Avoiding Edmund : reading acknowledgment as failure in Stanley Cavell’s King Lear

Critics of King Lear often remark that the play feels like a dramatic failure despite its place at the very top of the Shakespearean canon. Using Stanley Cavell’s famous essay on the play, “The Avoidance of Love,” as a framework for interpreting Lear, I argue that an epistemological and ethical failure lies at the heart of the play: an inability to acknowledge the presence of others. In my reading, Cavell’s essay works emotively rather than argumentatively, by approximating the affective scenario of King Lear. Appropriately, Cavell’s essay falters in the same way that Shakespeare’s play does: it cannot attempt to acknowledge other minds without enacting the failure of that very effort. I consider this failure primarily in relation to Edmund, the play’s chief antagonist. Using Cavell’s understanding of what it means to be present before others and before oneself, I show that Edmund’s final words are a brief and poignant instance in which he realizes his true position relative to other minds and his own. I argue that Cavell’s argument fails to properly consider Edmund by its own terms, and in doing so, it enacts its own subject: the impossibility of acknowledging the presence of the other. Moving to Lear’s Fool, I argue that the Fool functions as a voice of political consciousness, comparing his position to Cavell’s own context. The Fool imagines a world where the failure of acknowledgment leaves everyone “darkling.” Ultimately, the play imagines human relationships in essentially pessimistic terms: the attempt to recognize the other results in the erasure of any sense of commonalityEnglis

Iran's Quandary on Nagorno-Karabakh

The Azerbaijan-Armenia war on Nagorno-Karabakh was a serious challenge for the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic in Iran

Long-lived and unstable modes of Brownian suspensions in microchannels

We investigate the stability of the pressure-driven, low-Reynolds flow of Brownian suspensions with spherical particles in microchannels. We find two general families of stable/unstable modes: (i) degenerate modes with symmetric and anti-symmetric patterns; (ii) single modes that are either symmetric or anti-symmetric. The concentration profiles of degenerate modes have strong peaks near the channel walls, while single modes diminish there. Once excited, both families would be detectable through high-speed imaging. We find that unstable modes occur in concentrated suspensions whose velocity profiles are sufficiently flattened near the channel centreline. The patterns of growing unstable modes suggest that they are triggered due to Brownian migration of particles between the central bulk that moves with an almost constant velocity, and highly-sheared low-velocity region near the wall. Modes are amplified because shear-induced diffusion cannot efficiently disperse particles from the cavities of the perturbed velocity field.Comment: 11 pages, accepted for publication in Journal of Fluid Mechanic

Bioaccumulation of some heavy metals and histopathological alterations in liver of Euryglossa orientalis and Psettodes erumei along North Coast of the Persian Gulf

In order to make evaluation of some heavy metals bioaccumulation and explore their histopathological effects on hepatocytes of oriental sole (Euryglossa orientalis) and deep flounder (Psettodes erumei), fishes were caught from two areas of north coast of the Persian Gulf, Bandar Abbass and Bandar Lengeh. Concentrations of nickel (Ni) and vanadium (V) in liver of both species in two sampling regions were in the following order: Bandar abbass> Bandar lengeh. Between the two species, these quantities were higher in P. erumei than E. orientalis in both sampling regions. Histopathology of the liver shows some cellular alterations including degeneration, necrosis and tissue disruption, and histopathological effects were severe in P. erumei than E. orientalis. Results showed that Bandar Abbass region was more polluted than Bandar Lengeh and because Ni and V were oil pollution indicators and two flat fishes were benthic, they can receive considerable amount of oil pollution through their biological activities like feeding. Also, higher amounts of heavy metal concentrations and major histopathological effects in E. orientalis showed strong relationship between benthic habitat of the fish and amounts of received pollutants from water and sediments since E. orientalis is more related to the bottom than P. erumei.Key words: Vanadium, nickel flatfishes, Persian Gulf

Mixed cropping of annual feed legumes with barley improves feed quantity and crude protein content under dry-land conditions

The objective of this research is to determine a suitable mixture of annual feed legumes and barley as a winter crop under dry-land conditions. Seeds of Hungarian vetch (cv. 2670), smooth vetch (cv. Maragheh), and local varieties of grass pea and field pea were mixed with barley (cv. Abidar) in a 1:1 ratio and were tested, along with related monoculture. All legumes in the mixture survived winter while legumes alone, except Hungarian vetch, did not survive in the cold areas. The maximum fresh and dry forage yields (56 and 15 ton ha-1 respectively) were obtained from a mixture of smooth vetch and barley in provinces with mild winter and more than 400 mm of rainfall. The mixture of barley and smooth vetch resulted in the highest mean crude protein content (17%). Autumn seeding of smooth vetch and barley in a 1:1 ratio produced more than 2 ton ha-1 of dry biomass with good quality in all studied areas and thus could serve as an alternative cropping system after wheat/barley in cold and semi-cold dry land

Made in West - A Study of the West's Role in the Iranian Revolution 1979

Did the West - USA, UK, France and West-Germany - overthrow the Shah of Iran year 1979? Many Iranians believe so. Therefore the purpose of this thesis is to examine the role of the West in the Iranian revolution. The question which will be answered is: what are the motives that talk for respectively against the statement that the West overthrew the Shah of Iran? The method used is motive analyzes which analyzes the motives for and against the statement above. Neorealism, which claims that states are the main actors in international relations and for them the survival is everything, is used as a theory. The motives which have been analyzed in favor of the statement is that the Shah controlled the Persian Gulf oil, flirted with the Soviet Union, industrialized Iran and increased Iran's influence in the world, something which scared the West. The motives against the statement are that the Shah was a friend of the West, stopped the influence of the Soviet Union in the Middle East, was important for Israel's security and that instability in Iran would increase the oil prices. The conclusion is that the Shah was a threat against the security of West and therefore the West overthrew him in order to decrease Iran's power

“O, Shah of Iran, Return Back to Iran”

For 39 years the Islamic Republic have been in power in Iran. Millions of books, articles, movies, series, radio programs and speeches have been produced by the regime to demolish the Shah. For 39 years have the propaganda machines of the regime been active in tyrannizing the Shah. And yet, they have failed