Serum paraoxonase and arylesterase activity and oxidative status in patients with multiple sclerosis

yilmaz, adnan/0000-0001-9769-9791; yilmaz, adnan/0000-0003-4842-1173WOS: 000322500300011PubMed: 23669169The aim of this study was to investigate serum paraoxonase and arylesterase activities, and to determine oxidative status via the measurement of total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS) and the oxidative stress index (OSI) in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Results were compared with data from healthy controls. A total of 60 subjects, including 30 newly diagnosed and untreated patients with RRMS (20 females, 10 males, 18-40 years of age) and 30 healthy controls (20 female, 10 male 20-40 years of age) were enrolled in this study. the oxidative status of the RRMS patients was measured by TOS, TAS and estimation of the OSI was made by a new automated method. Paraoxonase (PON1) and arylesterase activities were measured spectrophotometrically. TAS levels of RRMS patients were significantly lower than that of controls (p 0.05). There was no correlation between serum PON1 activity and OSI in patients with RRMS (p > 0.05). Hypercholesterolemia was not observed in multiple sclerosis patients. in conclusion, although the mechanism underlying the significant reduction of TAS levels of multiple sclerosis patients compared with those of controls is unknown, the results imply that endogenous antioxidants may have been exhausted by increased oxidative stress and we believe that additional antioxidant treatment might be beneficial for these patients. Crown Copyright (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Evaluation of Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness in Patients With Vitamin B12 Deficiency Using Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography

WOS: 000318646600009PubMed: 23317171Purpose: To compare peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thicknesses measured by Cirrus HD optical coherence tomography (OCT) of patients with vitamin B12 deficiency with healthy controls and to evaluate the correlation between the peripapillary RNFL thickness and plasma vitamin B12 levels. Materials and Methods: Forty-five patients (19 male and 26 female) with a diagnosis of vitamin B12 deficiency (patient group) and 45 age-and sex-matched healthy subjects (control group) were consecutively enrolled in this study. Average, temporal, nasal, inferior, and superior quadrant peripapillary RNFL thicknesses of each subject were obtained using the Cirrus HD OCT. Disc area (DA) and rim area (RA), central subfield thickness (CST), cube volume (CV), and cube average thickness (CAT) were also measured. Results: Mean age of each group was 33.1 +/- 6.5 years (range: 21-45 years). Mean plasma vitamin B12 level was 114.8 +/- 34.0 pg/mL in the patient group and was 405.1 +/- 20.0 pg/mL in the control group (p < 0.001). the patient and control groups were similar regarding axial length, plasma folate levels, DA, RA, CST, CV, CAT, and RNFL thicknesses in superior, nasal, and inferior quadrants. However, average RNFL and RNFL in temporal quadrant were significantly thinner in the patient group than in the control group (p = 0.013 and p < 0.001, respectively). in addition, temporal (r = 0.356, p = 0.001) and average (r = 0.212, p = 0.045) peripapillary RNFL thicknesses were correlated with plasma vitamin B12 levels. Conclusion: We have shown that, as in other non-glaucomatous optic neuropathies, temporal quadrant RNFL thickness was thinner in patients with vitamin B12 deficiency and it was correlated with plasma vitamin B12 levels. Further studies are warranted to clarify the clinical relevance of these findings and the effects of vitamin B12 replacement therapy

The Relationship Between Bone Formation and Functional Status in Symptomatic Lumbar Spinal Stenosis

WOS: 000346139300007Objective: the aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between bone formation and functional status in patients with symptomatic lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS). Material and Methods: Sixty patients (range 45 to 65 years) diagnosed with symptomatic lumbar spinal stenosis and 30 age-and gender-matched healthy controls were included in this study. Bone mineral density (BMD) of the subjects included in the study was measured from the lumbar vertebra and proximal femur. Bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, and 24-hour urinary calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) levels were tested to assess bone metabolism. the functional status of patients was evaluated with the modified Oswestry disability index (mODI) and Swiss spinal stenosis questionnaire (SSSQ). Results: the mean age of the patient and control groups was different but not significant. No statistically significant difference was found between the patient and the control groups in bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, and 24-hour urinary Ca and P values. Mean BMD values measured from the lumbar vertebra and proximal femur were significantly lower in patients with LSS. in the patient group, the mean mODI score was 42.28 +/- 3.1. Mean SSSQ pain scale score was 3.34 +/- 0.2, whereas the mean functional status score was 2.35 +/- 0.2. There was no statistically significant relationship of mODI with bone-specific alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin levels. the pain and functional status scales of the SSSQ had no significant correlation with bone-specific alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin. Conclusion: in this study, we determined that LSS has a negative impact on the functional status of patients, does not influence bone metabolism, and decreases BMD

Plasma Homocysteine Levels in Dry Eye Patients

WOS: 000317467300009PubMed: 23132455Purpose: To compare plasma homocysteine levels between patients with dry eye disease and normal control subjects. Methods: Plasma homocysteine (enzyme immunoassay), vitamin B12, and folate levels were determined in 38 patients with dry eye and in 38 controls. Results: Characteristics of the dry eye and control groups were similar. the mean plasma homocysteine level was 16.38 +/- 6.98 mmol/L in the dry eye group and 14.39 +/- 5.11 mu mol/L in the control group (P = 0.10, t test). Hyperhomocysteinemia was present in the 43.9% of the dry eye patients and 33.3% of the controls (P = 0.43, chi(2) test). There were no statistical differences between dry eye and control groups regarding plasma vitamin B12 and folate levels (P = 0.72 and P = 0.69, respectively, t test). Conclusions: Plasma homocysteine levels in dry eye patients may be inadequate to give homocysteine a role in pathogenesis. However, in ocular diseases like glaucoma, plasma homocysteine levels are significantly higher, and associated dry eye disease may cause an additional increase in plasma homocysteine levels

Comparison of hematologic variables and NGAL levels of premenopausal overweight women with and without PCOS

WOS: 000372180000507[No abstract available

Soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor is a novel biomarker predicting acute exacerbation in COPD

BACKGROUND: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory condition, and progresses with acute exacerbations. (AE). During AE, levels of acute phase reactants such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and inflammatory cells in the circulation increase. Soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) levels increase in acute viral and bacterial infections and in diseases involving chronic inflammation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of suPAR in predicting diagnosis of AE of COPD (AE-COPD) and response to treatment. METHODS: The study population consisted of 43 patients diagnosed with AE-COPD and 30 healthy controls. suPAR, CRP, and fibrinogen levels were measured on the first day of hospitalization and on the seventh day of treatment. RESULTS: We found that fibrinogen (P<0.001), CRP (P<0.001), and suPAR (P<0.001) were significantly higher in patients with AE-COPD than in healthy controls. Fibrinogen (P<0.001), CRP (P=0.001), and suPAR (P<0.001) were significantly decreased by the seventh day of treatment. However, the area under receiver operator characteristic curve showed that suPAR is superior to CRP and fibrinogen in distinguishing AE-COPD. There was a correlation between fibrinogen, CRP, and suPAR. However, only fibrinogen was a powerful predictor of suPAR in multiple linear regression. In multiple logistic regression, only suPAR and fibrinogen were strong predictors of AE-COPD (P=0.002 and P=0.014, respectively). Serum suPAR was negatively correlated with forced expiratory volume in 1 second (r=−478, P=0.001). CONCLUSION: suPAR is a marker of acute inflammation. It is well correlated with such inflammation markers as CRP and fibrinogen. suPAR can be used as a predictor of AE-COPD and in monitoring response to treatment

Protective effect of infliximab on methotrexate-induced liver injury in rats: Unexpected drug interaction

Aims: Although methotrexate (mtx) is a widely used agent to treat cancer and inflammatory diseases, its hepatotoxic effect limits for clinical utility. We aimed to investigate whether infliximab (inf), an inhibitor of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) has a protective effect against mtx-induced hepatotoxicity. Materials and Methods: For mtx group, the animals received an intraperitoneal single dose injection of mtx at a dose of 20 mg/kg. For inf group, the animals received an intraperitoneal single dose injection of inf at a dose of 7 mg/kg. For mtx + inf group, the single dose of inf at a dose of 7 mg/kg was given 72 h prior to mtx injection. After 72 h, a single dose of mtx 20 mg/kg was given. All rats were sacrificed 5 days after mtx injection. Results: TNF-α and nitric oxide (NO) levels of mtx group was significantly higher than the control (P < 0.001), inf (P < 0.001) and mtx + inf (P < 0.001) groups. Total score of histological damage was higher in the mtx group when compared with the mtx + inf group. Arginase and carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1 (CPS-1) of mtx group was suppressed in comparison with the control group and was markedly increased in mtx + inf group. Conclusion: Inf may partially prevent mtx-induced hepatic damage in rats. However, the combined usage of mtx and inf increases arginase and CPS-1 enzyme activities and at the same time blocks TNF-α. This combination especially in cancer patients may lead to cancer cell invasion and metastasis

Is resveratrol a potential substitute for leuprolide acetate in experimental endometriosis?

WOS: 000348826200001PubMed: 25462211Objective: Resveratrol, a phytoalexin polyphenol, has anti-angiogenic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory properties. We aimed to compare the anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic effects of resveratrol and leuprolide acetate (LA) in an experimental endometriosis model. Study design: A prospective experimental study was conducted in a University Surgical Research Center. Thirty-three non-pregnant female Sprague-Dawley rats, in which experimental model of endometriosis were surgically induced were randomly divided into four groups. Group 1 was administered 30 mg/kg resveratrol i.m. for 14 days, group 2 was given 1 mg/kg s.c. single dose LA, group 3 was administered both resveratrol and LA, and group 4 had no medication. After two weeks medication rats were sacrificed and size, histopathology and immunreactivity to matrix metalloproteinase (mmp)2, mmp9, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) of the endometriotic implants were evaluated. Plasma and peritoneal fluid levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) were analyzed. Results: the endometriotic implant volumes, histopathological grade and immunreactivity to mmp2, mmp9 and VEGF were significantly reduced (p < 0.001), and plasma and peritoneal fluid levels of IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-alpha were significantly decreased in group 1 and group 2 in comparison to group 3 and group 4 (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Resveratrol alone is a potential agent for the treatment of endometriosis and may be an alternative to LA. in contrast, the combination of LA and resveratrol decreased the anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic effects of each agent. Since resveratrol is widely used as an alternative therapy for a variety of conditions, it can undermine the effectiveness of LA. Therefore, caution should be exercised when used in combination with other agents. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Scientific Research Project UnitRecep Tayyip Erdogan University [2012.106.02.3]This study was funded by Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Scientific Research Project Unit (Project number: 2012.106.02.3)

Soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor is a novel biomarker predicting acute exacerbation in COPD

WOS: 000349372200001PubMed: 25709430Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory condition, and progresses with acute exacerbations. (AE). During AE, levels of acute phase reactants such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and inflammatory cells in the circulation increase. Soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) levels increase in acute viral and bacterial infections and in diseases involving chronic inflammation. the purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of suPAR in predicting diagnosis of AE of COPD (AE-COPD) and response to treatment. Methods: the study population consisted of 43 patients diagnosed with AE-COPD and 30 healthy controls. suPAR, CRP, and fibrinogen levels were measured on the first day of hospitalization and on the seventh day of treatment. Results: We found that fibrinogen (P<0.001), CRP (P<0.001), and suPAR (P<0.001) were significantly higher in patients with AE-COPD than in healthy controls. Fibrinogen (P<0.001), CRP (P=0.001), and suPAR (P<0.001) were significantly decreased by the seventh day of treatment. However, the area under receiver operator characteristic curve showed that suPAR is superior to CRP and fibrinogen in distinguishing AE-COPD. There was a correlation between fibrinogen, CRP, and suPAR. However, only fibrinogen was a powerful predictor of suPAR in multiple linear regression. in multiple logistic regression, only suPAR and fibrinogen were strong predictors of AE-COPD (P=0.002 and P=0.014, respectively). Serum suPAR was negatively correlated with forced expiratory volume in 1 second (r=-478, P=0.001). Conclusion: suPAR is a marker of acute inflammation. It is well correlated with such inflammation markers as CRP and fibrinogen. suPAR can be used as a predictor of AE-COPD and in monitoring response to treatment

The Protective Effect of Adalimumab on Renal Injury in a Model of Abdominal Aorta Cross-Clamping

cure, erkan/0000-0001-7807-135X; Cure, Medine Cumhur/0000-0001-9253-6459WOS: 000376154400002PubMed: 27627553Background. Adalimumab (ADA) is a potent inhibitor of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha). ADA treatment suppresses proinflammatory cytokines, leading to a decrease or inhibition of the inflammatory process. Objectives. the aim of this study was to investigate the possible protective effects of ADA on oxidative stress and cellular damage on rat kidney tissue after ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Material and Methods. A total of 30 male Wistar albino rats were divided into three groups: control, I/R, and I/R plus ADA (I/R + ADA); each group comprised 10 animals. the control group underwent laparotomy without I/R injury. After undergoing laparotomy, I/R groups underwent two hours of infrarenal abdominal aortic cross ligation, which was followed by two hours of reperfusion. ADA (50 mg/kg) was administered as a single dose, intraperitoneally, to the I/R + ADA group, 5 days before I/R. Results. the I/R group's TNF-alpha (1150.9 +/- 145.6 pg/mg protein), IL-1 beta (287.0 +/- 32.4 pg/mg protein) and IL-6 (1085.6 +/- 56.7 pg/mg protein) levels were significantly higher than those of the control (916.1 +/- 88.7 pg/mg protein, + ADA groups (864.2 +/- 169.4 pg/mg protein, p = 0.003; 241.4 +/- 33.4 pg/mg protein, p = 0.010; 987.7 +/- 66.5 pg/mg protein, p = 0.004, respectively). To date, a few histopathological changes have been reported regarding renal I/R injury in rats due to ADA treatment whereas I/R caused severe histopathological injury to kidney tissue. Conclusions. ADA treatment significantly attenuated the severity of kidney I/R injury, inhibiting I/R-induced oxidative stress and renal damage. Because of its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, ADA pretreatment may have protective effects on experimental kidney injuryRTEU Bilimsel Arastirmalar Proje Birimi (BAP)Recep Tayyip Erdogan University [2012.106.03.6]The study was funded from RTEU Bilimsel Arastirmalar Proje Birimi (BAP), project no.: 2012.106.03.6