Soybean Oil Deacidification Using Membrane Separation and Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

103 p.Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2003.A model oil consisting of soybean oil triacylgycerols (TAGS) and added free fatty acids (FFA as oleic acid) was used. An evaluation of the solubility of soybean oil, oleic acid and linoleic acid in supercritical carbon dioxide provided the appropriate temperature and pressure conditions to use for the membrane separation. Data obtained from the solubility tests showed the best operational conditions in terms of temperature and pressure 45°C and 306 atm, respectively.U of I OnlyRestricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETD

Geochemical survey of the Nyamyumba and Bugarama hot springs in the western province of Rwanda

The focus of the current study was to investigate the presence of selected trace metals (Pb, Cd, Mn, Ni, and Cu) and to determine the major cation and anion levels in Nyamyumba and Bugarama hot springs in the Western Province of Rwanda. The trace metals were determined using micro plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. The mean Cu concentrations in Nyamyumba and Bugarama were found to be 0.1 mg/L and were within the permissible limits of the World Health Organization (WHO) for potable water. Similarly, Mn concentrations were within acceptable WHO limits with mean concentrations being 0.04±0.02 and 0.11±0.03 mg/L in Nyamyumba and Bugarama, respectively. The lead concentration was found to be above the WHO limits with mean results of 0.01±0.001 and 0.013±0.01 mg/L in Nyamyumba and Bugarama, respectively. The mean concentration of cadmium was 0.01 mg/L in both sampling sites, which is observed to be above the allowed WHO limit. Nickel, on the other hand, was found to be below the detection limit. The fluoride concentration was determined using the SPADNS Ultra Violet Spectroscopic (UV-VIS) method and its mean levels were found to be 1.07±0.05 and 0.85±0.07 mg/L in Nyamyumba and Bugarama, correspondingly, which is within the acceptable limit of the WHO. Due to the potential pollution trends identified in this study, it is recommended that biosorption remediation techniques be applied for potable and therapeutic water usage to reduce the levels of Pb and Cd, which can have serious etiological risks to both flora and fauna due to possible trace metal bioaccumulation