Maytenus emarginata: A Folklore Ethnomedicinal Plant of Rajasthan

Tribal or folk medicines system is based on use of herbal medicines by tribal communities, which includes utilization of crude extract from local medicinal plants by medicine-men of community. The tribal communities dominated in various parts of Rajasthan harbors a vast diversity of vegetation. The surrounding plants form an integral part of culture of tribal people and the medicinal knowledge of plants is passed on from generation to generation through oral folklore and mythical stories. Ethno-botany is the study of plants and their practical uses through traditional knowledge by local inhabitants of a region. Maytenus emarginata Ding Hou is a Celesrtaceae family plant. It is locally known as ‘Kankero’ in hindi and Thorny staff tree in English. Various parts of this plant were used traditionally in folk culture for the treatment of various ailments. This review article includes therapeutic uses of crude extract of various parts of plant Maytenus emarginata and its phyto-chemical constituents. In this review article, we studied about anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, anti-cancer, hepato-protective, anti-ulcerogenic activities of this plant. Keywords: folk medicines, medicine-men, folklore, anti-cancer, hepato-protective

ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF PHYTOSTEROLS FROM BIGNONIA VENUSTA (L.)

Objective: To isolate phytosterols from Bignonia venusta (L.) and its antimicrobial activity.Introduction: B. venusta is an important medicinal plant known for its vast potential. It is a valuable plant which is commonly used in traditional system of medicine for relieving pain and inflammation, as well as in a number of metabolic disorders such as diabetes and obesity.Methods: In the present study, phytosterols from B. venusta was identified and quantified in vivo. Phytosterols were identified using chromatographic and spectral studies.Conclusion: B. venusta (L.) is an ideal source of phytosterols and act as antimicrobial agent.Â

The Duration of Intra‑abdominal Hypertension and Increased Serum Lactate Level are Important Prognostic Markers in Critically Ill Surgical Patient’s Outcome: A Prospective, Observational Study

Aim: The present study analyzed the clinical significance of duration of intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) associated with increased serum lactate in critically ill patients with severe sepsis. Materials and Methods: Our study was an observational, prospective study carried out in the Surgical Intensive Care Unit (ICU) at J.L.N Medical College, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India. In our study, we included a total of 100 patients and intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) was measured through intravesical route at the time of admission and after 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h via a urinary catheter filled with 25 ml of saline. Duration of ICU and hospital stay, need for ventilator support, initiation of enteral feeding, serum lactate level at time of admission and after 48 h, and 30-day mortality were noted as outcomes. Results: In our study, an overall incidence of IAH was 60%. Patients with cardiovascular surgery and renal and pulmonary dysfunction were 93.3%, 55%, and 60%, respectively, at the time of admission and 65%, 10%, and 10%, respectively, after 72 h of admission in the surgical ICU. Nonsurvivors had statistically significant higher IAP and serum lactate levels than survivors. Patients with longer duration of IAH had longer ICU and hospital stay, longer duration of vasopressors and ventilator support, and delayed enteral feeding. Conclusion: There is a strong relationship “risk accumulation” between duration of IAH associated with increased serum lactate and organ dysfunction. The duration of IAH was an independent predictor of 30-day mortality. Early recognition and prompt intervention for IAH and severe sepsis are essential to improve the patient outcomes

The duration of intra-abdominal hypertension and increased serum lactate level are important prognostic markers in critically ill surgical patient's outcome: A prospective, observational study

Aim: The present study analyzed the clinical significance of duration of intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) associated with increased serum lactate in critically ill patients with severe sepsis. Materials and Methods: Our study was an observational, prospective study carried out in the Surgical Intensive Care Unit (ICU) at J.L.N Medical College, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India. In our study, we included a total of 100 patients and intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) was measured through intravesical route at the time of admission and after 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h via a urinary catheter filled with 25 ml of saline. Duration of ICU and hospital stay, need for ventilator support, initiation of enteral feeding, serum lactate level at time of admission and after 48 h, and 30-day mortality were noted as outcomes. Results: In our study, an overall incidence of IAH was 60%. Patients with cardiovascular surgery and renal and pulmonary dysfunction were 93.3%, 55%, and 60%, respectively, at the time of admission and 65%, 10%, and 10%, respectively, after 72 h of admission in the surgical ICU. Nonsurvivors had statistically significant higher IAP and serum lactate levels than survivors. Patients with longer duration of IAH had longer ICU and hospital stay, longer duration of vasopressors and ventilator support, and delayed enteral feeding. Conclusion: There is a strong relationship “risk accumulation” between duration of IAH associated with increased serum lactate and organ dysfunction. The duration of IAH was an independent predictor of 30-day mortality. Early recognition and prompt intervention for IAH and severe sepsis are essential to improve the patient outcomes