42,555 research outputs found
Constructive counterexamples to additivity of minimum output R\'enyi entropy of quantum channels for all p>2
We present a constructive example of violation of additivity of minimum
output R\'enyi entropy for each p>2. The example is provided by antisymmetric
subspace of a suitable dimension. We discuss possibility of extension of the
result to go beyond p>2 and obtain additivity for p=0 for a class of
entanglement breaking channels.Comment: 4 pages; a reference adde
Hopf algebras and characters of classical groups
Schur functions provide an integral basis of the ring of symmetric functions.
It is shown that this ring has a natural Hopf algebra structure by identifying
the appropriate product, coproduct, unit, counit and antipode, and their
properties. Characters of covariant tensor irreducible representations of the
classical groups GL(n), O(n) and Sp(n) are then expressed in terms of Schur
functions, and the Hopf algebra is exploited in the determination of
group-subgroup branching rules and the decomposition of tensor products. The
analysis is carried out in terms of n-independent universal characters. The
corresponding rings, CharGL, CharO and CharSp, of universal characters each
have their own natural Hopf algebra structure. The appropriate product,
coproduct, unit, counit and antipode are identified in each case.Comment: 9 pages. Uses jpconf.cls and jpconf11.clo. Presented by RCK at
SSPCM'07, Myczkowce, Poland, Sept 200
Age structure, dispersion and diet of a population of stoats (Mustela erminea) in southern Fiordland during the decline phase of the beechmast cycle
The dispersion, age structure and diet of stoats (Mustela erminea) in beech forest in the Borland and Grebe Valleys, Fiordland National Park, were examined during December and January 2000/01, 20 months after a heavy seed-fall in 1999. Thirty trap stations were set along a 38-km transect through almost continuous beech forest, at least 1 km apart. Mice were very scarce (nights, C/100TN) along two standard index lines placed at either end of the transect, compared with November 1999 (>60/100TN), but mice were detected (from footprints in stoat tunnels) along an 8 km central section of the transect (stations 14-22). Live trapping with one trap per station (total 317.5 trap nights) in December 2000 caught 2 female and 23 male stoats, of which 10 (including both females) were radio collared. The minimum range lengths of the two females along the transect represented by the trap line were 2.2 and 6.0 km; those of eight radio-tracked males averaged 2.9 ± 1.7 km. Stations 14-22 tended to be visited more often, by more marked individual stoats, than the other 21 stations.
Fenn trapping at the same 30 sites, but with multiple traps per station (1333.5 trap nights), in late January 2001 collected carcasses of 35 males and 28 females (including 12 of the marked live-trapped ones). Another two marked males were recovered dead. The stoat population showed no sign of chronic nutritional stress (average fat reserve index = 2.8 on a scale of 1-4 where 4 = highest fat content); and only one of 63 guts analysed was empty. Nevertheless, all 76 stoats handled were adults with 1-3 cementum annuli in their teeth, showing that reproduction had failed that season. Prey categories recorded in descending frequency of occurrence were birds, carabid beetle (ground beetle), weta, possum, rat, and mouse. The frequencies of occurrence of mice and birds in the diet of these stoats (10% and 48%, respectively) were quite different from those in stoats collected in Pig Creek, a tributary of the Borland River (87%, 5%), 12 months previously when mice were still abundant. Five of the six stoat guts containing mice were collected within 1 km of stations 14-22
X-ray photoemission spectroscopy determination of the InN/yttria stabilized cubic-zirconia valence band offset
The valence band offset of wurtzite InN(0001)/yttria stabilized cubic-zirconia (YSZ)(111) heterojunctions is determined by x-ray photoemission spectroscopy to be 1.19±0.17 eV giving a conduction band offset of 3.06±0.20 eV. Consequently, a type-I heterojunction forms between InN and YSZ in the straddling arrangement. The low lattice mismatch and high band offsets suggest potential for use of YSZ as a gate dielectric in high-frequency InN-based electronic devices
Quantifying electronic correlation strength in a complex oxide: a combined DMFT and ARPES study of LaNiO
The electronic correlation strength is a basic quantity that characterizes
the physical properties of materials such as transition metal oxides.
Determining correlation strengths requires both precise definitions and a
careful comparison between experiment and theory. In this paper we define the
correlation strength via the magnitude of the electron self-energy near the
Fermi level. For the case of LaNiO, we obtain both the experimental and
theoretical mass enhancements by considering high resolution
angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) measurements and density
functional + dynamical mean field theory (DFT + DMFT) calculations. We use
valence-band photoemission data to constrain the free parameters in the theory,
and demonstrate a quantitative agreement between the experiment and theory when
both the realistic crystal structure and strong electronic correlations are
taken into account. These results provide a benchmark for the accuracy of the
DFT+DMFT theoretical approach, and can serve as a test case when considering
other complex materials. By establishing the level of accuracy of the theory,
this work also will enable better quantitative predictions when engineering new
emergent properties in nickelate heterostructures.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figure
Bandgap and effective mass of epitaxial cadmium oxide
The bandgap and band-edge effective mass of single crystal cadmium oxide, epitaxially grown by metal-organic vapor-phase epitaxy, are determined from infrared reflectivity, ultraviolet/visible absorption, and Hall effect measurements. Analysis and simulation of the optical data, including effects of band nonparabolicity, Moss-Burstein band filling and bandgap renormalization, reveal room temperature bandgap and band-edge effective mass values of 2.16±0.02 eV and 0.21±0.01m0 respectively
Two tails in NGC 3656, and the major merger origin of shell and minor axis dust lane ellipticals
I report on the discovery of two faint (~ 26.8 Rmag/arcsec^2) tidal tails
around the shell elliptical NGC 3656 (Arp 155). This galaxy had previously been
interpreted as a case of accretion, or minor merger. The two tidal tails are
inconsistent with a minor merger, and point instead to a disk-disk major merger
origin. NGC 3656 extends Toomre's merger sequence toward normal elliptical
galaxies, and hints at a major merger origin for shells and minor-axis dust
lanes. A dwarf galaxy lies at the tip of one of the tidal tails. A prominent
shell, which shows sharp azymuthal color discontinuities, belongs to a rotating
dynamical component of young stars which includes the inner dust lane.Comment: 9 pages, 2 plates, 1 figure, uses aaspp.sty, accepted for publication
in The Astrophysical Journal Letters. Files also available by anonymous ftp
at ftp.iac.es, directory ./pub/balcell
Ortho-para transition rate in -molecular hydrogen and the proton's induced pseudoscalar coupling
We report a measurement of the ortho-para transition rate in the pp
molecule. The experiment was conducted at TRIUMF via the measurement of the
time dependence of the 5.2 MeV neutrons from muon capture in liquid hydrogen.
The measurement yielded an ortho-para rate s that is substantially larger than the
earlier result of Bardin {\it et al.} We discuss the striking implications for
the proton's induced pseudoscalar coupling .Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. Let
Modulation of endoglin expression in islets of langerhans by VEGF reveals a novel regulator of islet endothelial cell function
BACKGROUND: Endoglin/CD105 is an auxiliary receptor for transforming growth factor-ÎČ with established roles in vascular remodelling. It has recently been shown that heterozygous endoglin deficiency in mice decreases insulin secretion in an animal model of obesity, highlighting a potential role for endoglin in the regulation of islet function. We have previously identified two different populations of endoglin expressing cells in human and mouse islets which are: (i) endothelial cells (ECs) and (ii) islet mesenchymal stromal cells. The contribution of islet EC endoglin expression to islet development and sensitivity to VEGF is unknown and is the focus of this study. RESULTS: In vitro culture of mouse islets with VEGF164 for 48Â h increased endoglin mRNA levels above untreated controls but VEGF did not modulate VEGFR2, CD31 or CD34 mRNA expression or islet viability. Removal of EC-endoglin expression in vivo reduced islet EC area but had no apparent effect on islet size or architecture. CONCLUSION: EC-specific endoglin expression in islets is sensitive to VEGF and plays partial roles in driving islet vascular development, however such regulation appears to be distinct to mechanisms required to modulate islet viability and size
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