemus 1995e, Gheit 1995, Carapezza 1997, Protić 1998, Linnavuori & Hosseini 2000, Kanyukova 2006). Comment. The specimens identified as N. glauca hybrida by Hoberlandt (1952a) from ‘Suluhan’ belong in fact to N. maculata, and the one ♀ from ‘Mollafeneri’ to N. meridionalis (P. Kment revised.). Concerning the subspecies identity of the Notonecta described by Zincirci (1976), we assume that the hemelytra colouration agrees rather with nominotypical N. glauca glauca (also E.V. Kanyukova, pers. comm.). See also Comment under N. glauca poissoni. Identification. Kanyukova (1973, 2006), Nieser et al. (1994), Linnavuori & Hosseini (2000), Soós et al. (2009). Identification of some of the Anatolian specimens belonging to the complex of N. glauca glauca, N. glauca poissoni, N. meridionalis, and N. obliqua is especially difficult and the combination of hemelytra colouration and genitalic characters must be investigated. The use of cytological and molecular genetic methods in the future may help to investigate the relationships of the included taxa.Published as part of Fent, Meral, Kment, Petr, Çamur-Elipek, Belgin & Kirgiz, Timur, 2011, Annotated catalogue of Enicocephalomorpha, Dipsocoromorpha, Nepomorpha, Gerromorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Turkey, with new records 2856, pp. 1-84 in Zootaxa 2856 (1) on page 28, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2856.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/528671

Sigara (Subsigara) kervillei AT

Sigara (Subsigara) kervillei (Poisson, 1927) Material examined. ASIAN TURKEY: Afyon province: İshaklı [= Sultandağı], 8.ix.1947, 1 ♂ 4 ♀♀ 1 larva (instar 5), Exp. N. Mus. ČSR lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). Asian Turkey. Poisson (1927, holotype), Gadeau de Kerville (1939, as Sigara (Sigara) Kervillei), Hoberlandt (1952a, as S. albiventris, misidentification), Seidenstücker (1959), Jansson (1986a, in map as revised; 1995), Önder et al. (2006). Turkey (not distinguished). Stichel (1955), Nieser & Moubayed (1985), Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001). General distribution. Endemic species of Anatolia (Jansson 1986a, 1995). Comment. The record of S. albiventris from ‘İŞaklı’ by Hoberlandt (1952a) belong in fact to S. kervillei (P. Kment revid.). Identification. Jansson (1986a).Published as part of Fent, Meral, Kment, Petr, Çamur-Elipek, Belgin & Kirgiz, Timur, 2011, Annotated catalogue of Enicocephalomorpha, Dipsocoromorpha, Nepomorpha, Gerromorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Turkey, with new records 2856, pp. 1-84 in Zootaxa 2856 (1) on page 23, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2856.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/528671

Cryptostemma remanei Josifov 1964

Cryptostemma remanei Josifov, 1964 Asian Turkey. Josifov (1967), Kerzhner (1995b), Heiss & Péricart (2007). Turkey (not distinguished). Önder et al. (2006). Distribution. France, Italy, Bulgaria, Anatolia (Josifov 1967, Kerzhner 1995 b, Heiss & Péricart 2007). Identification. Josifov (1964), Heiss & Péricart (2007).Published as part of Fent, Meral, Kment, Petr, Çamur-Elipek, Belgin & Kirgiz, Timur, 2011, Annotated catalogue of Enicocephalomorpha, Dipsocoromorpha, Nepomorpha, Gerromorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Turkey, with new records 2856, pp. 1-84 in Zootaxa 2856 (1) on page 10, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2856.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/528671

Gerris (Gerris) costae subsp. costae costae (Herrich-Schaeffer 1850

<i>Gerris</i> (<i>Gerris</i>) <i>costae costae</i> (Herrich-Schaeffer, 1850) (Gerridae) <p> <b>Asian Turkey.</b> Hoberlandt (1952a), Önder <i>et al.</i> (2006).</p> <p> <b>Turkey (not distinguished).</b> Kanyukova (1982), Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001).</p> <p> <b>General distribution.</b> The nominotypical subspecies is limited to the Alps (Austria, Germany, Liechtenstein, Slovenia, Switzerland) (Andersen 1995). Contrary to Andersen (1995), there is no reliable record of the species from the Czech Republic (Kment & Smékal 2002).</p> <p> <b>Comment.</b> All the Turkish records belong to <i>Gerris costae fieberi</i>. However, the validity of the subspecies of <i>G. costae</i> was questioned by Damgaard (2006) (see Distribution paragraph of <i>G. costae fieberi</i> above).</p> <p> <b>Identification.</b> Andersen (1994).</p>Published as part of <i>Fent, Meral, Kment, Petr, Çamur-Elipek, Belgin & Kirgiz, Timur, 2011, Annotated catalogue of Enicocephalomorpha, Dipsocoromorpha, Nepomorpha, Gerromorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Turkey, with new records 2856, pp. 1-84 in Zootaxa 2856 (1)</i> on page 61, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2856.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/5286719">http://zenodo.org/record/5286719</a&gt

Hebrus (Hebrus) montanus Kolenati 1857

Hebrus (Hebrus) montanus Kolenati, 1857 Material examined. ASIAN TURKEY: Adana province: Abacılar, 7.viii.1947, 29 ♂♂ 26 ♀♀ 3 larvae, Exp. N. Mus. ČSR lgt., E. Kanyukova det. (NMPC); Adana, 1.–3.viii.1947, 1 ♂ 1 ♀ 2 spec., Exp. N. Mus. ČSR lgt., E. Kanyukova det. (NMPC); Eğner env., Simit Şelalesi [waterfall] (N 37°23'46" E 35°26'32.5"), 191 m a.s.l., shaded sprayed rock next to the waterfall, 9.v.2007, 2 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀, P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC); Pozantı, Toros Dağları [Mts.], 28.vii.1947, 1 spec., Exp. N. Mus. ČSR lgt., E. Kanyukova det. (NMPC); Suluhan, Toros Dağları [Mts.], 10.viii.1947, 1 ♂ 1 ♀ 1 larva, Exp. N. Mus. ČSR lgt., E. Kanyukova det. (NMPC). Antalya province: 80 km NE of Antalya, BeŞkonak, Köprülü canyon, 7.ix.1992, 1 ♂, Z. Jindra lgt., E. Kanyukova det. (ZJPC). Bursa province: Armutlu, 2.vii.1944, 1 ♂, C. Kosswig lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). Çanakkale province: S of Ayvacık (N 39°34'28" E 26°24'04"), 280 m a.s.l., banks of small river, gravel and vegetation, 27.–28.ix.2006, 1 ♀, M. Fikáček lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). Gaziantep province: Alacakilise [= Alaca], 21.viii.1947, 4 ♂♂ 5 ♀♀ 3 larvae, Exp. N. Mus. ČSR lgt., E. Kanyukova det. (NMPC). Mersin province: Kurudere near Arslanköy, 29.iv.–1.v.1994, 1 ♂, P. Průdek & J. Kovalovský lgt., E. Kanyukova det. (ZJPC). Kilis province: Afrin by Musabeyli, 20.viii.1947, 6 ♂♂ 5 ♀♀, Exp. N. Mus. ČSR lgt., E. Kanyukova det. (NMPC). Osmaniye province: Gyaur dag or. [= Gavur Mts. = Nur Mts. = Amanos Mts.; ca. 12 km W of FevzipaŞa], 17.viii.1947, 1 ♂ 7 ♀♀, Exp. N. Mus. ČSR lgt., E. Kanyukova det. (NMPC). Karabük province: 20 km E Karabük, 22.–23.vi.1996, 1 ♀, Z. Malinka lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). Asian Turkey. Hoberlandt (1952a, as H. pusillus and H. pusillus f. rufescens (partim), misidentification), Linnavuori (1953), Andersen (1995), Kment & Jindra (2005), Önder et al. (2006); this paper. Turkey (not distinguished). Stichel (1955), Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001). General distribution. The occurrence of H. montanus was recently confirmed from South European Territory of Russia (Krasnodarsk and Stavropol Regions, Daghestan), Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Iran (Kanyukova 1997, 2006), Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Bulgaria, Anatolia (Ankara province: Kızılçahamam) (Kment & Jindra 2005), France, Greece, Jordan, Lebanon, and Morocco (Kment & Kanyukova 2010). Other previous records from Albania, Macedonia, Romania, Syria (Andersen 1995), Egypt (Andersen 1995, Gadalla & Saleh Ahmad 2005), and Israel (Nieser 1995) require revision. Previous records from Tajikistan and Uzbekistan belong to other species (Kanyukova 1997, 2006). Comment. Kment & Jindra (2005) reidentified the Hoberlandt’s (1952a) record of H. pusillus from the locality ‘Kızılcahamam’ (Ankara province) as H. montanus and added new localities from Bingöl and Gaziantep provinces. Kment & Jindra (2005) further discussed the variability of the remaining Hoberlandt’s (1952a) specimens of H. pusillus: ‘The Turkish H. pusillus differ somewhat from the typical specimens from central Europe. Two distinct Turkish forms could be distinguished, both of them having pale femora (dark brown in H. p. pusillus — see Kanyukova (1997)) and differing from H. montanus in possessing only short hairs on the inner margin of male hind tibiae and in different coloration. One of these ‘forms’ is macropterous, with reddish head and pronotum, ivory legs, and entirely white clavus. It is represented by specimens from Çakıt river near Abacılar, Alacakilise, Armutlu, and Afrin river near Musabeyli (Hoberlandt 1952a). The second form is submacropterous, with dark brown head and pronotum, pale brown legs, and a brown clavus with a large white basal spot, and is represented by specimens from Gyaur dağları [Mts.] (Hoberlandt 1952a). Both ‘forms’ appear to be rather similar to H. p. arabicus Linnavuori, 1971, which has, e.g., the head and pronotum reddish brown, the clavus reddish brown with a milky base, and the antennae and legs yellowish-brown (Linnavuori 1971)’. However, E.V. Kanyukova, who later revised the material, identified all the specimens as H. montanus as well, interpreting the differences merely as colour variation (E.V. Kanyukova, pers. comm.). A taxonomic revision of the H. montanus and H. pusillus populations in Mediterranean and Near East is necessary. Identification. Kanyukova (1997, 2006), Linnavuori & Hosseini (2000).Published as part of Fent, Meral, Kment, Petr, Çamur-Elipek, Belgin & Kirgiz, Timur, 2011, Annotated catalogue of Enicocephalomorpha, Dipsocoromorpha, Nepomorpha, Gerromorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Turkey, with new records 2856, pp. 1-84 in Zootaxa 2856 (1) on pages 34-35, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2856.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/528671