Infarct volume.

<p>TTC staining (A-N) in the sham-, vehicle-pre- and post-, 10 and 20 mg/kg ASA, DA and ASA-DA-ischemia-group at 48 h after ischemia-reperfusion. In the vehicle-ischemia-group, infarct areas are apparent. Only in the 20 mg/kg ASA-DA-pre-ischemia-group, the infarct area is notably decreased. Percentage change in infarct volume (O) (n = 7 per group; *P < 0.05, significantly different from the sham-group, #P < 0.05, significantly different from the vehicle-ischemia-group; +P < 0.05, significantly different from the corresponding same treated -group). The bars indicate the means ± SD.</p

Rotarod test and PET-CT imaging.

<p>Rotarod test (A) and PET-CT imaging (B) in the sham-, vehicle-, ASA-DA-pre-ischemia-groups. Only pretreatment with 20 mg/kg ASA-DA significantly ameliorates motor activity and impaired glucose metabolism (asterisks) (n = 7 per group; *P < 0.05, significantly different from the sham-group, #P < 0.05, significantly different from the vehicle-ischemia-group). The bars indicate the means ± SD.</p

Synthesis of ASA-DA.

<p>Synthesis of ASA-DA.</p

NeuN immunohistochemistry and F-J B histofluorescence.

<p>NeuN immunohistochemistry (A-E) and F-J B histofluorescence (F-J) in the CA1 region of the vehicle-sham-, vehicle-ischemia-, 10 and 20 mg/kg ASA-DA-pre-ischemia-groups at 5 days after ischemia-reperfusion. NeuN immunoreactivity is easily detected in the stratum pyramidale (SP) of the CA1 region of the vehicle-sham- and 20 mg/kg ASA-DA-pre-ischemia-groups. In the vehicle-ischemia- and 10 mg/kg ASA-DA-pre-ischemia-groups, many F-J B+ cells are detected in the SP (asterisks). Relative analysis (E and J) as percent in the mean number of NeuN+ and F-J B+ cells in the CA1 region (n = 7 per group; *P < 0.05, significantly different from the vehicle- sham-group, #P < 0.05, significantly different from the vehicle-ischemia-group). The bars indicate the means ± SD.</p

GFAP (A), Iba-1 (B), SOD1 (C), SOD2 (D), CAT (E) and Gpx (F) immunohistochemistry.

<p>All of them in the CA1 region of the vehicle- and 20 mg/kg ASA-DA-pre-ischemia-groups at sham, 2 and 5 days after ischemia-reperfusion. In the vehicle-ischemia-group at 5 days post-ischemia, GFAP immunoreactivity increases in all the layers, and Iba-1 immunoreactivity is aggregated in the stratum pyramidale (SP). In the 20 mg/kg ASA-DA-pre-ischemia-group at 5 days post-ischemia, GFAP and Iba-1 immunoreactivity are much lower than those in the vehicle-ischemia-group at 5 days post-ischemia-group. In the vehicle-ischemia-group at 5 days post-ischemia, SOD1, 2, CAT and Gpx immunoreactivity are weakly detected in the stratum pyramidale. However, their immunoreactivity is well maintained or increased in the stratum pyramidale of the 20 mg/kg ASA-DA-ischemia-group at 5 days post-ischemia. SO; stratum oriens, SR; stratum radiatum. Scale bar = 50 µm.</p