明日の介護を考える

21世紀の日本は,超高齢社会に突入しようとしている。そこには,いくつかの問題があるが,その一つが介護の問題である。人生が長くなった分だけ超高齢期を病弱に過ごす人も多くなり,まさに病弱長命時代である。介護は避けて通れない問題である。介護の問題は,自分たちの利害に直結する問題であるということを,まず認識する必要がある。高齢者観を見直し,介護に対する国民,行政それぞれの意識改革も必要である。福祉先進国を参考に,日本の介護保険体制を如何に整備すべきかを考えてみた。Japan will be a country with super-aging population in 21st century and there will be many problems to be solved. Especially, of the biggest problems to be solved will be how to take care of the aging population, bacause the vast increase of the sick senior citizens has been predicted. In this paper, I examine the status quo of the home-care nursing system in this country and propose a new desiable home-care nursing system to cope with the problem

All APOBEC3 family proteins differentially inhibit LINE-1 retrotransposition

Approximately 17% of the human genome is comprised of long interspersed nuclear element 1 (LINE-1, L1) non-LTR retrotransposons. L1 retrotransposition is known to be the cause of several genetic diseases, such as hemophilia A, Duchene muscular dystrophy, and so on. The L1 retroelements are also able to cause colon cancer, suggesting that L1 transposition could occur not only in germ cells, but also in somatic cells if innate immunity would not function appropriately. The mechanisms of L1 transposition restriction in the normal cells, however, are not fully defined. We here show that antiretroviral innate proteins, human APOBEC3 (hA3) family members, from hA3A to hA3H, differentially reduce the level of L1 retrotransposition that does not correlate either with antiviral activity against Vif-deficient HIV-1 and murine leukemia virus, or with patterns of subcellular localization. Importantly, hA3G protein inhibits L1 retrotransposition, in striking contrast to the recent reports. Inhibitory effect of hA3 family members on L1 transposition might not be due to deaminase activity, but due to novel mechanism(s). Thus, we conclude that all hA3 proteins act to differentially suppress uncontrolled transposition of L1 elements

長野県のPPKの分析 : 高齢者の生活実態調査・茅野市・大鹿村をみる

Most of the senior citizens hope to be getting old healthily and die naturally without any pains. All aged persons wish this not only in Japan, but all over the world. These wishes are not for them personally but for the societies, because to be getting old healthily can reduce the medical expenditures for them, the burdens of the people taking care of their daily lives, and number of the female workers leaving or giving up their own jobs for taking care of the senior citizens. In this survey, I wanted to get the information about "PPK Campaign" in detail in Nagano Pref. Before doing this survey, I questioned myself why there had been so different regions where for many healthy aged lived and worked after their retirements, and on the other hand, regions where few healthy aged lived and worked, in this country. At that time, I got the information about PPK campaign titled "Looking for Healthy Japan 21", under which the community drived the campaign for the public health program, many healthy senior citizens lived and worked even in agriculture, and young volunteers regionally support them to enjoy their healthy and indispensable daily lives. I visited Chino-shi, and Ooshika-mura in Nagano Pref. for surveying the real lives of the aged. This survey is the first report on them and I\u27 11 follow the subject in the future

Resting CD4+ T Cells with CD38+CD62L+ Produce Interleukin-4 Which Contributes to Enhanced Replication of T-Tropic Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1

AbstractA significant increase in the CD38+ population among T lymphocytes has been observed in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected carriers. We previously reported a higher replication rate of T-tropic HIV-1 in the CD4+CD38+CD62L+ than CD38− subset under conditions of mitogen stimulation after infection. Here, we revealed a similarly high susceptibility in the CD38+ subset on culture with conditioned medium containing Th2 cytokine, interleukin (IL)-4 that was produced endogenously from this subset on stimulation with mitogen or anti-CD3 antibody for 3 days. The contribution of IL-4 to the upregulated production of virus in the CD38+ subset was confirmed by culture of this subset with recombinant human IL-4. In contrast, the rate of replication in the CD38− subset was not augmented in the conditioned medium from either subset or with IL-4. However, there were no differences in the surface expression of IL-4 receptor or HIV-1 receptors CD4 and CXCR4 between the two subsets. Thus, the CD4+CD38+CD62L+ subset comprises a specific cell population secreting endogenous Th2 cytokine that contributes to the efficient production of T-tropic HIV-1 through upregulation at a certain stage of the viral life cycle, probably after the adsorption step

アクティブ・ライフを考える : 生涯学習の必要性

急速に伸展する日本の高齢社会を活あるものとするために,現在活躍中の後期高齢者の実像と生きがいを調査。そこから,生涯学習,老年学の重要性を引き出し研究したものである

痴呆性高齢者と家族ケア

According to 9/15/02 estimete by General Affairs Ministry, the number of ageing population(aged 65 and over) has reached to 23,620,000 this year and increased 780,000 from last year. As the ageingpopulation grows, there must be the increase of the ageing suffering from "senile dementia" in Japan. However, there have never been established the remedy for "senile dementia" and for taking care of those ageing population. It is really serious problems for their families to take care of the ageing with "senile dementia" in their homes. Under these circumstances, I studied the current situation about the ageing population suffered from "senile dementia" and observed the families\u27 activities for taking care of those ageing people. I concluded as follows ; The family who takes care of the "dementia" patient should study the right knowledge about "senile dementia" and take care of them very patiently and with the warmest heart. In addition, neighboring society has to cooperate with the family and consider to support them as much as possible

自己主張と自己抑制 : 乳幼児期における保育のあり方

It would be the most important practice that we should raise and educate the infants by giving them "Self-control"decipline, both of which seems to be very inconsistent between them. "Self-confidence"creates the infants how to think and act by themselves and how to be independent from others, especially from their parents and friends. On the other hands, "self-control" gives them the kinder considerations to others by forcing them to control "Mefirst" sentiments of them. To teach and give the infants the discipline that "Right thing is right, and wrong thing is wrong" is essential for them to be good citizens. Thus, in this study, I discuss the "Self-confidence" and "Self-control" disciplines for raising and educating in the earlier stage of the infants