288 research outputs found
Kapre: On-GPU Audio Preprocessing Layers for a Quick Implementation of Deep Neural Network Models with Keras
We introduce Kapre, Keras layers for audio and music signal preprocessing.
Music research using deep neural networks requires a heavy and tedious
preprocessing stage, for which audio processing parameters are often ignored in
parameter optimisation. To solve this problem, Kapre implements time-frequency
conversions, normalisation, and data augmentation as Keras layers. We report
simple benchmark results, showing real-time on-GPU preprocessing adds a
reasonable amount of computation.Comment: ICML 2017 machine learning for music discover
PokerKit: A Comprehensive Python Library for Fine-Grained Multi-Variant Poker Game Simulations
PokerKit is an open-source Python library designed to overcome the
restrictions of existing poker game simulation and hand evaluation tools, which
typically support only a handful of poker variants and lack flexibility in game
state control. In contrast, PokerKit significantly expands this scope by
supporting an extensive array of poker variants and it provides a flexible
architecture for users to define their custom games. This paper details the
design and implementation of PokerKit, including its intuitive programmatic
API, multi-variant game support, and a unified hand evaluation suite across
different hand types. The flexibility of PokerKit allows for applications in
diverse areas, such as poker AI development, tool creation, and online poker
casino implementation. PokerKit's reliability has been established through
static type checking, extensive doctests, and unit tests, achieving 97\% code
coverage. The introduction of PokerKit represents a significant contribution to
the field of computer poker, fostering future research and advanced AI
development for a wide variety of poker games.Comment: 6 pages, 1 figure, submission to IEEE Transactions on Game
PadChannel: Improving CNN Performance through Explicit Padding Encoding
In convolutional neural networks (CNNs), padding plays a pivotal role in
preserving spatial dimensions throughout the layers. Traditional padding
techniques do not explicitly distinguish between the actual image content and
the padded regions, potentially causing CNNs to incorrectly interpret the
boundary pixels or regions that resemble boundaries. This ambiguity can lead to
suboptimal feature extraction. To address this, we propose PadChannel, a novel
padding method that encodes padding statuses as an additional input channel,
enabling CNNs to easily distinguish genuine pixels from padded ones. By
incorporating PadChannel into several prominent CNN architectures, we observed
small performance improvements and notable reductions in the variances on the
ImageNet-1K image classification task at marginal increases in the
computational cost. The source code is available at
https://github.com/AussieSeaweed/pad-channelComment: 7 pages, 4 figures, submitted to the 2024 IEEE/CVF Conference on
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognitio
Stretching-induced conductance variations as fingerprints of contact configurations in single-molecule junctions
Molecule-electrode contact atomic structures are a critical factor that
characterizes molecular devices, but their precise understanding and control
still remain elusive. Based on combined first-principles calculations and
single-molecule break junction experiments, we herein establish that the
conductance of alkanedithiolate junctions can both increase and decrease with
mechanical stretching and the specific trend is determined by the S-Au linkage
coordination number (CN) or the molecule-electrode contact atomic structure.
Specifically, we find that the mechanical pulling results in the conductance
increase for the junctions based on S-Au CN two and CN three contacts, while
the conductance is minimally affected by stretching for junctions with the CN
one contact and decreases upon the formation of Au monoatomic chains. Detailed
analysis unravels the mechanisms involving the competition between the
stretching-induced upshift of the highest occupied molecular orbital-related
states toward the Fermi level of electrodes and the deterioration of
molecule-electrode electronic couplings in different contact CN cases.
Moreover, we experimentally find a higher chance to observe the conductance
enhancement mode under a faster elongation speed, which is explained by ab
initio molecular dynamics simulations that reveal an important role of thermal
fluctuations in aiding deformations of contacts into low-coordination
configurations that include monoatomic Au chains. Pointing out the
insufficiency in previous notions of associating peak values in conductance
histograms with specific contact atomic structures, this work resolves the
controversy on the origins of ubiquitous multiple conductance peaks in
S-Au-based single-molecule junctions.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures; to be published in J. Am. Chem. So
Outage Probability and Outage-Based Robust Beamforming for MIMO Interference Channels with Imperfect Channel State Information
In this paper, the outage probability and outage-based beam design for
multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) interference channels are considered.
First, closed-form expressions for the outage probability in MIMO interference
channels are derived under the assumption of Gaussian-distributed channel state
information (CSI) error, and the asymptotic behavior of the outage probability
as a function of several system parameters is examined by using the Chernoff
bound. It is shown that the outage probability decreases exponentially with
respect to the quality of CSI measured by the inverse of the mean square error
of CSI. Second, based on the derived outage probability expressions, an
iterative beam design algorithm for maximizing the sum outage rate is proposed.
Numerical results show that the proposed beam design algorithm yields better
sum outage rate performance than conventional algorithms such as interference
alignment developed under the assumption of perfect CSI.Comment: 41 pages, 14 figures. accepted to IEEE Transactions on Wireless
Communication
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