Computer Tomography: A Novel Diagnostic Technique used in Horses

In Veterinary Medicine, Computer Tomography (CT scan) is used more often in dogs and cats than in large animals due to their small size and ease of manipulation. This paper, however, illustrates the use of the technique in horses. CT scan was used in the diagnosis of two conditions of the head and limbs, namely alveolar periostitis and Navicular disease. The advantages of the technique are evident in the clarity with which the lesions are seen, as well as the precise identification of the affected tooth or bone. The Kenya Veterinarian Vol. 21 2001: pp. 32-3

Surgical Conditions of the Urinary Tract in Cattle

No Abstract.Kenya Veterinarian Vol. 14 1990: pp. 5-

The use of Ultrasound in distinguishing complications of the Jugular Vein arising from Intravenous Catheters and Injections in Horses

The ultrasound technique was used to provide both structural and functional information concerning the integrity of the jugular vein following intravenous infusion and injections. These were performed in the routine administration of antibiotics and fluids for the treatment of horses mainly suffering from colic. The complications noted during examination included peri-phlebitis, thrombosis-phlebitis and peri-venous abscesses of varying sizes at the injection site, and something affecting most of the jugular vein. The different lesions which often could not be determined, particularly in cases of thrombo-phlebitis where partial or complete occlusion of the vein occurred. When noted early, using ultrasonography, exacerbaration of the thrombus could be prevented by avoiding repeated intravenous injection or by the removal of indwelling catheter. The Kenya Veterinarian Vol. 21 2001: pp. 16-1

Phytochemical Screening and Antimicrobial Studies of Green, Orthodox and Black Kenyan Tea

Oxalate oxidase is a pathogenesis‐related enzyme that occurs naturally in plants and whose activity is observed to increase when hosts are attacked by oxalic acidproducing pathogens, countering the effects of the acid and thus conferring resistance to infection. This study, through two assays, sought to investigate the level of oxalate oxidase activity in six Kenyan sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) varieties namely: Kenya Fedha, Rekord, Issanka, H8998, H4038 and H4088. The reaction of oxalate oxidase with its substrate, oxalic acid, yields hydrogen peroxide which can be assayed calorimetrically as a measure of enzyme activity. In this study, an assay which focused on release of hydrogen peroxide from sunflower leaf discs incubated in a buffer containing oxalic acid was conducted. A detached leaflet assay was also conducted to assess the ability of oxalate oxidase to prevent necrosis in response to exogenous application of oxalic acid to plant tissue whereby lesion sizes were measured. The oil content of the six sunflower varieties was also determined to identify the ones with the highest oil‐yielding potential.  The test sunflower varieties differed significantly (p<0.05) in oxalic acid degradation and in their hydrogen peroxide production, indicating varying degrees of oxalate oxidase activity. H4088 and H8998 had the highest seed oil content and were identified as superior sunflower varieties that could be recommended for edible oil production in Kenya. However, H8998 may require genetic transformation to enhance its disease resistance capacity

Prognosis Indicators and Economic Implications of Advanced Bovine Ocular Squamous Cell Carcinoma After Radical Surgery

No Abstract.Kenya Veterinarian Vol. 14 1990: pp. 24-2

Alpha-2-Adrenoceptor agonists in Veterinary Practice

Since the first a2- adrenoceptor agonist xylazine (Rompun) was synthesized in 1962 in Germany, and subsequent development of others in this group, a2-adrenoceptor agonists have been used for decades for their sedative, analgesic and muscle relaxant properties in laboratory, domestic and wild animal species. Although drugs in this group induce physiologic alterations in many species whose magnitude depends on the dose, rate of administration and concomitantly administered drugs, they have proven to be safe adjunctive agents in augmenting central nervous system depression, analgesia and muscle relaxation in healthy patients. One of the more significant advances in veterinary anesthesiology during the last decade has been the utilization of antagonists for the reversal of injectable anesthetic regimens. Most notable of these is the clinical application of a2-antagonists such as yohimbine, telazoline, midazoxam, and atipamazole for the reversal of the sedative –muscle relaxant action actions induced by xylazine and other a2- adrenoceptor agonists. This advance has made the use of drugs in this group safer and they will continue to play an important role in the evolution and development of reliable synergistic receptor mediated analgesia and anesthesia. This paper looks at the role a2-adrenoceptor agonists have played and continue to play in veterinary practice. The Kenya Veterinarian Vol. 22 2001: pp. 82-9

Surgical management of agenesis of the vulva with atresia ani-et-distal recti in a heifer calf: A case report

Successful surgical intervention of atresia ani-et-distal recti with agenesis of vulva in a heifer calf is reported in this paper. The calf aging 1-day was presented with a history of swelling at the perineal region. In clinical examination, both vulval and anal openings were found absent. Initial surgical operation under sedation and local anesthesia was done to correct these abnormalities. As a result, the calf could urinate, but attempted defecation was not successful. Surgical operation was done again at the anal region to resolve this condition. Post-operatively, tetracycline spray was applied on both surgical wounds immediately after surgery, and repeated twice daily for 10 days. Amoxicillin trihydrate (at 750 mg/kg bwt) and Phenylbutazone (at 400 mg/kg bwt) were administered intramuscularly once, and the treatment was repeated on every alternate day up to 10 days of post-surgery. Finally, the calf was able to urinate and defecate normally, and the surgical wounds healed uneventfully within 14 days. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2015; 2(3.000): 369-372