Model Reference Gaussian Process Regression:Data-Driven State Feedback Controller

This paper proposes a data-driven state feedback controller that enables reference tracking for nonlinear discrete-time systems. The controller is designed based on the identified inverse model of the system and a given reference model, assuming that the identification of the inverse model is carried out using only the system's state/input measurements. When its results are provided, we present conditions that guarantee a certain level of reference tracking performance, regardless of the identification method employed for the inverse model. Specifically, when Gaussian process regression (GPR) is used as the identification method, we propose sufficient conditions for the required data by applying some lemmas related to identification errors to the aforementioned conditions, ensuring that the Model Reference-GPR (MR-GPR) controller can guarantee a certain level of reference tracking performance. Finally, an example is provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the MR-GPR controller.</p

Model Reference Gaussian Process Regression:Data-Driven State Feedback Controller

This paper proposes a data-driven state feedback controller that enables reference tracking for nonlinear discrete-time systems. The controller is designed based on the identified inverse model of the system and a given reference model, assuming that the identification of the inverse model is carried out using only the system's state/input measurements. When its results are provided, we present conditions that guarantee a certain level of reference tracking performance, regardless of the identification method employed for the inverse model. Specifically, when Gaussian process regression (GPR) is used as the identification method, we propose sufficient conditions for the required data by applying some lemmas related to identification errors to the aforementioned conditions, ensuring that the Model Reference-GPR (MR-GPR) controller can guarantee a certain level of reference tracking performance. Finally, an example is provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the MR-GPR controller.</p

Model Reference Gaussian Process Regression:Data-Driven State Feedback Controller

This paper proposes a data-driven state feedback controller that enables reference tracking for nonlinear discrete-time systems. The controller is designed based on the identified inverse model of the system and a given reference model, assuming that the identification of the inverse model is carried out using only the system's state/input measurements. When its results are provided, we present conditions that guarantee a certain level of reference tracking performance, regardless of the identification method employed for the inverse model. Specifically, when Gaussian process regression (GPR) is used as the identification method, we propose sufficient conditions for the required data by applying some lemmas related to identification errors to the aforementioned conditions, ensuring that the Model Reference-GPR (MR-GPR) controller can guarantee a certain level of reference tracking performance. Finally, an example is provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the MR-GPR controller.</p

Methods for Increasing Leptin Levels Using Nicotinic Acid Compounds

The invention relates to the use of nicotinic acid and nicotinic acid esters, such as nicotinic acid alkyl esters, to increase the amount of leptin in a subject. As a result, one can treat conditions, such as conditions characterized by wounds, by administering sufficient amounts of nicotinic acid or nicotinic acid ester to increase leptin levels to alleviating amounts. Various conditions and modes of treatment are disclosed

Technologies of lithium recycling from waste lithium ion batteries: A review

The consumption of lithium-based materials has more than doubled in eight years due to the recent surge in demand for lithium applications as lithium ion batteries. The lithium-ion battery market has grown steadily every year and currently reaches a market size of $40 billion. Lithium, which is the core material for the lithium-ion battery industry, is now being extracted from natural minerals and brines, but the processes are complex and consume a large amount of energy. In addition, lithium consumption has increased by 18% from 2018 to 2019, and it can be predicted that the depletion of lithium is imminent with limited lithium reserves. This has led to the development of technologies to recycle lithium from lithium-ion batteries. This article focuses on the technologies that can recycle lithium compounds from waste lithium-ion batteries according to their individual stages and methods. The stages are divided into the pre-treatment stage and lithium extraction stage, while the latter is divided into three main methods: pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgy, and electrochemical extraction. Processes, advantages, disadvantages, lithium extraction efficiency, price, environmental pollution and the degree of commercialization of each method are compared and analyzed quantitatively. Despite the growing attention and the development of various lithium recycling technologies, less than 1 percent of lithium is recycled currently. We propose future needs to improve the recycling technologies from waste lithium materials and hope that this article can stimulate further interest and development in lithium recycling

Topical Formulations for the Transdermal Delivery of Niacin and Methods of Treating Hyperlipidemia

Niacin and niacin prodrugs are topically administered as suitable formulations to device for impoving the lipid profiles of subjects, preferably humans

Methods and Compositions Useful in Enhancing Oxygen Delivery to Cells

The invention discloses compositions and methods which are useful in improving delivery of oxygen to cells. The compositions require at least one derivative of a compound. The derivatives are chosen to have log P values below about 6.0

Topical Micronutrient Delivery System and Uses of Thereof

The invention involves methods and compositions useful in delivering micronutrients to cells. By formulating the micronutrient in the form of an ester that is convertible to the active form of the micronutrient, one can combine it with a co-ester that inhibits esterases, so that the micronutrient can reach the targeted cells prior to degradation. Both methods and compositions are described