170 research outputs found
Decision Process in Human-Agent Interaction: Extending Jason Reasoning Cycle
The main characteristic of an agent is acting on behalf of humans. Then, agents are employed as modeling paradigms for complex systems and their implementation. Today we are witnessing a growing increase in systems complexity, mainly when the presence of human beings and their interactions with the system introduces a dynamic variable not easily manageable during design phases. Design and implementation of this type of systems highlight the problem of making the system able to decide in autonomy. In this work we propose an implementation, based on Jason, of a cognitive architecture whose modules allow structuring the decision-making process by the internal states of the agents, thus combining aspects of self-modeling and theory of the min
Observations of Toroidal Coupling for Low-N Alfven Modes in the Tca Tokamak
The antenna structure in the TCA tokamak is phased to excite preferentially Alfven waves with known toroidal and poloidal wave numbers. Surprisingly, the loading spectrum includes both discrete and continuum modes with poloidal wave numbers incompatible with the antenna phasing. These additional modes, which are important for our heating experiments, can be attributed to linear mode coupling induced by the toroidicity of the plasma column, when we take into account ion-cyclotron effects
Implementing Rules with Aritificial Neurons
Rule based systems are an important class of computer languages. The brain, and more recently neuromorphic systems, is based on neurons. This paper describes a mechanism that converts a rule based system, specified by a user, to spiking neurons. The system can then be run in simulated neurons, producing the same output. The conversion is done making use of binary cell assemblies, and finite state automata. The binary cell assemblies, eventually implemented in neurons, implement the states. The rules are converted to a dictionary of facts, and simple finite state automata. This is then cached out to neurons. The neurons can be simulated on standard simulators, like NEST, or on neuromorphic hardware. Parallelism is a benefit of neural system, and rule based systems can take advantage of this parallelism. It is hoped that this work will support further exploration of parallel neural and rule based systems, and su
Semantic diversity:A measure of contextual variation in word meaning based on latent semantic analysis
Investigating Executive Working Memory and Phonological Short-Term Memory in Relation to Fluency and Self-Repair Behavior in L2 Speech
This paper reports the findings of a study investigating the relationship of executive working memory (WM) and phonological short-term memory (PSTM) to fluency and self-repair behavior during an unrehearsed oral task performed by second language (L2) speakers of English at two levels of proficiency, elementary and lower intermediate. Correlational analyses revealed a negative relationship between executive WM and number of pauses in the lower intermediate L2 speakers. However, no reliable association was found in our sample between executive WM or PSTM and self-repair behavior in terms of either frequency or type of self-repair. Taken together, our findings suggest that while executive WM may enhance performance at the conceptualization and formulation stages of the speech production process, self-repair behavior in L2 speakers may depend on factors other than working memory
Towards a framework for attention cueing in instructional animations: Guidelines for research and design
This paper examines the transferability of successful cueing approaches from text and static visualization research to animations. Theories of visual attention and learning as
well as empirical evidence for the instructional effectiveness of attention cueing are reviewed and, based on Mayerâs theory of multimedia learning, a framework was developed for classifying three functions for cueing: (1) selectionâcues guide attention
to specific locations, (2) organizationâcues emphasize structure, and (3) integrationâcues explicate relations between and within elements. The framework was used to structure the
discussion of studies on cueing in animations. It is concluded that attentional cues may facilitate the selection of information in animations and sometimes improve learning, whereas organizational and relational cueing requires more consideration on how to enhance understanding. Consequently, it is suggested to develop cues that work in animations rather than borrowing effective cues from static representations. Guidelines for future research on attention cueing in animations are presented
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High-Q plasmas in the TFTR tokamak
In the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor, the highest neutron source strength S{sub n} and D-D fusion power gain Q{sub DD} are realized in the neutral-beam fueled and heated supershot'' regime that occurs after extensive wall conditioning to minimize recycling. For the best supershots, S{sub n} increases approximately as P{sub b}{sup 1.8}. The highest-Q shots are characterized by high T{sub e}, T{sub i}, and stored energy highly peaked density profiles, broad T{sub e} profiles, and lower Z{sub eff}. Replacement of critical areas of the graphite limiter tiles with carbon-fiber composite tiles, and improved alignment with the plasma, have mitigated the carbon bloom.'' Wall conditioning by lithium pellet injection prior to the beam pulse reduces carbon influx and particle recycling. Empirically, Q{sub DD} increases with decreasing pre-injection carbon radiation, and increases strongly with density peakedness during the beam pulse. To date the best fusion results are S{sub n} = 5 {times} 10{sup 16} n/s, Q{sub DD} = 1.85 {times} 10{sup {minus}3}, and neutron yield = 4.0 {times} 10{sup 16} n/pulse, obtained at I{sub p} = 1.6 to 1.9 MA and beam energy E{sub b} = 95 to 103 keV, with nearly balanced co- and counter-injected beam power. Computer simulations of supershot plasmas show that typically 50--60% of S{sub n} arises from beam-target reactions, with the remainder divided between beam-beam and thermonuclear reactions, the thermonuclear fraction increasing with P{sub b}. The simulations predict that Q{sub DT} = 0.3 to 0.4 would be obtained for the best present plasma conditions, if half the deuterium neutral beams were to be replaced by tritium beams. Somewhat higher values are calculated if D beams are injected into a predominantly tritium target plasma. The projected central beta of fusion alphas is 0.4--0.6%, a level sufficient for the study of alpha-induced collective effects. 16 refs., 8 figs., 3 tabs
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