Bacteriophages of soil bacilli: A new multivalent phage of Bacillus altitudinis

© 2017, Allerton Press, Inc. Bacillus are soil saprophytes, facultative anaerobes developing in the temperature range of 28–37°С. 16S rRNA cataloging shows that these bacteria form a coherent class with broad variability of virulence. Bacillus phages can be extensively used for phagotyping bacteria in the process of soil, water, and food monitoring. Bacillus phages can also be used as vectors in horizontal gene transfer and potential therapeutic agents. Thus, description of the biological diversity of the Bacillus phages is useful for further development of tools used in molecular biology and biomedicine. In this work, the scheme for isolation of soil bacteriophages was unified, which allowed ten bacillus phages to be isolated from different types of soil. It was shown that the number of phages depended on the soil fertility, decreasing as the soil changed from black soil to chestnut soil to gray forest soil to uncontaminated urban soil to oil-contaminated urban soil. A new polyvalent DNA-containing bacteriophage SRT01hs of B. altitudinis (it is also able to infect B. subtilis, B. cereus, and B. pumilus, but not B. licheniformis and B. atrophaeus) was described in detail. It has a typical structure: a total length of 360 nm and an icosahedron-shaped head 100 nm in diameter. Several phages simultaneously attack a B. altitudinis cell by increasing the level of intracellular low-molecular RNA. Infection with the phage virtually eliminates the stationary growth phase of infected bacilli and leads to a permanent increase in the number of phages in cultural liquor, with the exception of the time period of high activity of the secreted ribonuclease

Bacteriophages of soil bacilli: A new multivalent phage of Bacillus altitudinis

© 2017, Allerton Press, Inc. Bacillus are soil saprophytes, facultative anaerobes developing in the temperature range of 28–37°С. 16S rRNA cataloging shows that these bacteria form a coherent class with broad variability of virulence. Bacillus phages can be extensively used for phagotyping bacteria in the process of soil, water, and food monitoring. Bacillus phages can also be used as vectors in horizontal gene transfer and potential therapeutic agents. Thus, description of the biological diversity of the Bacillus phages is useful for further development of tools used in molecular biology and biomedicine. In this work, the scheme for isolation of soil bacteriophages was unified, which allowed ten bacillus phages to be isolated from different types of soil. It was shown that the number of phages depended on the soil fertility, decreasing as the soil changed from black soil to chestnut soil to gray forest soil to uncontaminated urban soil to oil-contaminated urban soil. A new polyvalent DNA-containing bacteriophage SRT01hs of B. altitudinis (it is also able to infect B. subtilis, B. cereus, and B. pumilus, but not B. licheniformis and B. atrophaeus) was described in detail. It has a typical structure: a total length of 360 nm and an icosahedron-shaped head 100 nm in diameter. Several phages simultaneously attack a B. altitudinis cell by increasing the level of intracellular low-molecular RNA. Infection with the phage virtually eliminates the stationary growth phase of infected bacilli and leads to a permanent increase in the number of phages in cultural liquor, with the exception of the time period of high activity of the secreted ribonuclease

Bacteriophages of soil bacilli: A new multivalent phage of Bacillus altitudinis

© 2017, Allerton Press, Inc. Bacillus are soil saprophytes, facultative anaerobes developing in the temperature range of 28–37°С. 16S rRNA cataloging shows that these bacteria form a coherent class with broad variability of virulence. Bacillus phages can be extensively used for phagotyping bacteria in the process of soil, water, and food monitoring. Bacillus phages can also be used as vectors in horizontal gene transfer and potential therapeutic agents. Thus, description of the biological diversity of the Bacillus phages is useful for further development of tools used in molecular biology and biomedicine. In this work, the scheme for isolation of soil bacteriophages was unified, which allowed ten bacillus phages to be isolated from different types of soil. It was shown that the number of phages depended on the soil fertility, decreasing as the soil changed from black soil to chestnut soil to gray forest soil to uncontaminated urban soil to oil-contaminated urban soil. A new polyvalent DNA-containing bacteriophage SRT01hs of B. altitudinis (it is also able to infect B. subtilis, B. cereus, and B. pumilus, but not B. licheniformis and B. atrophaeus) was described in detail. It has a typical structure: a total length of 360 nm and an icosahedron-shaped head 100 nm in diameter. Several phages simultaneously attack a B. altitudinis cell by increasing the level of intracellular low-molecular RNA. Infection with the phage virtually eliminates the stationary growth phase of infected bacilli and leads to a permanent increase in the number of phages in cultural liquor, with the exception of the time period of high activity of the secreted ribonuclease

Bacteriophages of soil bacilli: A new multivalent phage of Bacillus altitudinis

© 2017, Allerton Press, Inc. Bacillus are soil saprophytes, facultative anaerobes developing in the temperature range of 28–37°С. 16S rRNA cataloging shows that these bacteria form a coherent class with broad variability of virulence. Bacillus phages can be extensively used for phagotyping bacteria in the process of soil, water, and food monitoring. Bacillus phages can also be used as vectors in horizontal gene transfer and potential therapeutic agents. Thus, description of the biological diversity of the Bacillus phages is useful for further development of tools used in molecular biology and biomedicine. In this work, the scheme for isolation of soil bacteriophages was unified, which allowed ten bacillus phages to be isolated from different types of soil. It was shown that the number of phages depended on the soil fertility, decreasing as the soil changed from black soil to chestnut soil to gray forest soil to uncontaminated urban soil to oil-contaminated urban soil. A new polyvalent DNA-containing bacteriophage SRT01hs of B. altitudinis (it is also able to infect B. subtilis, B. cereus, and B. pumilus, but not B. licheniformis and B. atrophaeus) was described in detail. It has a typical structure: a total length of 360 nm and an icosahedron-shaped head 100 nm in diameter. Several phages simultaneously attack a B. altitudinis cell by increasing the level of intracellular low-molecular RNA. Infection with the phage virtually eliminates the stationary growth phase of infected bacilli and leads to a permanent increase in the number of phages in cultural liquor, with the exception of the time period of high activity of the secreted ribonuclease

Using the Minor Variant Finder software to identify and quantify the allelic burden level of somatic mutations in oncohematologic diseases

Background. There are problems related to both quantitative assessment of an allele burden level of a mutant gene and interpretation of results in DNA samples with the burden level of the mutant allele less than 15–20 %, when using Sanger sequencing for analyzing somatic mutations. Applied Biosystems (USA) has developed new software Minor Variant Finder, which allows determining mutations with the allele burden level from 5 %.The objective: to determine the allele burden level and identification of minor variants of somatic mutations in the ASXL1, JAK2 genes and BCR-ABL oncogene using Minor Variant Finder software in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms.Materials and methods. The level of mutant allele burden for 15 patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms was determined by the identified mutations using the Minor Variant Finder software, after analysis of point somatic mutations in the ASXL1, JAK2 genes and BCR-ABL oncogene by Sanger sequencing.Results. The allele burden level in all 5 ASXL1-positive samples and BCR-ABL-positive sample was determined as higher than 20 % using the Minor Variant Finder software. The allele burden level in 2 cases was higher than 20 % and in 7 cases lower than 20 %, when we analyzed 9 JAK2-positive samples.Conclusion. Minor Variant Finder software can be used to estimate the allele burden level and to identify minor variants of somatic mutations in the ASXL, JAK2 and BCR-ABL genes

ROS-generation and cellular uptake behavior of amino-silica nanoparticles arisen from their uploading by both iron-oxides and hexamolybdenum clusters

© 2020 Elsevier B.V. The present work introduces combination of superparamagnetic iron oxides (SPIONs) and hexamolybdenum cluster ([{Mo6I8}I6]2−) units within amino-decorated silica nanoparticles (SNs) as promising design of the hybrid SNs as efficient cellular contrast and therapeutic agents. The heating generated by SNs doped with SPIONs (Fe3O4@SNs) under alternating magnetic field is characterized by high specific absorption rate (SAR = 446 W/g). The cluster units deposition onto both Fe3O4@SNs and “empty” silica nanoparticles (SNs) results in Fe3O4@SNs[{Mo6I8}I6] and SNs[{Mo6I8}I6] with red cluster-centered luminescence and ability to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) under the irradiation. The monitoring of spin-trapped ROS by ESR spectroscopy technique indicates that the ROS-generation decreases in time for SNs[{Mo6I8}I6] and [{Mo6I8}I6]2− in aqueous solutions, while it remains constant for Fe3O4@SNs[{Mo6I8}I6]. The cytotoxicity is low for both Fe3O4@SNs[{Mo6I8}I6] and SNs[{Mo6I8}I6], while the flow cytometry indicates preferable cellular uptake of the former versus the latter type of the nanoparticles. Moreover, entering into nucleus along with cytoplasm differentiates the intracellular distribution of Fe3O4@SNs[{Mo6I8}I6] from that of SNs[{Mo6I8}I6], which remain in the cell cytoplasm only. The exceptional behavior of Fe3O4@SNs[{Mo6I8}I6] is explained by residual amounts of iron ions at the silica surface