Validation of the persian version of spiritual well-being questionnaires

Spiritual well-being is an important issue in health sciences, hence the need for validated instruments to assess this aspect of health in the Iranian population. The aim of the current study was to determine the validity of the Persian versions of 2 most common measures of spiritual health (Spiritual Well-Being Questionnaire [SWBQ] or Spiritual Health and Life-Orientation Measure [SHALOM] and Spiritual Well-Being Scale [SWBS]). This was a cross-sectional study via a convenience sampling method in Iran University of Medical Sciences with 170 participants aged above 18 years comprising students, teachers, and administrative staff and managers. The study was conducted from September 7, 2014 to September 20, 2015 in Tehran. Four questionnaires, namely the SWBQ, SWBS, General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), and Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (OHQ), were used. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 18 and LISREL (version 8.2). Cronbach's alpha, intra-class correlation coefficient, Pearson correlation, and confirmatory factor analysis were employed to assess the validity and reliability of the questionnaires. Cronbach's alpha for the SWBQ and the SWBS was greater than 0.85. The repeatability of both questionnaires was between 0.88 and 0.98. The Pearson correlation for the SWBQ and the SWBS ranged from 0.33 to 0.53 and all the correlations were significant. The respondents who indicated a higher spiritual well-being also reported better general health and happiness. The Persian versions of the SWBS and the SWBQ have good reliability, repeatability, and validity to assess spiritual health in the Iranian population

The most well-known health literacy questionnaires: a narrative review

  Background: Health literacy is an important issue in public health and defined as the cognitive and social skills of an individual that determine his/her ability to obtain, access, understand, and apply health information. As the area of social determinant of health and structure content of the questionnaires, such as the perception of health and the health status of people, were neglected in the previous reviews, the present study was conducted to review and compare Health literacy questionnaires, which have domains in these areas, in English and Persian languages.  Methods: We reviewed the most famous health literacy questionnaires designed and validated in English and Persian languages published in PubMed, Google Scholar, Ovid, Scientific Information Database, and Barakat Knowledge Network System. After removing repetitive articles, the remaining articles were studied and the questionnaires were qualitatively analyzed.   Results: More than 31 well-known English and Persian questionnaires and articles were included in the present review. Among these tools, 17 questionnaires had a section on understanding and comprehension and 14 had calculation and analysis in addition to comprehension. Among the 31 questionnaires, three questionnaires had some items about social determinants of health and 12 had some items about perception of health. According to our study, the questionnaire that covers all areas of health literacy as well as social determinants of health is the HLS-EU-Q, which has been translated into different languages.  Conclusion: Since health literacy levels are related to many social determinants of health, the HLS-EU-Q can be used for health literacy evaluation as a strong predictor of a person’s health status

Persian Adaption of Personal Self-Care Assessment Questionnaire

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the self-care assessment questionnaire that is used to study the level of self-care in healthy adults. In the first stage, the self-care assessment questionnaire was translated from English to Persian using the forward-backward method. The final Persian version was evaluated in terms of translation clarity, compliance with Iranian culture, and consistency with concepts in the original version. Subsequently, the psychometric properties of the tool were determined. During the translation and localization process, changes were made to the Persian version for a better understanding. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of the different dimensions of the tool was within the desired range (0.782-0.924). Considering the importance and necessity of a self-care assessment questionnaire in healthy adults, a comprehensive and multidimensional questionnaire was selected and localized. This questionnaire can be used to improve the level of health and self-care

Comparison of Bone Density of Distal Radius With Hip and Spine Using DXA

Osteoporosis diagnosis is usually based on examination of the hip bone and vertebrae density; however, the radius bone has gained attention recently in terms of feasibility and accessibility as it is done by portable devices with proper precision. This study aims to compare hip and spine density with radius, knowing whether radius may be an appropriate alternative for osteoporosis diagnosis. 120 females who were referred to one Densitometry Center checked their skeletal status using a hologic unit for densitometry of spine, femoral neck, and one-third radius. The patients were divided into three groups of healthy, osteopenic and osteoporotic based on WHO’s protocol. Concordance analysis was done to investigate the degree of similarity of diagnosis. In the study, there were 40, 41, and 39 individuals with normal, osteopenic, and osteoporotic bone densities, respectively which obtained from hip bone or vertebrae using the T-score criterion T-score of radius bone density has a direct linear relationship with these result. Osteoporosis diagnosis can be made based on radius densitometry

Validation of the Persian Version of Spiritual Well-Being Questionnaires

Background: Spiritual well-being is an important issue in health sciences, hence the need for validated instruments to assess this aspect of health in the Iranian population. The aim of the current study was to determine the validity of the Persian versions of 2 most common measures of spiritual health (Spiritual Well-Being Questionnaire [SWBQ] or Spiritual Health and Life-Orientation Measure [SHALOM] and Spiritual Well-Being Scale [SWBS]). Methods: This was a cross-sectional study via a convenience sampling method in Iran University of Medical Sciences with 170 participants aged above 18 years comprising students, teachers, and administrative staff and managers. The study was conducted from September 7, 2014 to September 20, 2015 in Tehran. Four questionnaires, namely the SWBQ, SWBS, General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), and Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (OHQ), were used. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 18 and LISREL (version 8.2). Cronbach’s alpha, intra-class correlation coefficient, Pearson correlation, and confirmatory factor analysis were employed to assess the validity and reliability of the questionnaires. Results: Cronbach’s alpha for the SWBQ and the SWBS was greater than 0.85. The repeatability of both questionnaires was between 0.88 and 0.98. The Pearson correlation for the SWBQ and the SWBS ranged from 0.33 to 0.53; and all the correlations were significant. The respondents who indicated a higher spiritual well-being also reported better general health and happiness. Conclusion: The Persian versions of the SWBS and the SWBQ have good reliability, repeatability, and validity to assess spiritual health in the Iranian population