THE INFLUENCE OF THE TREATMENT OF IMPULSE PRESSURE ON LIPID PEROXIDATION AND THE CONTENT OF ANTIOXIDANTS IN WHEAT GRAINS DURING AGING

Background. The aging of seeds results in physiological and biochemical changes such as decrease of the activity of antioxidants (AO), and structural and functional degradation of proteins due to lipid peroxidation (LP), as well as degradation of membranes and DNA. Purpose. Identification of the traits of the antioxidant system of wheat grains with powdery and vitreous endosperm during aging and under the influence of a stressor. Materials and methods. Soft wheat grains were treated with impulse pressure (IP) and stored for 3 years. Germination was determined. The content AO was determined by the o-phenanthroline method, and LP products were assessed by the reaction of malonic dialdehyde with thiobarbituric acid. Results. Germination of control seeds with powdery endosperm after storage for 3 years was the lowest (20%). In control part of seeds with vitreous endosperm, germination was 27%. ID increased the amount of seeds with vitreous endosperm and germination. The content of AO in control grains with powdery endosperm was higher than in vitreous grains, and the content of LP products was lower. After the treatment of IP the content of AO increased in vitreous grains; it did not change as compared to the control in powdery grains. The content of LP products in the grains treated with ID 11 MPa was lower than in the control variant. An increase in POL at ID 29 MPa indicates the accumulation of damage; Conclusion. During the storage of wheat grains, germination decreased mainly due to the appearance of dead grains. The greatest decrease in germination was observed in grains with powdery endosperm. IP promoted vitrification of biopolymers which led to an increase in germination as compared to the control after 3 years of storage. A higher content of AO in grains with vitreous endosperm after IP treatment and storage contributed to the preservation of grain viability during storage

Current Trends in the Development of Neuroscientific Research in Education

Modern neuroscience is making significant progress in the study of brain functions, which can be of great importance for the education. However, there is a gap between current neuroscientific evidence on how the brain learns and its direct application in classrooms. What can neuroscientists, psychologists, and educators do to improve the interaction between neuroscience and education? In this article, we attempt to answer this question by examining the essentials of educational neuroscience as an interdisciplinary field of research at the intersection of neuroscience, pedagogy, and cognitive science, which seeks to translate research on the neural mechanisms of learning into educational practice and understand the impact of education on the learner's brain. In the first part of the article we describe the origins and current progress of neuroscience in education, discuss terminological uncertainty in the Russian scientific literature on the relationship between neuroscience and education, as well as possible and, in our opinion, most promising ways of interaction between psychology, pedagogy and neuroscience. In the second part of the article we analyze the main directions of contemporary research in the field of neuroscience, based on the Scopus database of scientific information

Socio-economic conflict: The concept and typology

The article reveals the concept of socio-economic conflict, its typology is given. Key approaches to the study of socio-economic conflict are described, which allow us to confirm, that with increasing of socio-economic conflicts, the need for their constructive settlement and resolution is brewing. Socio-economic conflict, been developing in the sphere of social production and distribution of social wealth among large social communities and institutions, is accompanied by extreme tension and confusion in society. The following research methods are used in the article: structural-functional and subject-activity. The authors come to the conclusion that the socio-economic conflicts are often found in practice, as they are related to the quality of life of the individual. Furthermore, such conflicts may be transformed and take on political overtones, thereby to escalate into largescale clashes of interests of entire social groups. Despite its conditional nature, typology of socio-economic conflicts contributes to the disclosure of the nature and content of socio-economic conflict (object, subject, subjects, etc.), as well as developing practical recommendations for the effective management and regulation of risks, and conflicts in the sphere of socio-economic security

Gene transfer to mice organs using non-viral systems for targeted delivery with different hydrophobicity and with lactose addressing group

Biodistribution of lipoplexes formed of cholenim substances I-III, containing one, two or three cholesterol moieties, and eukaryotic 14C-DNA and(or) reporter gene into mice organs using a variety of administration routes (intraperitoneally, i.p.; portal vein or left renal artery) is studied in this paper. It is shown that biodistribution doesn't depend on lipoplex lipid composition under i.p. administration, and depends on lipid nature under vein and artery administration. Effective in vivo transfection and reporter gene expression are demonstrated under portal vein administration of lipoplex formed of dicholenim II and lactosylated lipid IV (1 to 1 mass ratio). In the case, the β-Gal gene expression (above 0,3 mcg/g of tissue) is demonstrated in lungs, liver and spleen histochemically and spectrophotometrically. Introduction of cholesterol moieties into oligoethylenimine structure results in optimal hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity ratio, their stabilization, and optimal value of critical constant of micelle formation. There are certain outlooks due to usage of the lipoplexes described for targeted gene delivery

Prevalence of sleep disorders in teenage girls in Irkutsk (questionnaire data)

Background. Adequate sleep ensures a person’s physical and psycho-emotional well-being. Adolescence is one of the critical stages of life. The exclusive attention of specialists and leveling the impact of adverse factors on the body during this period is the key to the proper development and preservation of the health of adolescents. Meanwhile, sleep problems in teenage girls remain poorly understood.The aim. To study the features of the sleep regime and quality of sleep of teenage girls in the city of Irkutsk.Materials and methods. A survey of 422 teenage girls in the city of Irkutsk was conducted using a translated version of a questionnaire about adolescent sleep habits to subjectively assess their sleep and wakefulness. Two groups were formed: group I – girls with sleep problems (n = 171); group II – girls without sleep problems (n = 251).Results. Sleep disorders among teenage girls in the city of Irkutsk occurred with a frequency of 40.52 %. In most cases, a complex effect of various unfavorable factors on the sleep process has been identified. The adolescents with sleep disorders we  examined were characterized by higher rates of sleep latency, later bedtime, earlier awakening, decreased time of night sleep, as well as changes in the sleep shift indicator towards its increase. These violations were noted both on weekdays and on weekends.Conclusions. Sleep problems were reported in 40.52% of respondents. The complex impact of various unfavorable factors on sleep quality has been revealed. The features of sleep hygiene of teenage girls are reflected. The group of girls with sleep problems was characterized by increased sleep latency, later bedtime, earlier awakening, reduced sleep time, and an increase in sleep shift

Sensing of surface and bulk refractive index using magnetophotonic crystal with hybrid magneto-optical response

We propose an all-dielectric magneto-photonic crystal with a hybrid magneto-optical response that allows for the simultaneous measurements of the surface and bulk refractive index of the analyzed substance. The approach is based on two different spectral features of the magneto-optical response corresponding to the resonances in p-and s-polarizations of the incident light. Angular spectra of p-polarized light have a step-like behavior near the total internal reflection angle which position is sensitive to the bulk refractive index. S-polarized light excites the TE-polarized optical Tamm surface mode localized in a submicron region near the photonic crystal surface and is sensitive to the refractive index of the near-surface analyte. We propose to measure a hybrid magneto-optical intensity modulation of p-polarized light obtained by switching the magnetic field between the transverse and polar configurations. The transversal component of the external magnetic field is responsible for the magneto-optical resonance near total internal reflection conditions, and the polar component reveals the resonance of the Tamm surface mode. Therefore, both surface-and bulk-associated features are present in the magneto-optical spectra of the p-polarized light

Metabolism and obesity: role of leptin receptor gene

Background. Currently more than 119 obesity-related polymorphisms is known to participate in adult obesity. One of them is LEPR Q223R. Many researches shown association of this polymorphism with adult obesity. However, the role of LEPR Q223R in adolescent overweight and obesity is the matter of dispute. Aim: to determine association of polymorphism Q223R of LEPR gene with some biochemical and hormonal measurements of blood in female adolescents with normal weight and with overweight and obesity. Materials and methods. A total of 103 female adolescents (14-17 years of age) was examined. All girls were divided into 2 groups: 43 girls with normal weight (SDS BM 10.311 ± 0.585), and 65 girls with overweight and obesity (SDS BMI 2.255± 0.739) (р < 0.0001). Height, weight, BM1, SDS BM1 were measured. Laboratory tests included triglycerides, total cholesterol and its fraction, TTH, free thyroxin and leptin. All girls were genotyped on carrier of LEPR Q223R. Statistical analysis was provided by software Statistica 8.0 using nonparametric Mann - Whitney methods and Chi-square test with Yates correction. Results. Significant association of carrying RR-genotype with increase of SDS BM1 (p = 0.006), THS (p = 0.006) and decrease of free thyroxin was shown in control group. Conclusion. Our results showed the association of R-allele with increase of SDS BM1, THS and decrease T4 free in control group