Effect of blue light on the photosynthesis and flavonoid accumulation in leaves of Hedyotis corymbosa (L.) Lam.

In plants, blue light with a short wavelength can promote light reaction in photosynthesis and increase dry mass. Photosynthesis plays an important role in supporting carbohydrates for primary and secondary metabolism processes. Flavonoids are phenolic compounds, a class of plant secondary metabolites, that can be obtained from many medicinal herbs. These phenolic compounds are involved in the reactive oxygen species scavenging system, inhibit lipid peroxidation by free-radical, chelate redox-active metals resulting in their antioxidant ability and cardioprotective effects. In this study, H. corymbosa (L.) Lam., one of the common medicinal herbs, was cultured for 4 weeks under conditions of 450 nm blue LED (light-emitting diode) lights at the different light intensity as treatments and fluorescent lamp light as a control to investigate the effects of blue light on photosynthesis and flavonoid accumulation in leaves. The results show that blue light at 450 nm promoted photosynthetic rate by enhancing stomatal opening, electron transport rate in light reaction. Blue light also enhanced photoprotection by decrease the quantum yield of non-photochemical losses, increase the quantum yield of non-photochemical quenching and gained 24% more in dry mass. The accumulation of flavonoid and total phenolic compounds in leaves was followed by a decrease in sucrose. These events proved that blue light enhances photosynthesis and increase carbohydrate and flavonoid accumulation in leaves

Mobilising community-based research on zoonotic infections: A case study of longitudinal cohorts in Vietnam

We initiated the Vietnam Initiative on Zoonotic Infections (VIZIONS) research program to better understand the epidemiology of disease transmission at the human–animal interface in Vietnamese rural communities and to integrate One Health approaches to disease surveillance. We established a longitudinal community cohort study of individuals with occupational exposure to animals, which involves concurrent targeted sampling from domestic livestock species and follow-up monitoring of human clinical cases. The project was implemented by government agencies at the provincial and district levels of the public health and animal health sectors in Vietnam. Engaging with rural communities builds response capacity at the grassroots level, and has improved dialogue between local stakeholders responsible for monitoring human and animal health. Here we describe the process of initiating participatory research and cohort field implementation over the first year in two study sites in Vietnam.Keywords: Vietnam, participatory research, zoonoses, field epidemiolog

Attributes and perspectives of public providers related to provision of medical abortion at public health facilities in Vietnam: a cross-sectional study in three provinces.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to investigate attributes of public service providers associated with the provision of medical abortion in Vietnam. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study via interviewer-administered questionnaire among abortion providers from public health facilities in Hanoi, Khanh Hoa, and Ho Chi Minh City in Vietnam between August 2011 and January 2012. We recruited abortion providers at all levels of Vietnam's public health service delivery system. Participants were questioned about their medical abortion provision practices and perspectives regarding abortion methods. RESULTS: A total of 905 providers from 62 health facilities were included, comprising 525 (58.0%) from Hanoi, 122 (13.5%) from Khanh Hoa, and 258 (28.5%) from Ho Chi Minh City. The majority of providers were female (96.7%), aged ≥25 years (94%), married (84.4%), and had at least one child (89%); 68.9% of providers offered only manual vacuum aspiration and 31.1% performed both medical abortion and manual vacuum aspiration. Those performing both methods included physicians (74.5%), midwives (21.7%), and nurses (3.9%). Unadjusted analyses showed that female providers (odds ratio 0.1; 95% confidence interval 0.01-0.30) and providers in rural settings (odds ratio 0.3; 95% confidence interval 0.08-0.79) were less likely to provide medical abortion than their counterparts. Obstetricians and gynecologists were more likely to provide medical abortion than providers with nursing/midwifery training (odds ratio 22.2; 95% confidence interval 3.81-129.41). The most frequently cited advantages of medical abortion for providers were that no surgical skills are required (61.7%) and client satisfaction is better (61.0%). CONCLUSION: Provision of medical abortion in Vietnam is lower than provision of manual vacuum aspiration. While the majority of abortion providers are female midwives in Vietnam, medical abortion provision is concentrated in urban settings among physicians. Individuals providing medical abortion found that the method yields high client satisfaction

Women's perspectives on termination service delivery in Vietnam: a cross-sectional survey in three provinces.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the perspectives of abortion service users regarding termination methods and abortion service delivery in Vietnam. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Structured exit interviews were conducted between August and November 2011 with women who underwent termination of pregnancy at 62 public health facilities in Hanoi, Khanh Hoa, and Ho Chi Minh City in Vietnam. All women presenting for termination during the study period were recruited to participate in the study. Following their abortion, women were asked about their perspectives on abortion service delivery and attributes of medical abortion (MA) versus manual vacuum aspiration (MVA). Multiple logistic regression was used to assess the association between current method uptake and each attribute. RESULTS: A total of 1,233 women were included in the survey: 541 (43.9%) from Hanoi, 163 (13.2%) from Khanh Hoa, and 529 (42.9%) from Ho Chi Minh: 23.1% underwent MA; 78.9% reported that women should be given a choice between MA and MVA; and 77.6% thought that abortion services were accessible. Among the 48% who responded, 30.1% thought that MA should be made available at primary/secondary health care facilities. Among women who had previously undergone both methods, women who reported that MA "feels more natural" (like a menstrual regulation/period) were more likely to choose MA for their current abortion (odds ratio 2.15, 95% confidence interval 1.26-3.69). CONCLUSION: MA uptake is significantly lower than MVA uptake. Further insights to women's perceptions of MA in Vietnam could help improve abortion service delivery in the country

Обзор современного положения и тенденций развития энергетической системы Вьетнама

The paper gives an analysis of power system in Vietnam. Data on power resources of the country and forecasts pertaining to production and consumption (oil, gas and solid fuel) up to 2020 are cited in the paper.Дается анализ состояния энергетической системы Вьетнама. Приводятся данные об энергетических ресурсах страны, а также прогнозы до 2020 г. о добыче и их потреблении (нефть, газ и твердое топливо)

Климатические условия Вьетнама и потенциал нетрадиционных источников энергии

The paper contains an approximate evaluation of solar and wind energy potential in Vietnam. Possible energy generation using non-conventional energy sources is cited for a number of regions in Vietnam.Дается приблизительная оценка потенциала солнечной энергии и энергии ветра во Вьетнаме. приводится возможная выработка энергии нетрадиционными источниками для ряда регионов страны

Synthesis and application of Fe3O4/GO/PVP composite material for methylene blue adsorption

In this study, Fe3O4/GO/PVP (FGP) was successfully synthesized and efficiently applied for absorbing methylene blue. First, GO was synthesized by Hummer’s method from waste home-batteries. The chemical co-precipitation method was used to fabricate Fe3O4/GO from a mixture solution of GO, Fe3+, Fe2+. Polyvinylpyrrolidone PVP was selected to functionalize Fe3O4/GO and form Fe3O4/GO/PVP for improving dispersibility purpose in aqueous solution. The obtained Fe3O4/GO/PVP was characterized by XRD, FT-IR, BET, FE-SEM, UV-Vis techniques. Moreover, the effecting factors as pH, time adsorption, initial concentration of methylene blue were conducted. Adsorption isotherm models were also identified. The results showed that specific surface area of FGP-3 was 70.0 m2.g-1, the Freundlich isotherm model was suitable and the Dubinin - Radushkevich isotherm model showed that the process was physical adsorption. The maximum capacity (qmax) was 30.4 mg.g-1. These findings prove Fe3O4/GO/PVP as an inexpensive and efficient adsorbent for removal of cationic dyes

К вопросу использования возобновляемых источников энергии в энергоэффективном строительстве

The paper presents dependences required for calculation of heat and energy  for building operation within the period of its functioning and mean specific power of heat loss.Представлены зависимости для расчета теплоты и энергии на эксплуатацию здания в течение срока его функционирования и средней удельной мощности теплопотерь

A Chemical Strategy for Intracellular Arming of an Endogenous Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Nucleotide

The naturally occurring nucleotide 3′-deoxy-3′,4′-didehydro-cytidine-5′-triphosphate (ddhCTP) was recently found to exert potent and broad-spectrum antiviral activity. However, nucleoside 5′-triphosphates in general are not cell-permeable, which precludes the direct use of ddhCTP as a therapeutic. To harness the therapeutic potential of this endogenous antiviral nucleotide, we synthesized phosphoramidate prodrug HLB-0532247 (1) and found it to result in dramatically elevated levels of ddhCTP in cells. We compared 1 and 3′-deoxy-3′,4′-didehydro-cytidine (ddhC) and found that 1 more effectively reduces titers of Zika and West Nile viruses in cell culture with minimal nonspecific toxicity to host cells. We conclude that 1 is a promising antiviral agent based on a novel strategy of facilitating elevated levels of the endogenous ddhCTP antiviral nucleotide