Assessment of Surface Water Chemistry and Algale Biodiversity in the Bay of Mostaganem and the Cheliff Estuary: North-western Algeria

Anthropogenic activities have led to water quality deterioration in many parts of the word, especially in Northwest Algeria. The current work investigated the spatiotemporal variations of water quality in the Cheliff River, samples for physico-chemical were performed at different periods from 2004 to 2007, the results chowed that nitrate (NO3-) intake is very high especially in the month of February 2006 (26 mg/l) and February 2007 (37 mg/l), nitrite (NO2-) values also exceed the standard for samples taken at the estuary (and the sea), ie 0.96 mg/l in the month of February 2006 and 0.98 mg/l in April 2007;the Ammonium (NH4+) contributions are due to the River because the value recorded at the estuary (4.22 in February 2006) ;silicate (SiO2) varies greatly depending on the River flow resulting from soil leaching SOUR to the estuary where we see the maximum values of 20.10 mg/l in the month of February 2007 and 19.1 mg/l in March 2005. The recorded values of elements phosphorus (PO4---) are high and very variable from 0.01 to 1.90 mg/l for the River, 0.01- 0.80 mg/l for the estuary and 0- 0.49 mg/l for the sea. The analyzed biological confirmed a total of 41 phytoplankton speciesand31 macroalgae species. So, Aquatic ecosystems are particulury vulnerable to environmental change and many are, at present, severely degraded

Impact of the Climate Change on the West Coast of Algeria: Gulf of Oran, Arzew and Mostaganem.

Different hydro climatic conditionsat and above a continental shelf have significant effects on the ecology of theenvironment (temperature, nutrient richness and pelagic production). Indeed,bioclimatic changes defined clearly reflects the prevailing conditions imposedabove the continental shelf. Based on contributions made to the sea (rainfall,temperature, wind ...) and those put together by the internal dynamics can bedistinguished marine years that correspond to low enrichment in terms of anychange in continental and marine conditions generally short and strongenrichment of years corresponding to eventful years and transformations ofcontinental and marine conditions, strong shifts in time. Thus, a hot or coldbut very fluctuating period influence the marine ecosystem and phytoplankton growth. Also, the impact of development on the coastal and marine environmentis localized mainly in the coastal metropolitan areas characterized by highurbanization and concentration of activities

Assessment of Gender Differentials in Economic and Technical Efficiency of Poultry Egg, a Case Study in Lagos State, Nigeria.

Gender has been seen as an important factor in the distribution and utilization of productive resources worldwide. In the agricultural sector, gender differential could influence the sourcing and efficient utilization of factors of production, particularly in the livestock sub-sector of the economy. This study assessed the gender differentials in economic and technical efficiency of poultry eggs production in Lagos State, Nigeria. Multistage sampling technique was used to select respondent poultry farmers. The first and second stages were the purposive selection of five Local Government Areas (LGAs) reputed for poultry production and farm settlements in the state. The third stage involved a simple random sampling of 150 poultry farms consisting of 75 farms each managed by a male and a female Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA). The SFA revealed that for male management of poultry egg farms, labour input (p<0.01) and cost of medications (p<0.05) increased the poultry egg output. On the other hand, for female management, stock of birds (p<0.01), labour input (p<0.01) and feed cost (p<0.01) were the factors that increased poultry eggs output. The inefficiency model revealed that male farmers were more technically efficient (p<0.01) than female counterparts. Female managed poultry farms had less productivity (0.90) compared to males(1.22). However, 88.1% of male farms compared to 86.7% of female farms had economic efficiency ratios between 0.29 and 0.79. The study concluded that gender had impact on poultry farmers' efficiency in the study area. The study therefore recommended that training should be organised for female managed farms while male managed farms should utilize less of cost intensive capital input