PRISMA flow diagram of study selection.

PRISMA flow diagram of study selection.</p

Effects of gait modifications on the kinematics of the knee joint.

Effects of gait modifications on the kinematics of the knee joint.</p

Fig 2 -

A. Effects of trunk lean on KAM1, B. KAM impulse. (TL: Trunk lean, KAM1: early stance phase peak external knee adduction moment, KAM impulse: external knee adduction moment impulse).</p

Fig 3 -

A. Effects of toe-out on KAM1, B. KAM impulse, C. KAM2, D. KFM1 (TO: Toe-out; KAM1: early stance phase peak external knee adduction moment, KAM impulse: external knee adduction moment impulse, KAM2: late stance phase peak external knee adduction moment, KFM1: early stance phase peak external knee flexion moment).</p

Details of gait modification programs of included studies.

Details of gait modification programs of included studies.</p

Fig 4 -

A. Effects of toe-in on KAM1, B. KAM2, C. KFM1 (TI: Toe-in, KAM1: early stance phase peak external knee adduction moment, KAM2: late stance phase peak external knee adduction moment, KFM1: early stance phase peak external knee flexion moment).</p

Search strategy (in MEDLINE database).

(DOCX)</p

Effects of gait modification strategies on indicators of medial knee joint load.

Effects of gait modification strategies on indicators of medial knee joint load.</p

Criteria for the eligibility of papers included in the systematic review.

Criteria for the eligibility of papers included in the systematic review.</p

The quality of evidence on indicators of medial knee joint load assessed according to the GRADE approach.

The quality of evidence on indicators of medial knee joint load assessed according to the GRADE approach.</p