ダイバーターツキトカマクDIVAニオケルパワーバランス

京都大学0048新制・論文博士工学博士乙第4294号論工博第1335号新制||工||493(附属図書館)6728UT51-57-E359(主査)教授 福田 國彌, 教授 西原 宏, 教授 飯吉 厚夫学位規則第5条第2項該当Kyoto UniversityDA

Editorial for the Special Issue: Molecular Epidemiology, Diagnostics and Management of Respiratory Virus Infections

In Japan, there is a proverb that the common cold is associated with all diseases [...

Can left ventricular hypertrophy on electrocardiography detect severe aortic valve stenosis?

BackgroundSevere aortic stenosis (AS) is increasing in the aging society and is a serious condition for anesthetic management. However, approximately one-third of patients with severe AS are asymptomatic. Echocardiography is the most reliable method to detect AS, but it takes time and is costly.MethodsData were obtained retrospectively from patients who underwent surgery and preoperative transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). LVH on ECG was determined by voltage criteria (Sv1 + Rv5 or 6 ≥3.5 mV) and/or the strain pattern in V5 and V6. Severe AS was defined as a mean transaortic pressure gradient ≥40 mmHg or aortic valve area ≤1.0 cm2 by TTE.ResultsData for 470 patients aged 28-94 years old were obtained. One hundred and twenty-six patients had severe AS. LVH on ECG by voltage criteria alone was detected in 182 patients, LVH by strain pattern alone was detected in 80 patients and LVH by both was detected in 55 patients. Multivariable logistic analysis revealed that LVH by the strain pattern or voltage criteria, diabetes mellitus, and age were significantly associated with severe AS. The AUC for the ROC curve for LVH by voltage criteria alone was 0.675 and the cut-off value was 3.84 mm V, and the AUC for the ROC for age was 0.675 and the cut-off value was 74 years old.ConclusionOur study suggests that patients who are 74 years old or over with LVH on ECG, especially those with DM, should undergo preoperative TTE in order to detect severe AS

Detailed Analyses of Molecular Interactions between Favipiravir and RNA Viruses In Silico

There are currently no antiviral agents for human metapneumovirus (HMPV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), mumps virus (MuV), or measles virus (MeV). Favipiravir has been developed as an anti-influenza agent, and this agent may be effective against these viruses in vitro. However, the molecular mechanisms through which the agent affects virus replication remain to be fully elucidated. Thus, to clarify the detailed molecular interactions between favipiravir and the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of HMPV, RSV, MuV, MeV, and influenza virus, we performed in silico studies using authentic bioinformatics technologies. As a result, we found that the active form of favipiravir (favipiravir ribofuranosyl-5′-triphosphate [F-RTP]) can bind to the RdRp active sites of HMPV, RSV, MuV, and MeV. The aspartic acid residue of RdRp active sites was involved in the interaction. Moreover, F-RTP was incorporated into the growing viral RNA chain in the presence of nucleotide triphosphate and magnesium ions. The results suggested that favipiravir shows two distinct mechanisms in various viruses: RdRp active site inhibition and/or genome replication inhibition

SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2.75 Variant May Be Much More Infective than Preexisting Variants Based on In Silico Model

Previously, we developed a mathematical model via molecular simulation analysis to predict the infectivity of six SARS-CoV-2 variants. In this report, we aimed to predict the relative risk of the recent new variants of SARS-CoV-2 based on our previous research. We subjected Omicron BA.4/5 and BA.2.75 variants of SARS-CoV-2 to the analysis to determine the evolutionary distance of the spike protein gene (S gene) of the variants from the Wuhan variant so as to appreciate the changes in the spike protein. We performed molecular docking simulation analyses of the spike proteins with human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) to understand the docking affinities of these variants. We then compared the evolutionary distances and the docking affinities of these variants with those of the variants that we had analyzed in our previous research. As a result, BA.2.75 has both the highest docking affinity (ratio per Wuhan variant) and the longest evolutionary distance of the S gene from the Wuhan variant. These results suggest that BA.2.75 infection can spread farther than can infections of preexisting variants

Development of low-overvoltage membrane Bunsen reaction technology for thermochemical IS process

我々は、熱化学水素製造ISプロセスの一工程である膜ブンゼン反応の過電圧低減に向けた研究を進めている。本研究では、放射線グラフト法を用いて高プロトン伝導性の陽イオン交換膜(CEM)を作製して膜ブンゼン反応試験を実施した。CEMは、フッ素樹脂膜に対するスチレンとジビニルベンゼン(DVB)の放射線グラフト重合とスルホン化で作製した(イオン交換容量は2.4 mmol/g)。このCEMは、市販膜Nafionの約2倍のプロトン伝導性を示した。CEMを膜ブンゼン反応器に装着して3時間の連続反応試験を行った後、電流密度とセル電圧の関係から反応過電圧を求めた。Nafionを用いた場合と比較すると、反応過電圧は3分の2程度であった。高プロトン伝導性膜の使用による過電圧低減を実証できた。World Hydrogen Technologies Convention 201

Acrostichum flagelliferum

The synthesis, structures, optical and electrochemical properties, and aromaticity of a series of 5,15-diaza-10,20-dimesitylporphyrins (M–DAP; M = Pb, H₂, Ni, Pd, Pt, Zn; mesityl = 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl) are reported. Treatment of mesityl-substituted bis­(5,5′-dibromodipyrrin) with sodium azide in the presence of lead­(II) acetylacetonate afforded Pb–DAP, which was quantitatively converted to H₂–DAP by acidolysis. The free base H₂–DAP reacted with palladium­(II), platinum­(II), and zinc­(II) salts to give Pd–DAP, Pt–DAP, and Zn–DAP, respectively. The crystal structures, optical and electrochemical properties, and aromaticities of these β-unsubstituted M–DAPs were comprehensively investigated by X-ray crystallography, UV–vis absorption/fluorescence spectroscopy, nanosecond flash photolysis, cyclic and differential pulse voltammetry, NMR spectroscopy, and density functional theory calculations. The obtained data show that replacement of the 5- and 15-methine carbons with nitrogen atoms alters the intrinsic properties of the porphyrin 18π system as follows: (i) the coordination spheres at the N₄ core become contracted while keeping high planarity; (ii) the Q bands are red shifted and largely intensified; (iii) the electron-accepting ability is enhanced, whereas the electron-donating ability is reduced; (iv) the radiative decay rates from the S₁ state are enhanced; and (v) the aromaticity of the 18π circuit is slightly reduced in terms of both geometric and magnetic criteria. These optical and electrochemical properties of M–DAPs stem from their characteristic frontier orbitals; two HOMOs and two LUMOs are nondegenerate as a result of the incorporation of the electronegative nitrogen atoms at the two meso positions. In addition, the group 10 metals incorporated at the core finely tune the fundamental properties of DAP π systems through inductive effects as well as dπ–pπ antibonding orbital interactions; the HOMO–LUMO gaps of the group 10 metal complexes increase in the order Ni–DAP < Pd–DAP < Pt–DAP