« Ein Schatzfund Hephtalitischer Drachmen aus Baktrien », in : M. Alram, H. Winter, eds., Festschrift für Günther Dembski [Numismatische Zeitschrift 116/117 Band]. Wien, 2008, p. 253-268.

Find of 30 silver drachms belonging to a German collector and originating from Afghanistan in 1990. One of the coins is a genuine SNS type IIIb/1c of Pēroz, while the rest (29) are Hephthalite imitations. The Hephthalite coins are divided into two major groups (Group 1 with two major variants and Group 2 with one variant) and all bear the mint-mark of Balkh (Bac. Baxlo). The main difference between the two groups seems to be that the Group 2 show more ‘barbarized’ legends which are often ille..

Creating a Supportive and Effective Learning Environment for Engineering Students: Pedagogical Strategies, Engagement, and Enhanced Outcomes

Engineering education requires a strong emphasis on problem-solving, critical thinking, and practical application of knowledge. To achieve the highest quality of teaching, educators must create a trusting environment that allows students to feel comfortable asking questions and performing to the best of their abilities. This paper outlines the teaching philosophy and practices of an engineering lecturer who has adapted his pedagogical approach across several universities in Sweden and abroad. The author emphasizes the importance of being flexible and responsive to student needs, offering early and constructive feedback, and providing students a safe and supportive learning environment with opportunities to develop programming skills. The paper also includes comments from students that reflect the author’s effectiveness as an educator in creating a supportive and challenging learning environment for engineering students

Causal relationships between integrative motivation, self-efficacy, strategy use and English language achievement

Due to students' poor level of English achievement in Iran and the fact that some language institutes attribute this problem to students' lack of motivation, this study aimed to investigate the effect of motivation on students' English achievement. In this research motivation is considered in relation to certain individual difference variables which may have important effects on motivation and L2 learning but no attention has been given to them in Iranian English learning context. Hence, this study intended to investigate the causal interrelations between the variables namely, attitudes toward the learning situation, integrativeness, motivation, strategy use, self-efficacy, and English language achievement. To this end, an adapted form of Gardner's (2001a) socioeducational model of second/foreign language learning was used. Research participants were 240 intermediate EFL learners at the Iran Language Institute. The participants were administered the Attitude Motivation Test Battery [AMTB], the Self-Efficacy Questionnaire [SEQ], and the Strategy Inventory for Language Learning [SILL]. Results yielded by Structural Equation Modeling showed that motivation had a direct significant influence on English achievement. However, the effect of motivation on English achievement was stronger when it was affected by attitudes toward the learning situation, integrativeness, and self-efficacy. Thus, to improve students' English achievement in Iranian EFL context, it is necessary to consider not only motivation but also self-efficacy and attitudes, on which students' motivation depend

The reactions of the sodium-, potassium-, and the lithium tungsten bronzes in the solid state

The first part of this dissertation has the intention of determining whether MoO3 forms solid solutions with Na-W bronze corresponding to the formula NaWO3(1-x) (MoO3)x and whether the so-called “sodium-molybdenum bronze” exists. The next part is concerned with the solubility of K-W bronze in Li-W bronze at high temperatures, in a vacuum, and the last part or this work has the intention of studying the solubility of K-W bronze in Na-W bronze at different temperatures. The interest in this work is of a purely scientific nature rather than of academic interest --Introduction, page 1

Spectral Hong–Ou–Mandel Interference between Independently Generated Single Photons for Scalable Frequency-Domain Quantum Processing

The photon's frequency degree of freedom, being compatible with mature telecom infrastructure, offers large potential for the stable and controllable realization of photonic quantum processing applications such as the quantum internet. The Hong–Ou–Mandel effect, as a two-photon interference phenomenon, serves as a central building block for such frameworks. A key element yet missing to enable meaningful frequency-based implementations as well as scalability in the number of processed photons, is the demonstration of the Hong–Ou–Mandel effect between independently created photons of different frequencies. The experimental implementation of bosonic and fermionic frequency domain Hong–Ou–Mandel interference between independently generated single photons is reported here, with measured visibilities of 74.31% ± 3.56% and 86.44% ± 8.27%, respectively. This is achieved through a scalable photonic frequency circuit that creates two post-selected pure single photons, which undergo frequency mixing at an electro-optic phase modulator. The system is on-the-fly reconfigurable allowing to probe bosonic and fermionic Hong–Ou–Mandel interference in the same experimental setup. The work demonstrates the versatility of frequency domain processing and its scalability toward higher photon numbers, which enables new quantum gate concepts as well as the establishment of frequency-based large-scale quantum networks. © 2021 The Authors. Laser & Photonics Reviews published by Wiley-VCH Gmb

Jashn-e Bahmangaan

This song celebrates the Jashn-e Bahmangaan festival in Iran. On the day Bahman and the month Bahman, a celebration is held to honor the first Amshaaspand (Holy Immortal), representing AhuraMazdaa’s attribute of Good Thoughts (اندیشه نیک). Bahman is also known as Vohooman (وهومن), or Vohoomana (وهومنه). It means Good (خوب و نیک), Thinking (اندیشیدن), Remembering (به یاد آوردن), and understanding (دریافتن). According to the Zoroastrian/Iranian literature, Bahman represents the first creation of AhuraMazdaa. It was Bahman that taught humans the skills of thinking and problem solving. The wisdom and knowledge that people have (both acquired and innate) are gifts of the Creator so that they can continue to learn and improve their lives. That is the reason why Zoroaster emphasized freedom of choice (آزادیِ گزینش در زندگی) in his teachings. Before making important decisions, individuals are encouraged to consult with other wise and knowledgeable people. They are also encouraged to avoid unnecessary conflicts and wars by negotiating with the opponents and seeking peace.https://digitalcommons.cwu.edu/kaviani/1005/thumbnail.jp