1,504 research outputs found
Batalin-Tyutin Quantization of the Chiral Schwinger Model
We quantize the chiral Schwinger Model by using the Batalin-Tyutin formalism.
We show that one can systematically construct the first class constraints and
the desired involutive Hamiltonian, which naturally generates all secondary
constraints. For , this Hamiltonian gives the gauge invariant Lagrangian
including the well-known Wess-Zumino terms, while for the corresponding
Lagrangian has the additional new type of the Wess-Zumino terms, which are
irrelevant to the gauge symmetry.Comment: 15 pages, latex, no figures, to be published in Z. Phys. C (1995
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Additional evidence on informational asymmetry at acquisition announcement
This dissertation examines the partial anticipation hypothesis by employing the bid-ask spread approach in market microstructure theory. Selecting the OTC bidding firms with a careful research design, this dissertation divides sample firms into firms with acquisition programs and firms without acquisition programs
Complete BFT Embedding of Massive Theory with One- and Two-form Gauge Fields
We study the constraint structure of the topologically massive theory with
one- and two-form fields in the framework of Batalin-Fradkin-Tyutin embedding
procedure. Through this analysis we obtain a new type of Wess-Jumino action
with novel symmetry, which is originated from the topological coupling term, as
well as the St\"uckelberg action related to the explicit gauge breaking mass
terms from the original theory.Comment: 22 pages, no figures, references adde
Cognitive Media Attributes and Motivation of IPTV for Agricultural Information
New digital media forms have broaden new business opportunities. Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) has emerged as a major contender, from these new digital media options. Agricultural and food industries are especially excited and looking forward to employing IPTV as they see it as a viable means in promoting their markets. This study examines whether the effects of media attributes and motivations affect cognitive necessity and usefulness on viewers. 254 observations of survey were collected from members of an agriculture-related web-site which shows how media attributes can impact the cognitive necessity of viewers and how motivational factors of use can influence cognitive usefulness of those viewers. From these results, IPTV service providers can obtain insight on their future programs and the proper use of their application
The Glymphatic System in Diabetes-Induced Dementia
The glymphatic system has emerged as an important player in central nervous system (CNS) diseases, by regulating the vasculature impairment, effectively controlling the clearance of toxic peptides, modulating activity of astrocytes, and being involved in the circulation of neurotransmitters in the brain. Recently, several studies have indicated decreased activity of the glymphatic pathway under diabetes conditions such as in insulin resistance and hyperglycemia. Furthermore, diabetes leads to the disruption of the blood-brain barrier and decrease of apolipoprotein E (APOE) expression and the secretion of norepinephrine in the brain, involving the impairment of the glymphatic pathway and ultimately resulting in cognitive decline. Considering the increased prevalence of diabetes-induced dementia worldwide, the relationship between the glymphatic pathway and diabetes-induced dementia should be investigated and the mechanisms underlying their relationship should be discussed to promote the development of an effective therapeutic approach in the near future. Here, we have reviewed recent evidence for the relationship between glymphatic pathway dysfunction and diabetes. We highlight that the enhancement of the glymphatic system function during sleep may be beneficial to the attenuation of neuropathology in diabetes-induced dementia. Moreover, we suggest that improving glymphatic system activity may be a potential therapeutic strategy for the prevention of diabetes-induced dementia
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