Advertising and Culture: Variations on the Theme of Individualism in Korean and American Magazine Advertising

Social scientists regard the U.S. and the Republic of Korea as countries with opposing cultural values. Given this contrast, the advertising of each culture is expected to differ. An examination of magazine advertising indicates that American ads strongly express the individualistic culture; however, the Korean ads not only express collectivistic ideas but individualistic ones as well. Although this phenomenon is not entirely surprising given the strength of Western influence, Korean individualistic messages are different from American individualistic messages. This suggests that expressions of individualism in ads blend with the elements of each culture to produce uniquely different messages .

Repressions and revisions: the afterlife of slavery in Southern literature

Though many scholars have explored the memory of slavery in Southern literature, my project expands these readings through a hybrid critical methodology from the fields of trauma studies, African American studies, historiography, and psychoanalysis to articulate how texts about the antebellum past enable later Southern authors to imagine present and future race relations in the South. I analyze how the particularities of the myriad afterlives of slavery – particularly in the economic, social, and political subjugation and terrorization of African Americans – are expressed or repressed in literature about the antebellum past, and argue that these texts demonstrate the varying processes by which white supremacy is enacted in the Jim Crow era. I argue in my first chapter that the plantation fictions of Thomas Nelson Page and Joel Chandler Harris commingle ideologies of antebellum paternalism and contemporary white supremacy to cast the future South as one founded on the reimagining of black subservience. My second chapter examines how black authors Paul Laurence Dunbar and Charles Chesnutt revise plantation romance, their techniques of masking and doubling enabling them to create an alternative collective memory that exposes the trauma of slavery and the fictive constructs of paternalism. Nonetheless, their lack of success outside this accommodationist genre exposes the limitations of black voice. My third chapter considers the portrayal of race and racism in white Southern women’s writings about the Civil War; Margaret Mitchell and Caroline Gordon explore the idea of modern white female freedom as contingent upon the continued subjugation of African Americans. I argue that Mitchell’s and Gordon’s novels displace the history of slavery –in fact, erase its very presence –as a kind of fantasy of white supremacy in the 1930s. In my fourth chapter, I analyze how William Faulkner’s The Unvanquished fluctuates between anxiety about and aggrandizement of the antebellum past, thereby demonstrating the difficulties of modifying white Southern collective memory. The conclusion reads Zora Neale Hurston’s Their Eyes Were Watching God through her protagonist’s constitution of a storied self, one which enables her to recuperate the traumatic past of slavery

Neither Here nor There: Education, Citizenship, and the Failed Integration of North Korean Defectors in South Korea

Despite sharing a cultural and historical background with South Koreans, North Korean defectors have difficulty integrating within South Korean society. This paper seeks to address the factors in South Korean society that make integration difficult for defectors. Specifically, what is the relationship between education and the formation of values and attitudes of South Koreans towards North Korean defectors? This study argues that North Korean defectors cannot successfully integrate into South Korean society because 1) South Korean cultural attitudes embrace the hanminjok ideology that makes it difficult for defectors to acquire cultural citizenship and 2) the South Korean social- efficiency education system does not prioritize cosmopolitanism but rather implicitly promotes ethnocentrism. Evidence from textbooks and interviews with students educated in South Korea provide substantial support for this argument. Interviews also revealed the impact that military education and socialization had in perpetuating negative sentiments towards defectors. The findings of this paper have several implications. While textbook analyses show that there have been efforts towards incorporating cosmopolitanism, these efforts are undercut by ethnocentric ideology. First, the South Korean government should reconcile the contradictions between cosmopolitanism and ethnocentrism within the national curriculum. Second, if the South Korean government wants to have the possibility of successful reunification, then it should re-examine its commitment to cosmopolitan education

Writing about writing: Qualities of metacognitive L2 writing reflections

This case study of two L2 writers in an intermediate English writing class examines each student’s use of in-class opportunities for written, metacognitive reflection as part of a supplemental curriculum that also included the use of inventories, explicit explanation of relevant terms, and teacher modeling of metacognitive activity. Written reflections were completed throughout the course to facilitate metacognitive development and were used as the primary unit of analysis with the aim of gaining a deeper understanding of this development for the purpose of self-regulation. Flavell’s (1979) categories of person, task, and strategic metacognitive knowledge were utilized in the analysis of data as well as Norman and Aron’s (2003) concepts of availability, accessibility, and perceived control, proposed to affect motivation to achieve or avoid a possible future self. These ideas were used in order to examine the relationships between each individual’s expressed writing goals and aspects of their metacognitive activities. One student’s goal was available, accessible, and well-aligned to the course goals; this seemed to allow her to actively strategize to monitor her progress more effectively. Furthermore, she displayed a higher level of self-efficacy than the other student. Degree of self-efficacy seemed to affect the students’ level of perceived control; the other student’s pre-occupation with his negative self-efficacy seemed to hinder the development of strategic knowledge and his ability to monitor his progress, in spite of his stated enjoyment of writing. Additionally, his goals were less available, less accessible, and less aligned to the purpose of the course. Although more research is needed, the results point to a need for L2 writing curricula to include effective L2 writing goal-setting strategies in metacognitive classroom activities because of the potential effect on student motivation as well as metacognitive development

Awareness of and Application to the Environmental Quality Incentives Program By Cow–Calf Producers

This study uses a bivariate probit model with partial observability to examine Louisiana beef producers’ awareness of the Environmental Quality Incentives Program (EQIP) and how awareness translates to application to the program. Results indicate that awareness of and application to the EQIP depend on portion of income derived from off-farm sources, extent of previous best management practice adoption at one’s own expense, household income, farmed land that is highly erodible, contact with Natural Resource Conservation Service and extension service personnel, and producer age.BMPs, bivariate probit, EQIP, probit, Agribusiness, Environmental Economics and Policy, Livestock Production/Industries, Q12, Q16, Q18,

Knowledge, Application and Adoption of Best Management Practices by Cattle Farmers under the Environmental Quality Incentives Program - A Sequential Analysis

This study examines Louisiana farmers' awareness of EQIP and their subsequent adoption of best management practices (BMPs) using a sequential logit model. Results indicate that farmers likely to be aware of EQIP and eventually adopt BMPs under the program were mainly those who had been in contact with NRCS officials.BMPs, EQIP, Sequential logit model, Environmental Economics and Policy, Livestock Production/Industries,