Stencil: a descriptive bibliography

This bibliography lists and describes books, articles, papers, manuscripts and other works that deal with stencil letters or the stencilling of texts, or incorporate substantial or specific remarks on these topics. Several key sources relating to other kinds of stencil work are also included, as are supplemental listings of exhibitions and notable collections of artefacts. The main part of the bibliography is arranged in chronological sections. An introduction to each section highlights developments in how stencil work was discussed during that period; individual entries that follow are arranged alphabetically by author. Each entry is briefly summarised and cross-referenced to other entries where appropriate

Eminents observed: a century of writing, lettering, type and typography at the Central School, London

This study surveys teachers of formal writing, lettering, type and typography at the Central School, London, from its early years until the 1990s. Featured individuals include Emery Walker, W. R. Lethaby, Edward Johnston, J. H. Mason, Graily Hewitt, Nicolete Gray and Nicholas Biddulph. The study constructs a continuous ‘lineage’ of teaching in these areas, by these individuals, in part through the consideration, analysis and interpretation of the ‘forms’ this teaching took, whether as illustrated lectures, published works, graphic and typographic practice, or as an archive of exemplars. In addition to its historical concerns, the study provides context for the ‘Typeform dialogues’ CD interactive interface (presented elsewhere in the published PDF document), whose editorial conception and design was informed by the lineage and tradition of teaching the study addresses

Patents progress: the Adjustable Stencil

Traces the evolution of the ‘Adjustable Stencil’ through nineteenth-century patents, stencil artefacts and promotional material, focusing on the work of S. W. Reese, C. H. Hanson and O. G. Bryant

Ten Things You Should Know About Water Before Going to High School: Incorporating Local Water-Resources Issues Into the Albuquerque, New Mexico Public School System Science Curriculum

The desert southwest, including New Mexico (NM), has some of the most diverse water-resources issues in the country, ranging from severe drought to sustainability concerns to interstate compact violations. Water conservation is rapidly becoming an integral component in water-resources management, yet some middle-school (MS) students in Albuquerque, New Mexico do not know the definition of water conservation, let alone where their water comes from. This is disturbing, as todays students will be making tomorrow\u27s decisions regarding our water. Therefore, science teachers need to ensure these crucial concepts get incorporated into the curriculum, beginning at an early age. The purpose of this quantitative study is to assess the basic water knowledge of the following population samples: middle-school science students, prospective middle-school science teachers, and current middle-school science teachers, by utilizing surveying and statistical methods to collect and interpret the survey data. The study sites where the surveying took place included Jackson MS and the University of New Mexico, College of Education, both in Albuquerque, NM, in which 287 MS students and 61 teachers were surveyed. This study presents the results from a thirty (30)-item questionnaire administered to the three population samples, and focuses on ten water concepts and results with either low percentages associated with correct answers, high percentages associated with incorrect answers, high percentages for the response \u27I don\u27t know,\u27 or mixed results, indicating possibly some sort of misunderstanding. These deficiencies include not knowing the definitions of the following: sustainability, watershed, aquifer, spray irrigation, water right, and interstate compact. In addition, many students do not know the source of their household water, or where their water will come from if this source is depleted. Also, students are unable to describe and breakdown New Mexico\u27s water use by sector; are unaware of local, industrial water use; and are unaware of New Mexico\u27s surface-water delivery requirements to Texas per the Rio Grande Compact. To address these critical, local water concepts, this study also provides recommendations and resources for science teachers to develop a water-resources curriculum tailored to students\u27 needs

Delight of men and gods: Christiaan Huygens's new method of printing

This study gathers together surviving materials associated with a new method of printing – effectively stencil duplicating – invented by the seventeeth-century mathematician, physicist, and astronomer Christiaan Huygens. The materials, which include Huygens’s autograph account of the method, printed samples, a printing plate, and correspondence of Huygens and others, are subjected to several forms of analysis and scrutiny. These are: (a) the detailed physical examination of artefacts (held in Leiden and London), to ascertain the nature and process of the printing work, the difficulties encountered by Huygens, and the qualities of the samples he produced; (b) close readings of the classical Latin texts Huygens employed for his samples and printing plate in order to detect conceptual relationships between the texts, the method of printing, and broader philosophical ideas; and (c) the tracing of discussions about the printing method in Huygens’s correspondence, exchanged with the Royal Society in London. Huygens’s new method of printing is then considered relative to contemporary printing methods intended to emulate or reproduce handwriting (autographic), or which were used to mark out texts using stencils; the method is also assessed as a forerunner of subsequent printing methods that, in the later nineteenth century, culminated in stencil duplicating

Taking a Journey to The Land of All: Using Children’s Literature to Explore Gender Identity and Expression with Young Children

Children’s literature is a powerful tool that helps shape young children’s understandings of themselves and the world. As such, children’s literature can help young children develop deeper and more nuanced understandings about gender, gender identity, and gender expression. This article shares how teacher Kerry Elson planned and implemented a curriculum with first-grade students that focused on gender identity and expression. In this curriculum, she carefully selected children’s literature to explore gender identity and expression with young children

Current driven electrostatic and electromagnetic ion cyclotron instabilities

Growth rates and parameter dependences are calculated for the current driven instabilities of electrostatic (with finite-beta corrections) and electromagnetic ion cyclotron waves. For 0.25 (T sub e)/(T sub i) 2.5, ion cyclotron waves have large growth rates, while ion acoustic waves are still stable. In fusion devices, where electrostatic waves may be stable, electromagnetic ion cyclotron waves are unstable for beta sub i 0.001