Top-bottom mass hierarchy, s−μs-\mu puzzle and gauge coupling unification with split multiplets

A supersymmetric 5D SU(5) grand unification is considered. The SU(5) is broken down to $G_{SM}=SU(3)\times SU(2)\times U(1)$ by the $Z_2\times Z_2'$ assignment of the bulk field(s). The matter fields are located at the fixed point(s). In the bulk, a Higgs multiplet $\bar 5_H$(containing the bottom doublet $H_1$) and the SU(5) gauge multiplet are located. At one fixed point, $H_2$(the top doublet) and the standard model matter multiplets are presented. Because of the difference of the locations of $H_1$ and $H_2$, one can obtain a hierarchy between top and bottom Yukawa couplings. We also present a possibility to understand the $s-\mu$ mass puzzle in this framework of the split multiplet.Comment: LaTeX file of 17 pages including 3 eps figures. A note is added and typo errors corrected. To appear in Euro. Phys. J.

Evaluation and control of mechanical degradation of austenitic stainless 310S steel substrate during coated superconductor processing

The superconductor industry considers cold-rolled austenitic stainless 310S steel a less expensive substitute for Hastelloy X as a substrate for coated superconductor. However, the mechanical properties of cold-rolled 310S substrate degrade significantly in the superconductor deposition process. To overcome this, we applied hot rolling at 900 A degrees C (or 1000 A degrees C) to the 310S substrate. To check the property changes, a simulated annealing condition equivalent to that used in manufacturing was determined and applied. The effects of the hot rolling on the substrate were evaluated by analyzing its physical properties and texture.Web of Science24345444

Social network conceptualizations of international system structure and national power: a social network perspective on international relations

The central focus of this project is on the new social network conceptualizations of international system structure and national power. This project examines two traditional questions using the social network conceptualizations: (1) how do we conceive a state's national power, and (2) how does the distribution of national powers define international system structure? The project also answers the following question by applying the above questions to the empirical phenomena of international relations: how does redefining "power" and "system" in this way contribute to a better understanding of international politics? This project argues that international system structure is more accurately depicted by considering different interaction networks participated in by all system members, and that a state's power is more accurately conceptualized by considering how it interacts with all other states in the international system of different networks. The social network conception of national power, derived from the social network conception of international system structure, is applied to two empirical phenomena, focusing on their power explanations. The empirical analyses of militarized conflicts find that: (1) at the system level, the results do not reveal any clear support for either of power theories, but (2) at the dyadic level, the results strongly support power preponderance theory over balance of power theory. The analyses of economic sanctions find that sanction cases with disproportional network power balance between sender and target are far less likely to be successful, while cases with the target possessing high network power are far more likely to be successful. The evidence from nonparametric model discrimination statistics and information criteria measures shows that the conflict and sanctions models with new structural network power measures have greater explanatory power than or statistically outperform those with old attributional power measures, such as COW index and GNP. Finally, this project provides graphical representations of international system structure and national power to show how network conceptions give a radically different view of international relations than the older scalar representations do. The graphical representations of international conflict and sanction networks also reveal that the significant majority of conflicts and sanctions are indeed regional, "connected," and "recurrent.

????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ??????

Cryogenic machining uses liquid nitrogen (LN2) as a coolant. This machining process can reduce the cutting temperature and increase tool life. Titanium alloys have been widely used in the aerospace and automobile industries because of their high strength-to-weight ratio. However, they are difficult to machine because of their poor thermal properties, which reduce tool life. In this study, we applied cryogenic machining to titanium alloys. Orthogonal cutting experiments were performed at a low cutting speed (1.2 - 2.1 m/min) in three cooling conditions: dry, cryogenic, and cryogenic plus heat. Cutting force and friction coefficients were observed to evaluate the machining characteristics for each cooling condition. For the cryogenic condition, cutting force and friction coefficients increased, but decreased for the cryogenic plus heat condition

Determinants of the Success of Economic Sanctions: An Empirical Analysis

Do economic sanctions against target countries work as sender countries intend? If so, what factors make the positive outcomes possible in economic sanctions? Using quantitative methods with the extensive data collection on economic sanctions cases, this study tests a set of hypotheses derived from previous research on the topic and from other theories in the field of international relations. The empirical analyses of this study provide some new findings that were not revealed through previous research on the subject. First, economic sanctions imposed by the United Kingdom were more likely to succeed. Second, economic sanctions imposed in response to human rights abuses in target countries were less likely to succeed. Finally, the results of this study provide evidence to support the democratic peace theory: the democratic regime type of the sender nation had a positive impact on the success of economic sanctions

????????????????????? ?????? ????????? ??????????????? ???????????? ?????? ?????????

The surface roughness and cutting forces are the important factors for the machine-part quality during the hard-turning process. The aim of this paper is to optimize hard-cutting conditions via implementation of response surface methodology (RSM). The experiments were conducted for the hard-turning process with the Box-Behnken design. The validation of the surface roughness and cutting forces was performed with the obtained 2nd order polynomial regression model. The results showed that the surface roughness was strongly dependent upon the RPM. The diminution of the cutting force was attributed to the low feed rate and the depth of cut. On the basis of the RSM, optimized cutting conditions of RPM, feed rate, and depth of cut are 3440, 0.0352 [mm/rev], and 0.03 [mm]. In this optimal cutting condition, the surface roughness can be around Ra= 0.202 ??m

Minimax particle filtering for tracking a highly maneuvering target

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/152473/1/rnc4785_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/152473/2/rnc4785.pd