Real-time label-free quantitative monitoring of biomolecules without surface binding by floating-gate complementary metal-oxide semiconductor sensor array integrated with readout circuitry

We report a label-free field-effect sensing array integrated with complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) readout circuitry to detect the surface potential determined by the negative charge in DNA molecules. For real-time DNA quantification, we have demonstrated the measurements of DNA molecules without immobilizing them on the sensing surface which is composed of an array of floating-gate CMOS transistors. This nonimmobilizing technique allows the continuous monitoring of the amount of charged molecules by injecting DNA solutions sequentially. We have carried out the real-time quantitative measurement of 19 bp oligonucleotides and analyzed its sensitivity as a function of pH in buffer solutions. (c) 2007 American Institute of Physics.open2

High-throughput peptide quantification using mTRAQ reagent triplex

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Protein quantification is an essential step in many proteomics experiments. A number of labeling approaches have been proposed and adopted in mass spectrometry (MS) based relative quantification. The mTRAQ, one of the stable isotope labeling methods, is amine-specific and available in triplex format, so that the sample throughput could be doubled when compared with duplex reagents.</p> <p>Methods and results</p> <p>Here we propose a novel data analysis algorithm for peptide quantification in triplex mTRAQ experiments. It improved the accuracy of quantification in two features. First, it identified and separated triplex isotopic clusters of a peptide in each full MS scan. We designed a schematic model of triplex overlapping isotopic clusters, and separated triplex isotopic clusters by solving cubic equations, which are deduced from the schematic model. Second, it automatically determined the elution areas of peptides. Some peptides have similar atomic masses and elution times, so their elution areas can have overlaps. Our algorithm successfully identified the overlaps and found accurate elution areas. We validated our algorithm using standard protein mixture experiments.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>We showed that our algorithm was able to accurately quantify peptides in triplex mTRAQ experiments. Its software implementation is compatible with Trans-Proteomic Pipeline (TPP), and thus enables high-throughput analysis of proteomics data.</p

Reinvestigation of aminoacyl-TRNA synthetase core complex by affinity purification-mass spectrometry reveals TARSL2 as a potential member of the complex

10.1371/journal.pone.0081734PLoS ONE812-POLN

Real-Time Monitoring for Hydraulic States Based on Convolutional Bidirectional LSTM with Attention Mechanism

By monitoring a hydraulic system using artificial intelligence, we can detect anomalous data in a manufacturing workshop. In addition, by analyzing the anomalous data, we can diagnose faults and prevent failures. However, artificial intelligence, especially deep learning, needs to learn much data, and it is often difficult to get enough data at the real manufacturing site. In this paper, we apply augmentation to increase the amount of data. In addition, we propose real-time monitoring based on a deep-learning model that uses convergence of a convolutional neural network (CNN), a bidirectional long short-term memory network (BiLSTM), and an attention mechanism. CNN extracts features from input data, and BiLSTM learns feature information. The learned information is then fed to the sigmoid classifier to find out if it is normal or abnormal. Experimental results show that the proposed model works better than other deep-learning models, such as CNN or long short-term memory (LSTM)

A Spur Suppression Technique Using an Edge-Interpolator for a Charge-Pump PLL

This paper proposes a new reference-spur elimination architecture for a charge-pump-based phase locked loop (PLL) using an edge interpolation technique. By utilizing a charge-distribution mechanism on the control voltage of the voltage-controlled oscillator, the proposed architecture is capable of suppressing high-order harmonics of the reference spur, as well as a fundamental spur. In implementation, the eight-stage edge interpolator achieved more than 16-dB additional spur suppression. In addition, the harmonics of the reference spur within a 104-MHz frequency offset, the location of the eighth harmonic of the reference spur, were dramatically suppressed. The prototype PLL was fully integrated in a 0.18-mu m CMOS technology, which occupies a 670 mu m x 640 mu m active chip area. Additional circuits for the edge interpolator consumes less than one-fifth of the total area and power.close4

Silver fractal dendrites for highly sensitive and transparent polymer thermistors

Effective temperature measurement using non-invasive sensors finds applications in virtually every field of human life. Recently, significant efforts have been made toward developing polymer positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistors because they have advantages including flexibility, conformability, and biocompatibility. However, most polymer PTC thermistors still have issues such as low sensitivity, low optical transparency, and poor operational durability because of low electrical conductivity and inefficient hopping transport of conventional conductive filler. Here, a highly sensitive and transparent polymer thermistor composed of silver fractal dendrites (AgFDs) and a polyacrylate (PA) matrix has been successfully demonstrated. A AgFDs-PA composite film exhibits a superior PTC effect (about 104 Ω °C-1) around 35 °C because of the high electrical conductivity of the AgFDs and the quantum tunneling effect among them. A thermistor based on the AgFDs-PA composite shows excellent sensitivity, PTC intensity (∼107), and sensing resolution through dramatic resistance changes from thousands to billions of ohms in the human body temperature range (34-37 °C). Moreover, it exhibits excellent optical transparency (82.14%), mechanical flexibility, and operational durability. An electrical impedance spectroscopy analysis shows that the distance between the AgFDs increases with temperature, which implies that the quantum tunneling effect amplified by the branches of the AgFDs has a significant influence on the changes in resistance. This characteristic makes the thermistor immediately suitable for monitoring body temperature. We anticipate that the new thermistor based on the AgFDs-PA composite can be a key component of various sensing applications. © The Royal Society of Chemistry.1

A Low Power and Wide Range Programmable Clock Generator With a High Multiplication Factor

A programmable delay locked loop (DLL) based clock generator, providing a high multiplication factor, has been developed in a 0.18-??m CMOS technology. Utilizing the proposed pulse generator, purely consisting of D flip flops (DFFs) and inverters, the clock generator provides a high multiplication factor of up to 24. It consumes only 16.2 mW when generating 2.16 GHz output signals. In addition, the proposed saturated-type unit delay cell adopted in the voltage controlled delay line (VCDL) is capable of providing a long delay while maintaining fast-switching signal edges. Thus, the DLL can lock up an input reference frequency as low as 30 MHz while maintaining good phase noise performance and small chip area occupancy. The phase noise is - 88.7 and - 99.8 dBc/Hz at 10 kHz and 100 kHz offsets, respectively, from the operating frequency of 1.2 GHz, which is equivalent to a 1.7 ps RMS jitter. The active chip area takes only 0.051 mm2.close7

High-performance transparent pressure sensors based on sea-urchin shaped metal nanoparticles and polyurethane microdome arrays for real-time monitoring

An ultra-sensitive and transparent piezoresistive pressure sensor based on a sea-urchin shaped metal nanoparticle (SSNP)-polyurethane (PU) composite with microdome arrays is successfully fabricated for the first time. The piezoresistive pressure sensor with microdome arrays was prepared using a nanoimprinting process based on an intermediate polymer substrate (IPS) replica mold. It showed a superior sensitivity (71.37 kPa-1) and a high optical transmittance (77.7% at 550 nm) due to the effective quantum tunneling effect even at small concentrations of conductive SSNP filler (6 mg mL-1). The high-performance characteristics of the piezoresistive pressure sensor are attributed to the geometric effects of the microdome structure, especially the stress concentration at small contact spots and the deformation of the contact area. The piezoresistive pressure sensor with microdome arrays also exhibited a fast response/relaxation time (30 ms), ultra-low pressure detection (4 Pa), and excellent long-term stability under harsh conditions. In addition, the effectiveness of the piezoresistive pressure sensors in various sensing applications including sensing mapping, human arterial pulse monitoring, and the detection of muscle movement is also successfully demonstrated. It is anticipated that this novel transparent pressure sensor based on a SSNP-PU composite with microdome arrays will be a key component in the development of integrated transparent sensing applications. © 2018 The Royal Society of Chemistry.1

Simple Grid-Based Refinement Segmentation Algorithm for MPEG Video-Based Point Cloud Compression

In this paper, we proposed two simple refinement segmentation algorithms that can provide options to improve the computational complexity of the Video-based Point Cloud Compression (V-PCC) encoder. The patch image generation process in the encoding process is the most time-consuming and computationally intensive, accounting for about 70&#x0025; of the encoder&#x2019;s self-running time in TMC2 v13.0. Since the real-time encoding of V-PCC is within the requirement of industry, it is highly necessary to research methods that can achieve good compression performance with low computational complexity. The grid-based refinement segmentation is one of the most computationally intensive processes in V-PCC. We found that the computational complexity can be reduced by further reducing the refinement segmentation process. Therefore, we propose to change the grid-based refinement segmentation loop process, thereby reducing the computational complexity by reducing some computational processes when the projection plane index of the neighboring grid point does not change. In the experiment, the compression performance of some sequences is improved by 0.1&#x0025; to 0.9&#x0025;, and the refinement segmentation time used is 79.21&#x0025; and 79.53&#x0025; of the anchor

Enhanced Aggregability of AIE-Based Probe through H2S‑Selective Triggered Dimerization and Its Applications to Biological Systems

We developed a disulfide-conjugated aggregation-induced emission luminogens (AIEgen) (1) that can dramatically enhance the aggregability through a H2S-selective disulfide cleavage and its dimerization. Probe 1 was composed of tetraphenylethene (TPE) as an AIEgen and disulfide bond as a reaction site for H2S. Under physiological conditions, probe 1 can provide strong fluorescence at 480 nm in response to H2S through the formation of TPE dimer (2). This fluorogenic reaction was highly selective for H2S over other potential interferants, such as biologically abundant thiols (e.g., glutathione, homocysteine, cysteine), reactive oxygen species, metal ions, and anions. In addition, probe 1 showed fluorescence change in the presence of H2S in the pH range of 5–8. The limit of detection for H2S was estimated to be 84 nM, which was a significant value at physiological H2S level. Moreover, probe 1 fluorescently imaged even the endogenous H2S, confirmed by the inhibition of H2S-related enzymes (cystathionine β-synthase/cystathionine γ-lyase) in live cells. Additionally, we demonstrated the simple and rapid detection of gaseous H2S using 1-coated thin-layer chromatography plate