THE INFLUENCE OF DRY EXTRACT «ARKOSITEL» ON THE STATE OF CELLULAR AND HUMORAL CHAINS OF IMMUNE RESPONSE

The immunomodulating activity of dry extract «Arkositel» was established, in experiments on the СВА and F (СВАхС57В1/6) mice. The extract in experimental-therapeutic dose of200 mg/kg is capable to decrease suppressive action of cytostatic azatioprin on antibody genesis, cellular-indirect immune reaction of hypersensitivity of slow type, that is expressed, by increasing of immune indices

IMMUNOMODULATING PROPERTIES OF THE PLANT GLUCANS AT EXPERIMENTAL IMMUNODEPRESSION

Установлена иммуномодулирующая активность полисахаридов из аира болотного, астрагала перепончатого, софоры желтоватой, зопника клубненосного, шлемника байкальского, кардамона настоящего, имбиря лекарственного при азатиоприновой иммуносупрессии. Показана зависимость степени выраженности иммуномодулирующей активности полисахаридов от. их структуры: чем. больше степень разветвления, тем выше активность

Influence of the fractions isolated from Gentiana algida Pall. on the state of cellular and humoral chains of immune response

The immune modulatory effect of fractions isolated from the aerial part of Gentiana algida Pall. has been established in experiments on the СВА mice in respect of cellular and humoral immune response at immune suppression caused by azathioprine. The introduction of testfractions (polysaccharide, ethyl acetate, chloroform, butanol) to mice increased the number of the antibody forming cells and index of hypersensitivity reaction of slow type compared with the level of suppression. The most immune modulating effect in respect of cellular and humoral immune response at immune suppression caused by azathioprine has polysaccharide fraction and an ethyl acetate fraction containing phenolic substances. The presence of marked immune modulating properties of the studied remedies in experimental immune suppression allow to recommend them for introduction into the medical practice for the prevention and treatment of immune deficiency conditions, as well as to conduct targeted search of new efficient and low-toxic immune correcting plant preparations

Effect of individual substances isolated from Silene jeniseensis Willd on the state of the main links of immunity at experimental immune deficiency

Introduction. The search, development and introduction of new drugs with an immunotropic effect are one of the priority tasks of modern immunopharmacology. Numerous studies have proven the immunotropic activity of individual substances isolated from medicinal plants (flavonoids, polysaccharides, ecdysteroids, terpenoids, etc.). In the present study, it is of interest to determine the immunomodulatory effect of individual substances isolated from Silene jeniseensis Willd.The aim of the study. Determination of the immunomodulatory activity of individual substances isolated from Silene jeniseensis: flavonoid isoorientin-2”-O-rhamnoside, polysaccharide arabino-3.6-galactan and ecdysteroid 20-hydroxyecdysone under conditions of cyclophosphamide induced experimental immunosuppression.Methods. Experiments were carried out on F1 (CBAxC57Bl/6) mice. Immunodeficiency was modeled by intraperitoneal administration of cyclophosphamide to control group animals in the dose 250 mg/kg once. Experimental groups of mice received the test substances intragastrically once a day for 14 days against the background of immunosuppression in the following doses: isoorientin-2”-O-rhamnoside – 10 mg/ kg, arabino-3.6-galactan – 3 mg/kg, 20-hydroxyecdysone – 3 mg/kg. The effect of substances on cellular immunity was determined in a delayed hypersensitivity reaction, humoral immunity was determined in an antibody formation reaction by local hemolysis according to A.J. Cunningham. The phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophages was studied in relation to colloidal ink particles.Results. With the introduction of isoorientin-2”-O-rhamnoside, arabino-3.6-galactan and 20-hydroxyecdysone in experimental animals, there was an increase in the index of delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction by 1.3–1.4 times, the absolute and relative number of antibody-forming cells by 1.4–1.7 times, phagocytic index by 1.2–1.5 times compared with the data in the control group, which indicates the leveling of the suppressive effect of cyclophosphamide on cell-mediated immune response, antibody genesis and phagocytosis of macrophages.Conclusion. Isoorientin-2”-O-rhamnoside and arabino-3.6-galactan have the most pronounced immunomodulatory effect. The obtained data allow us to consider the studied substances as promising plant immunomodulators

Correction of morphofunctional changes in mice thymus and spleen by Rhaponticum uniflorum (L.) DC. extract at cyclophosphamide immunosupression

The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of R. uniflorum dry extract on morphofunctional state of mice thymus and spleen at cyclophosphamide immunosuppression.Materials and methods. The experiments were carried out on F1 (CBAxC57Bl/6) mice 18–20 g of weight. Immune deficiency was simulated by a single intraperitoneal introduction of cyclophosphamide in the dose 250 mg/kg. R. uniflorum dry extract in the dose 100 mg/kg was administered per os for 14 days. The thymus and spleen were fixed for histological studies on day 16. The thymus total area, the cortex and medulla area, the connective tissue capsule thickness, the spleen white and red pulp area were used to measure on micropreparations stained with hematoxylineosin and azure-eosin. The cell density and the cellular composition were calculated in the thymus cortical substance.Results. The R. uniflorum extract increased the thymus total area and the corticomedullary index by 37 and 26 % (p ≤ 0.05), respectively. The cells density increased in the cortical substance, it decreased in the medulla, as a result “layer inversion” is not observed in any animal of the experimental group. The number of proliferating lymphocytes, blasts and large lymphocytes increased; the number of destructive cells and macrophages decreased in the cortical substance. The spleen white pulp relative volume was 39 % higher than in the control.Conclusions. The R. uniflorum dry extract had an immunocorrective effect on the thymus and spleen morphofunctional state at cyclophosphamid immunosuppression

A centuries-old experience of Buryat branch of the traditional medicine in Russia

The present work reviews the evolution of the traditional medicine in Buryatia; the contribution of Oriental medical schools and the Russian experience of herbal treatment were emphasized. This convergence process was developed in virtue of the geopolitical situation of the Republic. The evolution of the tradition and contribution of ethnic medical schools was schematically presented in the article. The aim of the work was to substantiate the originality of the Buryat traditional medicine. The data elucidating the pervasion of Eastern traditions due to the influence of Buddhism and the experience of the Russian settlers are given in the article. Peculiarity of the traditional medicine in this region involves the use of indigenous plants, original formularies and healing technologies. Approach to health and illness, principles of diagnostics and specific methods of treatment remain common to Eastern medical traditions. The article provides insight into the main findings of the study of this tradition. They include such aspects as the translation of written sources, development of new technologies and methods for the treatment and prevention of some diseases, new medicinal preparations and health-improving means recommended for practical use. Besides, there have been discussed the prospects for integration of rational methods and means from the array of the traditional medicine of Buryatia with modern medical and pharmaceutical technologies

Fig. 2 in Life cycle of Carabus granulatus Linnaeus 1758 (Coleoptera, Carabidae) in Western Transbaikalia

Fig. 2. Seasonal dynamics of Carabus granulatus activity on steppe meadow in 2018. Abbreviations as in Fig. 1.Published as part of <i>Khobrakova, L.Ts. & Rudykh, S.G., 2023, Life cycle of Carabus granulatus Linnaeus 1758 (Coleoptera, Carabidae) in Western Transbaikalia, pp. 24-30 in Far Eastern Entomologist 491</i> on page 27, DOI: 10.25221/fee.491.4, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10271968">http://zenodo.org/record/10271968</a&gt

Fig. 1 in Life cycle of Carabus granulatus Linnaeus 1758 (Coleoptera, Carabidae) in Western Transbaikalia

Fig. 1. Seasonal dynamics of Carabus granulatus activity on floodplain meadow in 2018. Abbreviations: t – teneral imago, i – immature imago, m – mature imago, s – spent imago.Published as part of <i>Khobrakova, L.Ts. & Rudykh, S.G., 2023, Life cycle of Carabus granulatus Linnaeus 1758 (Coleoptera, Carabidae) in Western Transbaikalia, pp. 24-30 in Far Eastern Entomologist 491</i> on page 26, DOI: 10.25221/fee.491.4, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10271968">http://zenodo.org/record/10271968</a&gt