The effectiveness of knowledge-based cognitive therapy on resilience of spouses of schizophrenic patients

Background and aims: The spouses of people with schizophrenia experience much stress due to their spouses' disease, which leads to certain problems and decreased adjustability and efficiency in them. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) on resilience in schizophrenia patients. Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 40 wives of patients with schizophrenia (20 assigned to experimental group and 20 to control group) whose husbands were kept in rehabilitation centers for mental disorders and they were enrolled according to cluster sampling. In the experimental group, the therapeutic protocol of MBCT was conducted as intervention. Study instrument was Connor and Davidson Resilience Scale. Data were analyzed by ANCOVA in SPSS. Results: The results showed that mean resilience score in the post-test of the experimental group (77.95±4.71) was much higher than that of the control group (71.75±5.81). There was a significant difference in the mean resilience score at post-test between the experimental and control groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: Training MBCT strategies was effective on resilience in the wives of schizophrenia patients. Therefore, this approach can be incorporated into mental health-related interventions for the families of patients with psychiatric diseases such as schizophrenia

Soil oxidoreductase zymography: Visualizing spatial distributions of peroxidase and phenol oxidase activities at the root-soil interface

Decomposition of organic material in the rhizosphere – the most dynamic microbial habitat in soil – involves arrays of oxidoreductase and hydrolytic enzymes. Spatial distributions of various hydrolytic activities in soil have already been explored by zymographic techniques. However, the distribution of oxidative activity in the rhizosphere remains to be studied. Thus, we extended a Time-Lapse Zymography technique, using Amplex Red® reagent, to visualize and quantify distributions of phenol oxidase and peroxidase activities in the rhizosphere of Zea mays L. growing in a Haplic Phaeozem and the non-rhizospheric soil. The gross oxidative activity was greatest at the root surfaces, and fell to background soil levels 1.26 and 0.73 mm from seminal (&gt;1 mm diameter) and lateral (&lt;0.5 mm diameter) roots, respectively. The rhizosphere extent relative to the root radius was 59% broader around lateral than around seminal roots. The greatest activities, up to 30 nmol cm−2 min−1, were peroxidase-dominated and closely associated with roots. The results confirm the utility of the approach for studying spatio-temporal distributions of oxidative activities in soil. However, actual activity of oxidoreductases in the field will be strongly controlled by fluctuating environmental conditions such as soil aeration and the gradient of reactive oxygen species, which need to be considered especially in anoxic soils. © 2022 Elsevier Lt

The prevalence and correlates of fissured tongue among outpatients in andkhoy city, afghanistan: A cross-sectional study

Background: Fissured tongue is a common manifestation of the tongue, marked by the presence of multiple prominent grooves or fissures on the dorsal surface of the tongue. However, there is a lack of studies focusing on the prevalence and factors associated with fissured tongue among patients attending an outpatient clinic in Afghanistan. Aim: The purpose of the current study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with fissured tongue and its effects on the general health of adult outpatients in Afghanistan. Patients and Methods: The cross-sectional survey was conducted among outpatient populations in Andkhoy City, Afghanistan, between September 2019 and December 2019. A convenience technique was applied by including 1182 patient aged 18�80 years. Socio-economic status, smoking, nass use (smokeless tobacco use) and medical data were collected using face-to-face interviews. We used logistic regression analysis to identify factors associated with fissured tongue. A convenience technique was applied by including patient aged 18�80 years. Results: The studied population consisted of 1182 participants, of whom 573 (48.5) were males and 609 (51.5) females. The prevalence of fissured tongue was 27.2 (95 CI: 24.7�29.9) with males having significantly higher prevalence than females (47.5, 95 CI: 43.3�51.6 versus 8.2, 95 CI: 6.2�10.7, p<0.001). Male participants (OR=7.1, 95 CI: 4.8�10.3), diabetes mellitus (OR=1.6, 95 CI: 1.1�2.3) and smokeless tobacco use (OR=12.0, 95 CI: 8.1�17.6) were the only variables independently associated with fissured tongue. Conclusion: This study suggested that there was a high rate of fissured tongue among an outpatient clinic in Andkhoy, Afghanistan. Male gender, diabetes mellitus, and nass consumption were associated with fissured tongue. Therefore, these factors might usefully be targeted in local health promotion, prevention and early intervention programs. © 2021 Hamrah et al

The prevalence and correlates of fissured tongue among outpatients in andkhoy city, afghanistan: A cross-sectional study

Background: Fissured tongue is a common manifestation of the tongue, marked by the presence of multiple prominent grooves or fissures on the dorsal surface of the tongue. However, there is a lack of studies focusing on the prevalence and factors associated with fissured tongue among patients attending an outpatient clinic in Afghanistan. Aim: The purpose of the current study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with fissured tongue and its effects on the general health of adult outpatients in Afghanistan. Patients and Methods: The cross-sectional survey was conducted among outpatient populations in Andkhoy City, Afghanistan, between September 2019 and December 2019. A convenience technique was applied by including 1182 patient aged 18�80 years. Socio-economic status, smoking, nass use (smokeless tobacco use) and medical data were collected using face-to-face interviews. We used logistic regression analysis to identify factors associated with fissured tongue. A convenience technique was applied by including patient aged 18�80 years. Results: The studied population consisted of 1182 participants, of whom 573 (48.5) were males and 609 (51.5) females. The prevalence of fissured tongue was 27.2 (95 CI: 24.7�29.9) with males having significantly higher prevalence than females (47.5, 95 CI: 43.3�51.6 versus 8.2, 95 CI: 6.2�10.7, p<0.001). Male participants (OR=7.1, 95 CI: 4.8�10.3), diabetes mellitus (OR=1.6, 95 CI: 1.1�2.3) and smokeless tobacco use (OR=12.0, 95 CI: 8.1�17.6) were the only variables independently associated with fissured tongue. Conclusion: This study suggested that there was a high rate of fissured tongue among an outpatient clinic in Andkhoy, Afghanistan. Male gender, diabetes mellitus, and nass consumption were associated with fissured tongue. Therefore, these factors might usefully be targeted in local health promotion, prevention and early intervention programs. © 2021 Hamrah et al