Use of the measure your medical outcome profile (MYMOP2) and W-BQ12 (Well-Being) outcomes measures to evaluate chiropractic treatment: an observational study

Background: The objective was to assess the use of the Measure Yourself Medical Outcome Profile (MYMOP2) and W-BQ12 well-being questionnaire for measuring clinical change associated with a course of chiropractic treatment. Methods: Chiropractic care of the patients involved spinal manipulative therapy (SMT), mechanically assisted techniques, soft tissue therapy, and physiological therapeutic devices. Outcome measures used were MYMOP2 and the Well-Being Questionnaire 12 (W-BQ12). Results: Statistical and clinical significant changes were demonstrated with W-BQ12 and MYMOP2. Conclusions: The study demonstrated that MYMOP2 was responsive to change and may be a useful instrument for assessing clinical changes among chiropractic patients who present with a variety of symptoms and clinical conditions

Spin-orbit coupling controlled ground state in the Ir(V) perovskites A2ScIrO6 (A = Ba or Sr)

The structural and magnetic properties of the two Ir(V) perovskites Ba2ScIrO6 and Sr2ScIrO6 have been established. The structures were refined using a combined neutron and Synchrotron data set. At room temperature the former has a cubic structure in space group Fm3 ̅m a = 8.1450(3) Å and the latter is monoclinic in P21/n with a = 5.6606(3) b= 5.6366(3) c = 7.9720(4) Å β = 89.977(5)°. Magnetization measurements show both oxides have magnetic moments close to zero as a consequence of strong spin-orbit coupling that results in a Jeff ~ 0 ground state. The distortion of the IrO6 octahedra in Sr2ScIrO6 is insufficient to generate crystal field splitting strong enough to quench the spin orbit coupling.Australian Synchrotron Australian Research Counci

Antigen-Independent Maturation of CD2, CD11a/CD18, CD44, and CD58 Expression on Thymic Emigrants in Fetal and Postnatal Sheep

We have compared the expression of CD2, CD11a/CD18, CD44, and CD58 on αβ and γδ T cells emigrating from the fetal and postnatal thymus. We report that both γδ and the CD4+ CD8- and CD4-CD8+ subsets of αβ T cells express mature levels of the adhesion molecules CD11a/CD18, CD44, and CD58 upon emigration from the thymus. Whereas CD44 is up-regulated on γδ+ thymocytes prior to export, down-regulation of both CD11a/CD18 and CD58 occurs prior to emigration from the thymus, suggesting that down-regulation of these molecules may be a final maturational step taken by developing γδ T cells before their export from the thymus. In contrast, there is continued up-regulation of CD2 on αβ and γδ T cells upon emigration from the thymus and as they move into the mature peripheral T-cell pool. There was also a marked reduction in the number of CD2+ γδ T cells exported during fetal development that was associated with a marked reduction in the percentage of CD22+ γδ thymocytes exported. The postthymic maturation of CD2 and the other changes in adhesion-molecule expression appear to be independent of extrinsic antigen, as the same changes were observed in the antigen-free environment of the fetus as in the postnatal lamb, which has been exposed to extrinsic antigen. It thus appears that these changes in adhesion-molecule expression are as a result of the normal maturation pathway from a developing thymocyte to a mature peripheral T cell

Clavicle fracture nonunion in the paediatric population: a systematic review of the literature.

Aims: Clavicle fracture nonunions are extremely rare in children. The aim of this systematic review was to assess what factors may predispose children to form clavicle fracture nonunions and evaluate the treatment methods and outcomes. Methods: We performed a systematic review according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, aiming to find papers reporting clavicle fracture nonunion in children under the age of 18 years. Data was collected on patient demographics, fracture type, mechanism of injury (MOI), surgical intervention and reported outcome. Two independent reviewers evaluated all the data. Results: A total of 13 articles reporting 21 cases of clavicle fracture nonunion were identified. The mean age at time of injury was 11.4 years (4 to 17). Falls were the most common MOI. The majority of nonunions occurred after displaced fractures on the right side. Six were refractures. Mean time of presentation following injury was 13.5 months (4 to 60). In all, 16 were treated surgically. Radiographic union was eventually achieved in 12 cases, with functional outcome satisfactory in all cases. Conclusion: Clavicle nonunion is an extremely rare but possible complication in children. The majority occur after displaced right-sided fractures or refractures and present around one year after injury. Surgical fixation provides good radiographic healing and functional outcomes. Level of evidence: IV

f(R)f(R) theory and geometric origin of the dark sector in Horava-Lifshitz gravity

Inclusion of $f(R)$ term in the action of Horava-Lifshitz quantum gravity with projectability but without detailed balance condition is investigated, where $R$ denotes the 3-spatial dimensional Ricci scalar. Conditions for the spin-0 graviton to be free of ghosts and instability are studied. The requirement that the theory reduce to general relativity in the IR makes the scalar mode unstable in the Minkowski background but stable in the de Sitter. It is remarkable that the dark sector, dark matter and dark energy, of the universe has a naturally geometric origin in such a setup. Bouncing universes can also be constructed. Scalar perturbations in the FRW backgrounds with non-zero curvature are presented.Comment: Mod. Phys. Lett. A26, 387-398 (2011

Recent advances in diffusion neuroimaging: applications in the developing preterm brain

Measures obtained from diffusion-weighted imaging provide objective indices of white matter development and injury in the developing preterm brain. To date, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has been used widely, highlighting differences in fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) between preterm infants at term and healthy term controls; altered white matter development associated with a number of perinatal risk factors; and correlations between FA values in the white matter in the neonatal period and subsequent neurodevelopmental outcome. Recent developments, including neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) and fixel-based analysis (FBA), enable white matter microstructure to be assessed in detail. Constrained spherical deconvolution (CSD) enables multiple fibre populations in an imaging voxel to be resolved and allows delineation of fibres that traverse regions of fibre-crossings, such as the arcuate fasciculus and cerebellar-cortical pathways. This review summarises DTI findings in the preterm brain and discusses initial findings in this population using CSD, NODDI, and FBA

In Situ Synchrotron Radiation Study of TiH2-6Al-4V and Ti-6Al-4V: Accelerated Alloying and Phase Transformation, and Formation of an Oxygen-Enriched Ti4Fe2O Phase in TiH2-6Al-4V

In situ heating, synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction has been used to study the alloying and phase transformation behavior of TiH2-6Al-4V and Ti-6Al-4V alloys. Accelerated alloying and phase transformation were observed in the powder compact of the TiH2-6Al-4V alloy subjected to a high heating rate. In addition, an oxygen-stabilized Ti4Fe2O phase, which is present as sub-micron or nanoscaled particles, has been identified in the TiH2-6Al-4V alloy. The implications of these experimental findings have been discussed in terms of alloying, improved densification and oxygen scavenging in titanium and titanium alloys