11 research outputs found
ΠΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π² ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΡ
The article is dedicated to analysis of the approaches used to study mass consciousness and the methods of their dynamics research. The two following approaches are reviewed: aggregative and group. The author shows that the study of the dynamics of mass consciousness in the modern day science is performed via computer modeling applying agent-oriented models and mass surveys of public opinion. Special attention is given to the concept of mass consciousness according to B. Grushin, where the mass consciousness is analyzed as a complex phenomenon according to its structure and the formation process. It is further analyzed what this particular concept is able to provide for the mass consciousness studies in the times of crises, similar to the situation of the military conflict at the East. It is then proven that the dialectic approach should be used as the basis for the mass consciousness studies adjusted for the interaction dynamics between the individual and collective, spontaneous and the institutionalized inside the collective consciousness. The mass consciousness is a complex structural formation, both heterogeneous and syncretical. Inside this structure one must distinguish between the layers that differ in depth and mobility and pay attention to its various conditions. The layers represent different worldviews, where, depending on the situation, scientific, religious or mystical images of the world can be actualized along with their ideological, moral and aesthetic precepts. These can cross, merge or coexist without contradicting each other and get actualized to a different extent. Besides the aforementioned the mass consciousness serves as a carrier of different kinds of deep, hard to change formations, such as Β«historical/collective memoryΒ», memlexes as well as superficial, most actualized forms, such as mems. It has Β«public/formalΒ», socially accepted, and Β«private/realΒ» levels that manifest themselves, in particular, in the forms of doublethink. In the conditions of military conflict all of this is getting complicated by the social mimicry. The states of mass consciousness are β public opinion and public attitude. In order to perform analysis of the interactions of spontaneous and institutional signal types inside the mass consciousness one can use the instruments of TouchPoint analysis applied in marketing.Π£ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ·Π³Π»ΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ ΡΠ²ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΡΠΊΠΈ. Π ΠΎΠ·Π³Π»ΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΡΡ Π΄Π²Π° ΠΏΡΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ: Π°Π³ΡΠ΅Π³Π°ΡΡΠΉΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ° Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΡΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΈΠ²Π° ΡΠ²Π°Π³Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ ΡΠ²ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π. ΠΡΡΡΠΈΠ½Π°, Π² ΡΠΊΡΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²Π° ΡΠ²ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΌΡΡΡΡ Ρ ΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π·Π° ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΎΡ ΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ. ΠβΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡΡΡΡΡ, ΡΠΎ ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ ΡΠ²ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Ρ ΠΊΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ΄, ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ Π²ΡΠΉΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ»ΡΠΊΡΡ Π½Π° Π°Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π£ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈ. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΠΎ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΡΠΊΠ° ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ ΡΠ²ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π² ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π½Π°ΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΡΡΡΡΡΡ Π·Π° Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏβΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Π· Π·Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π°Π³Π΅Π½ΡΠΎ-ΠΎΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΡΠ° ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΡΡΡΠΏΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π΄ΡΠΌΠΊΠΈ. ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ½Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΡ Π·Π΄ΡΠΉΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠΈ ΡΠΌΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΉΠ½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ² ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΡΡΡΠΏΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π΄ΡΠΌΠΊΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΡΡΡ, ΡΠΎ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΡΠΊΠ° Π΄ΡΠΌΠΎΠΊ, Π·Π°Π»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΄ ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΡ Π²Π·Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ. ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡΠ½ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡ ΡΡΡΠΏΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π΄ΡΠΌΠΊΠΈ, Π²ΡΠ΄ΡΡΠΎΠ²Ρ
ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΄ Π°Π³ΡΠ΅Π³Π°ΡΡΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠΏΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈ, ΡΠ³Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡΠΈ Π·ΠΌΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡΠ½ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡ. ΠΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²Ρ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ, Π½Π°Π²ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠΈ, ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π° Π·ΠΌΡΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ ΡΠ²ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ. Π€ΡΠΊΡΠ°ΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π° Π·Π°Π²Π΄ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΌ. ΠΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ ΡΠ²ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ, ΡΠΊ Π±Π°Π³Π°ΡΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡΡΡ, ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡΡΡ, Π²ΠΈΠ±ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΏΡΠΈΠΉΠ½ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ. ΠΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΡΡΡΡΡ, ΡΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²Π° ΡΠ²ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΌΡΡΡΡ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π²Π·Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ Π² Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΡΠΏΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π΄ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ° ΡΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΉΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π²ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠβΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡΡΠΊΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ, ΡΠΊ TouchPoint Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ· Π΄Π»Ρ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ·Ρ Π²Π·Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ° ΡΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π² ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠΉ ΡΠ²ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ.Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ. Π Π°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π΄Π²Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π°: Π°Π³ΡΠ΅Π³Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΈ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ. ΠΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π. ΠΡΡΡΠΈΠ½Π°, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΌ. Π Π°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π΄Π°ΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΊΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΌ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π²ΠΎΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ»ΠΈΠΊΡΠ° Π½Π° Π²ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΊΠ΅ Π£ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΈΠ½Ρ.ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π°Π³Π΅Π½ΡΠΎ-ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΡ ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΌΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ²Π° Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π±Π°Π·ΠΈΡΡΡΡΡ Π°Π³ΡΠ΅Π³Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΠΈΠ³Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΡ, Π½Π°ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠΎΡ, ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. Π€ΠΈΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½Π° Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΌ. ΠΠ½ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΉΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ, ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ, ΠΈΠ·Π±ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ Π² Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ TouchPoint Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π΄Π»Ρ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π² ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ
Genetic polymorphisms associated with the inflammatory response in bacterial meningitis
BACKGROUND
Bacterial meningitis (BM) is an infectious disease that results in high mortality and morbidity. Despite efficacious antibiotic therapy, neurological sequelae are often observed in patients after disease. Currently, the main challenge in BM treatment is to develop adjuvant therapies that reduce the occurrence of sequelae. In recent papers published by our group, we described the associations between the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) AADAT +401Cβ>βT, APEX1 Asn148Glu, OGG1 Ser326Cys and PARP1 Val762Ala and BM. In this study, we analyzed the associations between the SNPs TNF -308Gβ>βA, TNF -857Cβ>βT, IL-8 -251Aβ>βT and BM and investigated gene-gene interactions, including the SNPs that we published previously.
METHODS
The study was conducted with 54 BM patients and 110 healthy volunteers (as the control group). The genotypes were investigated via primer-introduced restriction analysis-polymerase chain reaction (PIRA-PCR) or polymerase chain reaction-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis. Allelic and genotypic frequencies were also associated with cytokine and chemokine levels, as measured with the x-MAP method, and cell counts. We analyzed gene-gene interactions among SNPs using the generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction (GMDR) method.
RESULTS
We did not find significant association between the SNPs TNF -857Cβ>βT and IL-8 -251Aβ>βT and the disease. However, a higher frequency of the variant allele TNF -308A was observed in the control group, associated with changes in cytokine levels compared to individuals with wild type genotypes, suggesting a possible protective role. In addition, combined inter-gene interaction analysis indicated a significant association between certain genotypes and BM, mainly involving the alleles APEX1 148Glu, IL8 -251Β T and AADAT +401Β T. These genotypic combinations were shown to affect cyto/chemokine levels and cell counts in CSF samples from BM patients.
CONCLUSIONS
In conclusion, this study revealed a significant association between genetic variability and altered inflammatory responses, involving important pathways that are activated during BM. This knowledge may be useful for a better understanding of BM pathogenesis and the development of new therapeutic approaches
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Plasma technology has been widely applied in the ozone production, material modification, gas/water cleaning, etc. Various nanomaterials were produced by thermal plasma technology. However, the high temperature process and low uniformity products limit their application for the high value added chemicals synthesis, for example the functional materials or the temperature sensitive materials. Microplasma has attracted significant attentions from various fields owing to its unique characteristics, like the high-pressure operation, non-equilibrium chemistry, continuous-flow, microscale geometry and self-organization phenomenon. Its application on the functional nanomaterial synthesis was elaborately discussed in this review paper. Firstly, the main physical parameters were reviewed, which include the electron temperature, electron energy distribution function, electron density and the gas temperature. Then four representative microplasma configurations were categorized, and the proper selection of configuration was summarized in light of different conditions. Finally the synthesis, mechanism and application of some typical nanomaterials were introduced