The Relationship between the Real Effective Exchange Rate and Industrial Production in the Turkish Economy

The industrial sector is one of the key sectors for the Turkish economy in terms of production, employment and exports. The volatility in the exchange rate in the Turkish economy has important effects on industrial production, as well as many economic variables. The main purpose of this study is to empirically analyse the effects of real effective exchange rate on industrial production for the Turkish economy in the 2009M08-2022M01 period. According to the results of the study, the real effective exchange rate adversely affects the industrial production in the Turkish economy. Other things being equal, the depreciation of the domestic currency increases the foreign demand for industrial products, in line with the economic theory. Considering these relations between real effective exchange rate and industrial production while designing economic policies is important for sustainable economic growth.

The Relationship between Credit Interest, Credit Volume and Net Profit in the Turkish Banking Sector

In the last two decades, foreign capital investments in the financial sector of emerging markets have increased tremendously. Foreign direct investment is now important for every country. With the development of globalization, foreign capital investments have started to take place more in the financial sector. Turkey, which is among the developing countries, is among the preferred countries for foreign direct investments. The regulations that took place after the crises in the banking sector in 2000 and 2001 and the growth trend in the world economies made the banking sector attractive. It cannot be denied that foreign investments have positive contributions to the current account deficit, employment, gross domestic product, and raising quality standards with competition rules. In addition, the indirect effect of foreign capital is a larger increase in the deposit and loan volume of the banking system due to the increase in production, and an increase in trade volume and profit. The secondary effects of foreign capital investments on the sector are that it creates a multiplier effect on service standards, product variety and profit margin together with developing market conditions. This study describes the tests and analyzes on the effect of loan interest net profit and volume of the Turkish banking sector on the net profit of public and private banks. The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of non-performing loans on banks' profits. Since profitability is a very broad concept, models covering the return on assets ratio and return on equity ratio, which are widely used in studies in the literature, have been established. Unlike other studies, the effect of non-performing loans on the net profit margin is also examined. The study is carried out on banks with at least 100 branches operating in Turkey. In practice, the relationship between the net profit margin of non-performing loans, return on assets and return on equity is analyzed using the data for the period 2012-2021

The Effect of Organizational Commitment on Firm Performance: Intergenerational Differences

The main purpose of this research is to determine the effects of the sub-dimensions of organizational commitment (affective, continuance, and normative) on the concept of firm performance. Another aim of the study is to determine whether the sub-dimensions of organizational commitment differ in intergenerational. Within the scope of this aim, employees in banking sector were identified as “population”. This survey was applied to 209 employees in the banking sector in April 2021. Survey results were analyzed by the SPSS-20 program. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that affective commitment does not have a significant effect on firm performance. It has been shows that continuance commitment has a negative and significant effect on firm performance. Also, normative commitment has a positive and significant effect on firm performance. Finally, it was concluded that there was no difference in the affective commitment, continuance commitment, and normative commitment levels of bank employees belonging to the X and Y generations

The Relationship between Credit Interest, Credit Volume and Net Profit in the Turkish Banking Sector

In the last two decades, foreign capital investments in the financial sector of emerging markets have increased tremendously. Foreign direct investment is now important for every country. With the development of globalization, foreign capital investments have started to take place more in the financial sector. Turkey, which is among the developing countries, is among the preferred countries for foreign direct investments. The regulations that took place after the crises in the banking sector in 2000 and 2001 and the growth trend in the world economies made the banking sector attractive. It cannot be denied that foreign investments have positive contributions to the current account deficit, employment, gross domestic product, and raising quality standards with competition rules. In addition, the indirect effect of foreign capital is a larger increase in the deposit and loan volume of the banking system due to the increase in production, and an increase in trade volume and profit. The secondary effects of foreign capital investments on the sector are that it creates a multiplier effect on service standards, product variety and profit margin together with developing market conditions. This study describes the tests and analyzes on the effect of loan interest net profit and volume of the Turkish banking sector on the net profit of public and private banks. The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of non-performing loans on banks' profits. Since profitability is a very broad concept, models covering the return on assets ratio and return on equity ratio, which are widely used in studies in the literature, have been established. Unlike other studies, the effect of non-performing loans on the net profit margin is also examined. The study is carried out on banks with at least 100 branches operating in Turkey. In practice, the relationship between the net profit margin of non-performing loans, return on assets and return on equity is analyzed using the data for the period 2012-2021

Implications of COVID-19 Pandemic on Air Cargo Transportation

Air cargo transportation is a key determinant in meeting the demand for perishable goods, which is highly dependent on timely imports of inputs and exports of semi-finished or finished products as part of global supply and production networks. Airports, which are the doors of countries to the outside world, have been closed to passenger transportation, but never to cargo planes. Because the entry of the goods needed by the countries is important in terms of raw materials and needs. The aim of this article is to show the current situation of air cargo transportation in the world during the pandemic period and to reveal the importance of air cargo transportation in terms of supply chain

Türkiye'de islami ve geleneksel bankaların müşteri farkındalığı ve seçim kriterlerinin değerlendirilmesi

The purpose of this study is to examine customers’selection criteria, banking products/services and customers’ awareness towards Islamic principles offered by CBs and PBs in Turkey. A sample of 1082 respondents from various cities in Turkey is used in the study by the means of questionnaire used to collect the data between the period of 3rd of July – 23rd of September, 2015. Descriptive statistics and chi-square statistics are reported. To our knowledge this study has been carried out based on the most detailed and comprehensive data ever used in terms of comparative analysis of the CBs and the PBs in Turkey.Bu çalışmanın amacı Türkiye'de Katılım Bankaları ve Ticari Bankalar tarafından İslami ilkelere yönelik sunulan bankacılık ürünlerini / hizmetlerini, müşteri seçim kriterleri ve müşteri bilincini incelemektir. Çalışmada, Türkiye'nin çeşitli illerinden 1082 katılımcıdan oluşan bir örneklem kullanılarak 3 Temmuz – 23 Eylül 2015 dönemi arasında anket yoluyla veri toplanmıştır. Tanımlayıcı istatistikler ve ki-kare istatistikleri rapor edilmiştir. Tarafımızca bu çalışma, bugüne kadar Türkiye'de Ticari Bankalar ve Katılım Bankalarının karşılaştırmalı analizi açısından kullanılan en detaylı ve kapsamlı verilere dayalı olarak yapılmıştır

Financial Leasing in Manufacturing and Production Sector: The Case of Turkey

Financial leasing is the transaction  in which a property needed by an investor (lessee) is leased for a contractual specified period of time through purchasing by a financial leasing company. A financial leasing takes place with a contract made between an investor and a financial leasing company.  The advantage of financial leading for an investor is that they can use the significant amount of money they have to allocate when they purchase the property in more strategical investments. Financial leasing is commonly used in the world and is also important for developing countries. Financial leasing transactions are carried out in Turkey, which is one of the developing countries with a legislation. Most of the sectors in which financial leasing transactions are made in Turkey are manufacturing, service and agriculture. The aim of this study is to determine the differences between the state of financial leasing in Turkey and  in the world by evaluating the operation, advantages and disadvantages of financial leasing

The Effect of Organizational Commitment on Firm Performance: Intergenerational Differences

The main purpose of this research is to determine the effects of the sub-dimensions of organizational commitment (affective, continuance, and normative) on the concept of firm performance. Another aim of the study is to determine whether the sub-dimensions of organizational commitment differ in intergenerational. Within the scope of this aim, employees in banking sector were identified as “population”. This survey was applied to 209 employees in the banking sector in April 2021. Survey results were analyzed by the SPSS-20 program. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that affective commitment does not have a significant effect on firm performance. It has been shows that continuance commitment has a negative and significant effect on firm performance. Also, normative commitment has a positive and significant effect on firm performance. Finally, it was concluded that there was no difference in the affective commitment, continuance commitment, and normative commitment levels of bank employees belonging to the X and Y generations

Economic and Legal Aspects of Air Transport in Turkey

 The aviation sector has highlighted the importance of economic and legal regulations in conjunction with the changes in the conditions of competition with the acceleration of globalization. The regulations in the aviation sector directly or indirectly affect the airline operators, which is critical as a result of its effects on the economic systems of the countries. Legal responsibilities in terms of influencing passenger rights and competition law issues; has a natural impact on shaping aviation regulations, sector dynamics and competitive conditions which is effecting the dynamic structure of the sector. This study aims to examine the economic and legal aspects of air transportation carried out in Turkey and to contribute to the literature as a result of the researches

KURUMSAL YÖNETİM İLKELERİNE UYUM DÜZEYİ: BIST BANKALAR ENDEKSİ ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME

20’nci yüzyılın son çeyreğinde önem kazanan kurumsal yönetim olgusuna yönelik SPK tarafından kurumsal yönetim ilkeleri belirlenmiş ve hisseleri borsada işlem gören kuruluşların bu ilkelere uyum göstermesi yasal bir zorunluluk haline getirilmiştir. Çalışma, finansal sektörde önemli bir yere sahip olan bankaların kurumsal yönetim ilkelerine uyum düzeyinin tespiti amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu çerçevede bankalar tarafından kamuya açıklanan kurumsal yönetim ilkeleri uyum raporları incelenmiş, ayrıca kurumsal yönetim derecelendirme notları değerlendirmede dikkate alınmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, araştırma kapsamındaki bankaların kurumsal yönetim ilkelerine üst düzeyde uyum sağlamasına karşın 6 bankanın kurumsal yönetim ilkelerine uyum düzeyinin bağımsız derecelendirme kuruluşlarınca değerlendirilmediği görülmüştür. Ayrıca bankaların tabi olduğu bankacılık mevzuatı hükümleri ile kurumsal yönetim ilkeleri arasındaki birtakım uyuşmazlıklar nedeniyle uyum sağlanamayan ilkelerin büyük ölçüde benzeşmesi dikkat çekici bulunmuştur. Bu nedenle mevzuat hükümleri arasındaki uyuşmazlıkların giderilmesi veya bankaların öncelikli olarak bankacılık mevzuatına tabi oldukları dikkate alınarak, mevzuatlar arası uyuşmazlıklar nedeniyle uyum sağlanamayan ilkelerden muaf tutulmaları önerilmektedir